[281] Esbak Bağdâd vâlisi Amasyalı Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Paşa’nın kethüdâsı ve ammizâdesi olan Mustafa Ağa bin Sarı Mehmed Ağa’nın mahdûmudur. Pederinin 1096’da vefâtında yetîm kalıp dayısı Hâbil Efendizâde Ehlullah Efendi’nin vesâyetinde büyüdü.
Ba’dehû İstanbul’a gidip bostancıbaşılıkdan vezâretle kapudan-ı derya olan Amasyalı el-Hâc Ahmed Paşa’ya intisâb ederek hazînedârı oldu. 1127’de müşârün-ileyhin katl ü i’dâmında Amasya’ya geldi.
1143 vak’asında yine İstanbul’a gidip Zanalı Ca’fer Ağazâde es-Seyyid el-Hâc Ahmed Paşa’ya intisâb ederek 1151’de anahtâr ağası ve sadâretinde kapıcılar kethüdâsı, ba’dehû dergâh-ı âlî kapıcıbaşılarından oldu. 1155’de sadr-ı müşarün ileyhin azlinde saniyyen avdet edib a’yândan oldu. 1165 hudûdunda vefât etdi. Zengîn, hânedân, mükerrem bir kimse idi. Mahdûmları el-Hâc Mehmed, Mustafa, Ahmed Ağalardır. Hacı Ahmed Ağa ve mahdûmu es-Seyyid el-Hâc Ebûbekir Ağa aşağıda gelir.
Diğer a’yândan pazarbaşı el-Hâc Ebûbekir Ağa bin Ali de hâcıyân ve a’yân meclislerine a’zâ olarak 1167 sâlinden [282] sonra vefât etdi. Oğulları el-Hâc Ali, Mustafa Ağalara ve bunların evlâdına “Pazarbaşıoğulları” ve tahfifen “Pazaroğulları” dendi. Bunlardan Deli Mehmed oğlu Ahmed Hulûsi Efendi oldukça teayyün etmişdi. 1332’de vefât etdi.
In Modern English
He was the son of Mustafa Ağa bin Sarı Mehmed Ağa, who was the kethüda (steward) and cousin of Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Pasha of Amasya, a former governor of Baghdad. When his father died in 1096 [1684-85] he was left an orphan and grew up under the guardianship of his maternal uncle Hâbil Efendizâde Ehlullah Efendi.
Then he went to Istanbul and attached himself to el-Hâc Ahmed Pasha of Amasya, who had risen from bostancıbaşı to kapudan pasha (grand admiral) with the rank of vizier, and became his treasurer. When the said pasha was killed in 1127 [1715], he came to Amasya.
In the incident of 1143 [1730] he went again to Istanbul and attached himself to Zanalı Câfer Ağazâde es-Seyyid el-Hâc Ahmed Pasha; in 1151 [1738-39] he became his anahtar ağası, during his grand vizierate kapıcılar kethüdası, and then one of the kapıcıbaşıs of the Exalted Porte. When the said grand vizier was dismissed in 1155 [1742], he returned a second time and became one of the ayan. He died around 1165 [1751-52]. He was a generous man from a wealthy, well-rooted family. His sons are el-Hâc Mehmed, Mustafa and Ahmed Ağas. Hacı Ahmed Ağa and his son es-Seyyid el-Hâc Ebûbekir Ağa will be described below.
Another of the leading figures of the ayan, pazarbaşı el-Hâc Ebûbekir Ağa bin Ali, was likewise a member of the pilgrims' and ayan councils and died after 1167 [1753-54]. His sons el-Hâc Ali and Mustafa Ağas and their children were called "Pazarbaşıoğulları", in short "Pazaroğulları". Of these, Ahmed Hulûsi Efendi, son of Deli Mehmed, became quite prominent; he died in 1332 [1913-14].
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- ammizâde: son of a paternal uncle, cousin
- vesâyet: guardianship, protection
- intisâb etmek: to enter the retinue of a great man, to attach oneself to him
- hazînedâr: the official who looks after the treasury and belongings of a statesman
- katl ü i'dâm: being killed, execution
- anahtar ağası: the person in charge of the doors and keys in a great man's household
- sadâret: the grand vizierate
- Dergâh-ı âlî kapıcıbaşısı: one of the kapıcıbaşıs of the palace; a rank
- sâniyen avdet: returning a second time
- mükerrem: generous, hospitable
- pazarbaşı: the official who looks after market affairs
- tahfîfen: in abbreviated form
The Hacı Efendizâdes
Ebûbekir Ağa belongs to the Hacı Efendizâde family that came from the Eski Kethüdâ quarter of Amasya. In the first volume Hüsameddin writes that this quarter was also called "A'yân Mahallesi" and that viziers such as Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Pasha and Yeğenzâde Ömer Pasha came from it. The head of the family, Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Pasha, is called "former governor of Baghdad" in this entry; in another entry of Hüsameddin it is recorded that in Şaban 1074 [February-March 1664] he became governor of Egypt with the rank of vizier. That the lists of Ottoman governors of Egypt include a governor named Silahdar Ömer Pasha in the years 1664-1667 agrees with this record; but it is not certain that the two names belong to the same person, and the governorship of Baghdad could not be verified in other sources.
There is also a discrepancy in dates in Hüsameddin's own work. While this entry writes that Ömer Pasha's kethüda Mustafa Ağa died in 1096, in the entry of another member of the same family, Hacı Efendizâde Ahmed Pasha, it is said that his uncle el-Hâc Mustafa Ağa, who was Ömer Pasha's kethüda, died in 1092 [1681]. Which record the four-year difference rests on could not be understood.
Hacı Ahmed Pasha of Amasya, the Kapudan Pasha
El-Hâc Ahmed Pasha of Amasya, Ebûbekir Ağa's first master, also appears in a book of biographies of kapudan pashas written in the eighteenth century. According to Şehrîzâde Mehmed Said's Zübdetü'l-ahbâr, Hacı Ahmed Pasha came to Istanbul, entered the Bostancı Corps through the mediation of some friends, and after serving five or six years as bostancıbaşı became kapudan pasha with the rank of vizier on the dismissal of Mehmed Pasha. At the end of 1124 [1712] he became kaymakam of Istanbul; when Ali Pasha came to Istanbul with the army after the conquest of the Morea, he was exiled to Rhodes, and in mid-1127 [1715] he was killed in Rhodes. This information agrees exactly with the date Hüsameddin gives. Hüsameddin also separately records that during the pasha's kaymakamship of Istanbul Gözdaşoğlu Ahmed Efendi (Merâmî) of Amasya became kethüda of the kilâr-ı hâssa (Privy Pantry); it is clear that there was a circle of Amasyans around the pasha.
Grand Vizier Şehlâ Ahmed Pasha
"Câfer Ağazâde es-Seyyid el-Hâc Ahmed Pasha", to whom Ebûbekir Ağa attached himself after the events of 1143 [1730], is Şehlâ Ahmed Pasha, one of the grand viziers of the reign of Mahmud I. According to the encyclopedia entry written by Feridun Emecen, his family is from Alanya; he is the son of Câfer Ağa, a relative of Osman Ağa, the kethüda of Kalaylıkoz Ahmed and Baltacı Mehmed Pashas, and was born in Foça. Hüsameddin's nisba "Zanalı" does not agree with this information; where the nisba comes from could not be understood. Ahmed Pasha rose to büyük mirahur (chief of the imperial stables), in 1739 became sadaret kaymakamı and nişancı, and on 22 June 1740 was appointed grand vizier. After remaining in this post for nearly two years, he was dismissed on 28 April 1742 [Safer 1155] and exiled to Rhodes. That Hüsameddin says Ebûbekir Ağa returned to Amasya "on the dismissal of the grand vizier in 1155" agrees exactly with this date.
Ebûbekir Ağa went twice to Istanbul and entered the retinue of a pasha each time, and both times the fall of his master brought him back to Amasya; on his second return he joined the Amasya ayan with the rank of kapıcıbaşı of the Exalted Porte. No information on the Pazarbaşıoğulları was found in other sources.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 93–94. amasya.bel.tr
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, vols. 1-4 and 6-8, Amasya Belediyesi e-book: vol. 1 "Eski Kethüdâ Mahallesi"; vol. 6 the entries "Ahmed Paşa-Hacı Efendizâde" and "Ahmed Efendi-Merâmî".
Academic studies
- Nurten Sevinç, "İlk Kaptanıderya Biyografîlerinden Şehrîzâde Mehmed Said'in 'Zübdetü'l-Ahbâr'ı", Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi, X/1 (2024), p. 143-180.
- Feridun Emecen, "Ahmed Paşa, Şehlâ", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ahmed-pasa-sehla).
Other sources
- "Osmanlı Mısır valileri listesi", tr.wikipedia.org.