AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · BİRİNCİ BÂB · ONUNCU FASIL · DÖRDÜNCÜ DEVRE-İ TÂRİHİYYE

Ali Pasha

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 4, p. 624 • Edited by: Doç. Dr. Hicabi GÜLGEN

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Köprülüdür. “Çorumlu Ali Paşa” demekle meşhûrdur. 1118 senesi saferinin on üçüncü günü Amasya mutasarrıfı olup kethüdâsı [239] Ahmed Ağa’yı Amasya mütesellimi gönderdi.

Rebiülevvel gurresinde Lâdikli Feyzullah Efendi Amasya kadısı olup geldi. Rebiülâhirde Emîr Hacı ile Kürd es-Seyyid İbrâhim Ağa azl edilip Seyyid Celâl oğlu es-Seyyid İbrâhim Ağa nakîb kâ’im-makâmı ve Avkatlı İbrâhim Ağa da alaybeyi oldu.

Cumâdelûlâ evâilinde Torumtay evkâfı mütevellîsi a‘yândan Eyyüb Paşazâde el-Hâc Ahmed Ağa bin Mustafa Bey bin Mirlivâ Abdurrahmân Bey’in vefâtıyla Gürcüzâde İsmâil Bey bin Mehmed Bey ve Şeyh Mehmed Efendi müştereken mütevellî oldu.

Receb gurresinde Derviş Mehmed Ağa kethüdâyeri ve birkaç gün sonra Amasyalı Kapıcızâde Haseki Ahmed Ağa bostancıbaşı ve müteâkiben sekbânbaşı Amasyalı Nasûh Ağazâde Osmân Ağa yeniçeri ağası ve “Ballı” demekle meşhûr Lâdikli Mehmed Ağa yoluyla kul kethüdâsı oldu.

Şevvâlin on üçüncü günü Müftü Hacı Efendizâde el-Hâc Ömer Efendi vefât etdiğinden fuzalâdan Müftüzâde Abdullah Efendi Amasya müftüsü ve Amasya’da menfiyyen ikâmet etmek üzere gelen sâbık gümrük emîni Mustafa Ağa evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellîsi oldu. Sâbık Mütevellî Çelebi Mehmed Ağa da ma‘füvven İstanbul’a gitdi.

Zilka’de evâilinde Amasya a‘yânından Tokat Voyvodası Nasûh Ağazâde el-Hâc Nasûh Ağa Tokat’ta ve zilhiccenin on dokuzuncu günü birâderi yeniçeri ağası Osmân Ağa İstanbul’da vefât edib [240] Lâdikli Mehmed Ağa yeniçeri ağası oldu. A‘yândan Mevlevîhâne Mütevellîsi el-Hâc Bilâl Efendi de bu sene vefât etdi.⁶⁹¹

Mütesellim Ahmed Ağa, Amasya vücûhundan Müezzinbaşızâde Abdi Efendi’ye pek mâil olduğundan Abdi Efendi pek çok işlere karışmış, a‘yânı birbirine düşürmüş, Ahmed Ağa’yı lisâna getirmişdi.

Abdi Efendi, Sultân Bâyezîd Müezzinbaşı Hâfız Ali Efendi’nin oğludur. Oldukça âlim, şâir, meclis-ârâ, sadâsı güzel, mûsikîye âşinâ olduğundan a‘yân meclislerinde bulunarak a‘yân sırasına girmiş, kendisine “Abdi Ağa” denmişdi.

1119 senesi gurre-i muharreminde Mütesellim Ahmed Ağa’nın azliyle Alaybeyi Avkatlı İbrâhim Ağa Amasya mütesellimi ve saferinde Emîr Hacı Abdullâtîf Ağa nakîb kâ’im-makâmı ve rebiülevvel gurresinde Sakız muhâfızı Köprülüzâde Vezîr Abdullah Paşa Sivas vâlisi oldu.

Rebiülevvel evâsıtında Şehir Kethüdâsı Hüseyin Ağa’nın vefâtına binâen Hoca Paşazâde el-Hâc Ömer Bey şehir kethüdâsı oldu. Ancak Müezzinbaşızâde Abdi Ağa’nın hakkında şikâyetler tevâlî etdiğinden hakkında tahkîkâta başlandı. Bu esnâda Ali Paşa da gidip Amasya sancağı Ohri Beyi Receb Bey’e bâ-rütbe-i mîrimîranî tevcîh edildi.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was from Köprü. He is known as "Ali Pasha of Çorum". On the thirteenth day of Safar 1118 [27 May 1706] he became the mutasarrıf of Amasya and sent his steward (kethüda) Ahmed Ağa to Amasya as mütesellim (deputy governor).

On the first day of Rebiülevvel, Feyzullah Efendi of Ladik came as kadı of Amasya. In Rebiülahir, Emîr Hacı and Kürd es-Seyyid İbrâhim Ağa were dismissed; es-Seyyid İbrâhim Ağa, son of Seyyid Celâl, became deputy marshal of the descendants of the Prophet (nakîb vekili), and İbrâhim Ağa of Avkat became alaybeyi.

In the early days of Cemaziyelevvel, when Eyyüb Paşazâde el-Hâc Ahmed Ağa son of Mustafa Bey son of Mirlivâ Abdurrahmân Bey, one of the notables (a'yân) and administrator of the Torumtay waqfs, died, Gürcüzâde İsmâil Bey son of Mehmed Bey and Şeyh Mehmed Efendi became joint administrators of these waqfs.

On the first day of Receb, Derviş Mehmed Ağa became kethüdâyeri. A few days later Kapıcızâde Haseki Ahmed Ağa of Amasya became bostancıbaşı, then the sekbanbaşı Osmân Ağa of Amasya, of the house of Nasûh Ağa, became agha of the Janissaries, and Mehmed Ağa of Ladik, known by the nickname "Ballı", became kul kethüdası by seniority in the corps.

On the thirteenth day of Şevval [18 January 1707], when the mufti Hacı Efendizâde el-Hâc Ömer Efendi died, Müftüzâde Abdullah Efendi, one of the learned scholars, became mufti of Amasya. Mustafa Ağa, a former customs superintendent who had come to live in Amasya in exile, became administrator of the Sultan's waqfs; the previous administrator, Çelebi Mehmed Ağa, was pardoned and went to Istanbul.

In the early days of Zilkade, Nasûh Ağazâde el-Hâc Nasûh Ağa, one of the notables of Amasya and voivode of Tokat, died in Tokat, and on the nineteenth day of Zilhicce [24 March 1707] his brother, the Janissary Agha Osmân Ağa, died in Istanbul; Mehmed Ağa of Ladik became Janissary agha in his place. El-Hâc Bilâl Efendi, a notable and administrator of the Mevlevi lodge, also died this year.

Because the deputy governor Ahmed Ağa was very fond of Abdi Efendi of the Müezzinbaşızâde family, one of the leading men of Amasya, Abdi Efendi had meddled in many affairs, set the notables against one another, and made Ahmed Ağa the subject of gossip.

Abdi Efendi is the son of Hâfız Ali Efendi, chief muezzin of the Sultan Bayezid Mosque. Being quite learned, a poet, a man whose conversation enlivened gatherings, with a fine voice and an understanding of music, he attended the assemblies of the notables and so entered their ranks, and came to be called "Abdi Ağa".

On the first day of Muharrem 1119 [4 April 1707] the deputy governor Ahmed Ağa was dismissed and the alaybeyi İbrâhim Ağa of Avkat became mütesellim of Amasya. In Safer Abdüllâtîf Ağa, Emîr Hacı, became deputy marshal of the descendants of the Prophet, and on the first day of Rebiülevvel [2 June 1707] Vizier Abdullah Pasha Köprülüzâde, the guardian of Chios, became governor of Sivas.

In the middle of Rebiülevvel, on the death of Hüseyin Ağa, the city steward (şehir kethüdası), el-Hâc Ömer Bey of the Hoca Paşazâde family became city steward. But as complaints about Müezzinbaşızâde Abdi Ağa kept coming one after another, an investigation was opened against him. In the meantime Ali Pasha also left his post, and the sanjak of Amasya was given, with the rank of mîrimîrân (beylerbeyi), to Receb Bey, the bey of Ohri.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • mutasarrıf: the person who holds the administration and revenue of a sanjak
  • kethüdâ: a pasha's assistant who handled his affairs, his steward
  • mütevellî / müştereken: waqf administrator / jointly
  • evkâf-ı Sultâniyye: the sultan's waqfs; in Amasya, the waqfs of Sultan Bayezid
  • bostancıbaşı: head of the bostancı corps, responsible for guarding the palace gardens, the shores and the palace
  • sekbânbaşı: commander of the sekban units of the Janissary corps
  • kul kethüdâsı: the corps administrator who ranked next after the Janissary agha
  • yoluyla: according to seniority in the corps
  • fuzalâ: learned, accomplished people
  • menfiyyen / ma'füvven: in exile / pardoned
  • gümrük emîni: the official who managed customs revenues
  • birâder: brother
  • vücûh: leading men
  • mâil: fond of, inclined toward
  • lisâna getirmek: to make the subject of talk, to give rise to gossip
  • meclis-ârâ: one who enlivens a gathering with his conversation
  • tevâlî etmek: to come one after another
  • tahkîkât: investigation
  • bâ-rütbe-i mîrimîranî: with the rank of beylerbeyi

Ali Pasha of Çorum and the Grand Vizier Çorlulu Ali Pasha

Only about three weeks before 13 Safer 1118 [27 May 1706], the date of Ali Pasha's appointment to Amasya, Çorlulu Ali Pasha had become grand vizier in Istanbul on 3 May 1706. The son of a farming family settled in Çorlu, this vizier was trained in the Enderun, became silahdar in 1700, was summoned to be appointed governor of Aleppo but was instead kept as a Kubbealtı vizier, and remained in the grand vizierate until he was dismissed on 15 June 1710. The close similarity of the two names, since they fall in the same years, could cause confusion in reading this entry. Hüsameddin, however, clearly introduces the mutasarrıf of Amasya as "of Köprü" and "of Çorum", and in the previous entry he writes that he had earlier been mutasarrıf of Karahisar-ı Şarkî; the person mentioned is therefore not the grand vizier.

The phrase "He was from Köprü" is also open to misunderstanding. Hüsameddin has a habit of beginning his entries with a sentence stating the person's home town ("He is from Amasya", "He is from Tokat"); so the word "Köprülü" here more probably points to the town of Köprü, neighbouring Amasya, today's Vezirköprü, than to the famous Köprülü family of viziers. This town, which took its present form through the repairs of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha and acquired the name Vezirköprü, was a district (kaza) attached to Amasya until 1925. This is an inference; no information about Ali Pasha of Çorum was found in other sources.

The Torumtay Waqfs

The Torumtay waqfs, whose administrator changed, are among Amasya's oldest waqfs, reaching back to the Seljuk period. Their founder Seyfeddin Torumtay was a Seljuk statesman appointed governor of Amasya in the time of Gıyâseddin Keyhusrev II. The building he had built, called "Gökmedrese" in his deed of endowment, was used in his own time as both a madrasa and a mosque. Its inscription was removed from its place, so the exact date of construction is unknown; but since the deed of endowment drawn up by Torumtay bears the date 665 [1266-67], the building is considered to have been completed by that year at the latest. This deed was published by İsmet Kayaoğlu.

The tomb that Torumtay had built for himself is dated 677 [1278-79] and still stands today opposite the Gökmedrese, separated from it by a street. In the tomb, beside Seyfeddin Torumtay, lie the graves of his children and grandchildren. The Gökmedrese Mosque is also among Amasya's surviving Seljuk buildings. That Hüsameddin in earlier entries calls Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Efendi "the Torumtay professor" (müderris) shows that the waqf was still operating as a madrasa at the beginning of the eighteenth century. That in 1118 the waqf was left jointly to men of the notable class and a sheikh suggests that the administration of these waqfs, inherited from the Seljuk period, was now also in the hands of the city's leading men.

Two Janissary Aghas from Amasya

The most striking part of the entry is the rise of two men of Amasya, one after the other within a few months, to the post of Janissary agha. According to Hüsameddin, in early Receb 1118 [October 1706] the sekbanbaşı Osmân Ağa of the house of Nasûh Ağa became Janissary agha, died in Istanbul on 19 Zilhicce 1118 [24 March 1707], and was replaced by Mehmed Ağa of Ladik, nicknamed "Ballı". Moving from sekbanbaşı to Janissary agha is the corps's ordinary path of promotion; a sekbanbaşı who rose within the corps became Janissary agha, and as the agha's deputy he helped him in keeping order in Istanbul.

The lists of Janissary aghas compiled today largely confirm Hüsameddin's dates. According to these lists, an Osman Ağa came to the post of Janissary agha in October 1706, died in office in March 1707, and was succeeded in March 1707 by "Balı Mehmed Ağa", who in turn yielded his place to Kara Mustafa Ağa in July 1707. The only discrepancy among these month-by-month matching records is that the lists call Osman Ağa by the nickname "Arnavut" (Albanian), whereas Hüsameddin counts him among the Nasûh Ağazâdes, notables of Amasya, and records the death of his brother, the voivode of Tokat, Hacı Nasûh Ağa, in the same place. Since the same lists also include another "Arnavut Osman Ağa" who was briefly Janissary agha in 1702 and became a vizier, the possibility that the nickname has been confused between two people cannot be ruled out. It is clear that the nicknames "Ballı" and "Balı" refer to the same person; Mehmed Ağa's term as agha lasted about four months.

Bostancıbaşı Haseki Ahmed Ağa

Clues to the later life of Kapıcızâde Haseki Ahmed Ağa of Amasya, who became bostancıbaşı in the same days, are again in Hüsameddin's biographical volumes. There it is written that in 1123 [1711] "the bostancıbaşı el-Hâc Ahmed Pasha of Amasya" became kapudan pasha (grand admiral) with the rank of vizier, and elsewhere that el-Hâc Ahmed Pasha of Amasya, who rose from bostancıbaşı to the post of kapudan pasha with the rank of vizier, was killed in 1127. It is very probable that this Ahmed Pasha is the Haseki Ahmed Ağa of our entry, but Hüsameddin does not explicitly join the two. In the lists of kapudan pashas compiled today the years 1711 to 1714 are left blank, so this record could not be verified with another source.

The Mevlevi Lodge and Bilâl Efendi

El-Hâc Bilâl Efendi, the administrator of the Mevlevi lodge who died this year, also appears in research on the Mevlevi order in Amasya. According to Abdulhalim Durma, the first Mevlevi lodge in Amasya was built in 1314 by Alâeddin Ali Pervâne Bey, and in old records the building is called "Mevlevîhâne-i Pervâne". In 1637, when Bayram Pasha brought water to his home town Amasya, he had a new Mevlevi lodge built together with a caravanserai and enlarged its waqfs. On the death of Sheikh Alâeddin Dede in 1700, the administration of the lodge passed to İbrâhim Çelebi and the sheikhdom to Bilâl Efendi, and in 1701 Bilâl Efendi also took over the administration. Hüsameddin's calling him "administrator of the Mevlevi lodge" agrees with this information. According to Durma the lodge stood on the bank of the Yeşilırmak near the Hükümet Bridge; it was probably demolished after the closing of the dervish lodges, in the years when today's Yavuz Selim Square was opened.

Müezzinbaşızâde Abdi Ağa

Abdi Ağa, the deputy governor's favourite who set the notables against one another, is also recorded as a poet in Hüsameddin's book. In Metin Hakverdioğlu's study, which lists the poets named in the Amasya Tarihi by volume, "Abdî Ağa-Mü'ezzinbaşızâde" is also among these poets. No information about him was found in other sources. The outcome of the investigation opened against him is told in the next entry.

Köprülüzâde Abdullah Pasha

Köprülüzâde Abdullah Pasha, who became governor of Sivas in Rebiülevvel 1119, is the second son of Grand Vizier Fâzıl Mustafa Pasha and a grandson of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha. On 2 Şaban 1112 [12 January 1701] he married the daughter of Şeyhülislam Feyzullah Efendi, was made a Kubbealtı vizier, and after serving as nişancı and as kaymakam of Istanbul was sent to Hanya (Chania) and in 1117 [1705-06] to Chios. His appointment as governor of Sivas in Rebiülevvel 1119 [June-July 1707] matches the information Hüsameddin gives down to the month. In later years Abdullah Pasha served as governor in many provinces, including Trabzon, Eğriboz, Mosul, Aydın, Damascus, Diyarbakır, Erzurum, Egypt and Konya, and in 1137 [1724-25] he conquered Tabriz. While commander-in-chief (serdar-ı ekrem) of the Iranian front, he fell as a martyr in 1148 [1735-36] fighting Nadir Shah at the Battle of Arpaçay (Meydan). He is remembered as a scholarly vizier versed in the Arabic sciences, and he is also known as a poet.

Bibliography

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