Amasya ümerâsından beylerbeyi Kutlu Paşa bin el-Hâc Süleyman Şâh bin el-Hâc Kutluşâh bin Kürt Bey’in mahdûmu ve Amasya emîr-i kebîri Hacı Şâdgeldi Pâdişâh bin el-Hâc Kutluşâh’ın birâderzâdesi oğludur. Eniştesi Koca Mehmed Paşa’nın zaman-ı sadâretinde meşâhîr-i ümerâdan oldu.
Selânik, Silistre gibi büyük sancaklara mîr-livâ [237] olup 841’de Mehmed Paşa’nın azlinde ma’zûlen Amasya’ya geldi. Ba’dehû Sivas beyi olup 846’da Şehzâde Alaaddîn Bey’in ihnâkı üzerine ma’zul oldu. 847 senesi evâ’ilinde vefât etdi.
Nüfûzlu bir emîr-i sâdık idi. Amasya’da yaptırdığı türbesine emlâkini vakfetdi. Ahi Sa’adeddîn Mahallesi’nde kâin türbesi cüzhânlarına vezâ’if ta’yîn edib vakfının fazla-yı varidâtını evlâdına verdi. Mahdûmları Kâsım, Oruç Beyler ve birâderi Kaya Bey’dir.
In Modern English
He was the son of the beylerbeyi Kutlu Pasha bin el-Hac Süleyman Şah bin el-Hac Kutluşah bin Kürt Bey, one of the beys of Amasya; he was the grandson of the nephew of Hacı Şadgeldi Padişah bin el-Hac Kutluşah, the great emir of Amasya. During the grand vizierate of his brother-in-law Koca Mehmed Pasha he became one of the well-known beys.
He was sanjak governor of great sanjaks such as Salonica and Silistre; in 841 [1437-38], upon Mehmed Pasha's dismissal, he was removed from his post and came to Amasya. Later he became bey of Sivas, and he was dismissed in 846 [1442-43] when Prince Alâeddin Bey was strangled. He died in the early part of 847 [1443].
He was an influential and loyal emir. He endowed his properties to the tomb he had built in Amasya. In his tomb in the Ahi Saadeddin quarter he set salaries for those who recite the Qur'an and left the surplus income of his waqf to his children. His sons were Kasım and Oruç Bey, and his brother was Kaya Bey.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- ümerâ: beys, emirs
- birâderzâde: brother's son, nephew
- sadâret: the grand vizierate
- mîr-livâ: sanjak governor
- ma'zûlen: having been dismissed from office
- ihnâk: strangling
- evâil: the beginning of a period, the first days
- cüzhân: one who recites the sections (cüz) of the Qur'an
- vezâif: salaries paid in return for a duty
- fazla-yı vâridât: surplus of income
The Kutluşahoğulları
Ebû İshak Bey's lineage is tied to the family of emirs who ruled Amasya in the fourteenth century. According to local records, after the death of Zeyneddin Tüli Bey, Hacı Kutluşah became emir of Amasya in 1347, and then his eldest son Şahabeddin Ahmed Şah came to this post in mid-1352. In 1356 the Emîr-i Kebîr Şücâaddin Süleyman Bey seized the emirate by force, and in 1358 Ahmed Şah took the emirate again. In 1359 Hacı Kutluşah's other son Hacı Şadgeldi Pasha became emir; the post, which he lost for a short time in 1361 to Alâeddin Ali Bey, son of Şücâaddin Süleyman Bey, he took a second time in 1362 after the Kaynar Incident. The person Hüsameddin calls "Hacı Şadgeldi Padişah" is this Şadgeldi Pasha. According to the genealogy Hüsameddin gives, Ebû İshak Bey is a grandson of Şadgeldi's brother Süleyman Şah. No reliable source was found confirming Hüsameddin's note tracing the lineage back to "Kürt Bey."
There are other records that the family was also influential in Amasya in the Ottoman period. It is recorded that Sinâneddin Yakut Pasha, mentioned as a son of Hacı Kutlu Şehzade Süleyman Şah, built an imaret in the Yakutiye quarter in 1413. Hüsameddin's presenting Ebû İshak Bey's father Kutlu Pasha as "the son of Süleyman Şah" suggests that Yakut Pasha and Kutlu Pasha may have been brothers; but this is an inference.
The Grand Vizierate of Koca Mehmed Pasha
The brother-in-law to whom Ebû İshak Bey owed his rise, Koca Mehmed Pasha, is Mehmed Ağa of Amasya, one of the grand viziers of the reign of Murad II. This vizier, called Hoca or Koca Mehmed Pasha in the sources, became grand vizier after the death of Çandarlı İbrahim Pasha in 1429; in Murad II's imaret waqf deed dated Shawwal 833 (July 1430) he was appointed in this capacity as supervisor (nâzır) of the waqf. Halil İnalcık notes that in the waqf deeds drawn up in Bursa dated 5 Ramadan 843 (9 February 1440) Mehmed Pasha still appears as grand vizier. Hüsameddin, on the other hand, writes that Mehmed Pasha was dismissed in 841 and that Ebû İshak Bey was therefore removed from his post. If the date 1440 given by the waqf deeds is correct, Hüsameddin's record of 841 is either an early date for Mehmed Pasha's dismissal or Ebû İshak Bey's dismissal rests on another cause.
The Death of Prince Alâeddin Ali
The event given as the reason for Ebû İshak Bey's removal from the beylik of Sivas is the death of Prince Alâeddin Ali Çelebi, son of Murad II. The prince, born in Edirne in 1425, became sanjak governor of Amasya in 1440 at fifteen years of age, and Hatibzâde Tâceddin İbrahim Efendi was his teacher. In 1443, by his father's order, he took part at the head of the Amasya forces in the campaign against the Karamanids and lost his life a short time later. In the entry on Murad II, Halil İnalcık writes that after the battle at the Zlatitsa Pass (1 Sha'ban 847 / 24 November 1443), news came to the sultan that his son Alâeddin Ali Çelebi, whom he loved and trusted greatly, had died in Amasya, and that this news shook him greatly. Some sources record that the prince died in an accident while riding near Bursa on the way back. The word "ihnâk" (strangling) that Hüsameddin uses reflects the old rumor that the prince was killed; the real cause of death is not clear in the sources. The prince was buried at the Muradiye in Bursa, and Murad II too, by his will, was interred near his son.
A small difference in dating also stands out. Hüsameddin puts the event in the year 846; yet according to the order given by İnalcık, the news of the death came after the month of Sha'ban of the year 847 (November-December 1443). In that case Hüsameddin's record "died in the early part of 847" for Ebû İshak Bey would fall before the prince's death. It is difficult for these two dates to both be right; one of the dates given for the prince's death or for Ebû İshak Bey's death needs correction.
No information was found in other sources about Ebû İshak Bey's sanjak governorships of Salonica and Silistre, his beylik of Sivas, or his tomb in the Ahi Saadeddin quarter.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 80–81. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Official sources
Other sources