AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · İKİNCİ BÂB · BİRİNCİ FASIL

Ahmed Çelebi — Mevlânâ Şemseddîn

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 6, p. 119 • Edited by: Doç. Dr. Recep Orhan ÖZEL - Doç. Dr. Metin HAKVERDİOĞLU

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Sivaslıdır. Meşâhîr-i a’yândan Hacı Kutlug Şâh oğludur. Sivas ve Amasya’da ikmâl-i tahsîl edib 803’de pederiyle beraber Amasya’ya geldi. Amasya’da ders-i âm olup yıllarca tedrîs-i ulûm etdi. 824’de Atabeg Gâzi Medresesi müderrisi görüldü. 838 sâlinden sonra vefât etdi. Meşâhîr-i ulemâdan olup mahdûmu Hâfız Abdulmü’min [374] Çelebi de ulemâdandır.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was from Sivas. He was the son of Hacı Kutlug Şah, one of the well-known notables of the city. Having completed his studies in Sivas and Amasya, he came to Amasya with his father in 803 [1400-01]. He became a dersiâm in Amasya and taught for years. In 824 [1421] he is seen as müderris of the Atabeg Gâzi Madrasa. He died after 838 [1434-35]. He was one of the well-known scholars. His son Hâfız Abdülmü'min Çelebi was also one of the scholars.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • meşâhîr-i a'yân: the well-known notables of the city
  • ikmâl-i tahsîl: completing one's studies
  • ders-i âm: a scholar authorised to give public lectures in a mosque, dersiâm
  • tedrîs-i ulûm: teaching the sciences, giving lessons
  • sâl: year
  • meşâhîr-i ulemâ: famous scholars
  • mahdûm: son

From Sivas to Amasya in 803

The year 803, in which Ahmed Çelebi came to Amasya with his father, coincides with the days when Sivas suffered great destruction at Timur's hands. After the death of Kadı Burhâneddin (800 [1398]) the notables of the city had handed Sivas over not to the Akkoyunlu Karayülük Osman Bey but to Yıldırım Bayezid; after that date Sivas became one of Timur's first targets and was besieged and taken in 1400. According to Ömer Demirel, during Timur's occupation Sivas suffered great damage physically, demographically and economically, and the city's important works, above all the walls, were largely destroyed.

Hüsameddin does not write the reason for the migration; but considering that the year 803 began in August 1400 in the hijri calendar, the move of a Sivas family of notables to Amasya at this date was most probably connected with Timur's invasion. In those years Amasya was the sanjak of Prince Mehmed (later Çelebi Sultan Mehmed), whom Yıldırım Bayezid had sent there in 1399. Although after the Battle of Ankara Timur gave the city to Tâceddin Devletşah, the people, displeased with him, invited Çelebi Mehmed to the city, and the prince re-established his dominion in the region in 1403. That Ahmed Çelebi taught for years in Amasya and then became müderris of a madrasa indicates that the city opened its door to scholars who migrated in this period.

His father's name, "Hacı Kutlug Şah", is the same as that of Hacı Kutluşah, who in 1359 handed the emirate of Amasya to his son Hacı Şadgeldi Pasha. But since Hüsameddin explicitly presents the person in our article as a "notable of Sivas" and shows him alive in 803, these must be two separate people of the same name.

The Atabeg Gâzi Madrasa

Which building Hüsameddin means by the "Atabeg Gâzi Madrasa" is open to debate. One of the best-known Seljuk-period madrasas of Amasya is the Halîfet Gazi Madrasa, popularly called "Hilfet Gazi". According to its inscription it was built in 606 [1209-10]; its founder Halîfet Gazi, one of the Danishmendid emirs who later entered Seljuk service, became governor of Amasya in 619 [1222]. This madrasa is not associated with an atabeg.

On the other hand, there is another madrasa in Amasya known as the "Atabey Madrasa". Nâsıreddin Ahmed Bey, atabeg of the Seljuk Sultan II. Gıyâseddin Mesud and of his son Gazi Çelebi Tâceddin Altunbaş, was governor of Amasya for five years between 1322 and 1327; he had this madrasa built and endowed all his land and property to it. His descendants were called the "Atabeyzâdes"; in some studies Yörgüç Pasha too is shown as a member of this family. Hüsameddin's name "Atabeg Gâzi" most probably reflects an old usage that names this madrasa together with the "Gazi Çelebi" whom the atabeg served. This is an inference; no other document was found for the exact identity of the madrasa in the article. That in Hüsameddin's work the same madrasa also appears in the seventeenth century as an institution to which müderrises were appointed shows that the building stood for a long time.

His Son Hâfız Abdülmü'min Çelebi

Hüsameddin says that Ahmed Çelebi's son Hâfız Abdülmü'min Çelebi was also one of the scholars. No information about this person was found in other sources.

Bibliography

Primary sources

  • Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 119–119. amasya.bel.tr

Academic studies

Official sources

Books

Volume 6 contents

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