Esbak Anadolu vâlisi Amasyalı vezîr Ömer Paşa bin Ebûbekir Bey bin Dervîş Bey’in birinci mahdûmudur. Pederinin hayâtında enderûn sarayına girdi. Orada hüsn-i terbiyye görüp tahsîl-i irfân etdi. Tedrîcen terakkî ederek 1142’de hazînedâr-ı şehriyârî oldu.
Ancak 1143 senesi hâilesinde Sultân Mahmûd Hân-ı Evvelin cülûsundan sonra kapIcıbaşı olarak taşra çıkarıldı. 1149’da Rumeli beylerbeyiliği pâyesiyle Karahisâr-ı Şarkî mutasarrıfı, ba’dehû Kars beylerbeyi olup eylâlet-i sagîreyi devrederek 1158’de vefât etdi. Mahdûmu [280] Ömer Paşa’dır.
In Modern English
He was the eldest son of Vizier Ömer Pasha bin Ebûbekir Bey bin Derviş Bey of Amasya, a former governor of Anatolia. While his father was still alive he entered the Enderun palace. There he received a good upbringing and acquired learning and culture. Rising step by step, in 1142 [1729-30] he became the sultan's treasurer (hazinedar).
But after the calamity of 1143 [1730], following the accession of Sultan Mahmud I Khan, he was sent out from the palace to the provinces as kapıcıbaşı (head of palace gatekeepers). In 1149 [1736-37] he became mutasarrıf of Karahisâr-ı Şarkî with the rank of beylerbeyi of Rumelia, then beylerbeyi of Kars, and after moving through small provinces he died in 1158 [1745-46]. His son is Ömer Pasha.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- esbak: former, previous
- mahdûm: son
- enderûn sarayı: the inner part of Topkapı Palace; the palace school where statesmen were trained
- hüsn-i terbiyye: good upbringing; tahsîl-i irfân: acquiring learning and culture
- tedrîcen terakkî: rising step by step
- hazînedâr-ı şehriyârî: the sultan's treasurer
- hâile: calamity, major event
- cülûs: accession to the throne
- kapıcıbaşı: head of the palace gatekeepers; a palace rank
- pâye: a rank granted as a title
- mutasarrıf: sanjak administrator
- eylâlet-i sagîre: small provinces
The Bekir Beyzâdes
Ebûbekir Pasha belongs to the Amasya family that Hüsameddin calls "Bekir Beyzâde". In the first volume of his work Hüsameddin connects this family to the line of Şemseddin Şâdgeldi, the ruler of Amasya who died in 783 [1381]: from among the grandsons of Ahmed Pasha, a descendant of Şâdgeldi, the Sinan Pasha branch split off, and the "Bekir Beyzâde" and "Dervîş Beyzâde" families came from this branch. According to Hüsameddin the Bekir Bey branch survived in Amasya until 1260 [1844]. The mention in the entry of Derviş Bey as the grandfather of his father and of Ebûbekir Bey as his own grandfather explains the names of these two branches. Hacı Şâdgeldi was at first an emir subordinate to Eretna Bey; after Eretna's death he declared his autonomy and ruled the city from 1359 until his death in 1381.
His father, Vizier Ömer Pasha, is written in another entry of Hüsameddin to have died in 1112 [1700-01] while a former governor of Anatolia. Ebûbekir Pasha's brother Osman Bey rose to the rank of mirliva in Egypt, then returned to Amasya and had a darülhadis (hadith school) built in the city; the son of this Osman Bey bears the name Ebûbekir Pasha like his uncle and is described in a separate entry. The lives of the uncle and nephew who bear the same name should not be confused: this entry belongs to the uncle, and the later entry "Ebûbekir Paşa-Bekir Beyzâde" belongs to the nephew.
The Calamity of 1143: The Patrona Halil Rebellion
The event Hüsameddin calls "the calamity of the year 1143" is the Patrona Halil rebellion, which ended the Tulip Era. The rebels, led by Halil, a member of the Janissary Corps who was called "Patrona" because he had worked for a time as a levent (marine) on galleons, gathered in front of the Beyazıt Mosque on 12 Rebîülevvel 1143 [25 September 1730], had the Covered Bazaar closed, took the tradesmen over to their side, and marched to the Etmeydanı. The rebels demanded the surrender of thirty-seven people together with Grand Vizier Nevşehirli Damad İbrâhim Pasha; in the end Ahmed III, having obtained a guarantee that neither he nor his children would be harmed, stepped down from the throne and with his own hand seated his nephew Prince Mahmud on it (2 October 1730). According to Hüsameddin's account, Ebûbekir Pasha's removal from the treasurership and dispatch to the provinces with the rank of kapıcıbaşı came immediately after this rebellion and Mahmud I's accession.
The Beylerbeyliği of Kars
Hüsameddin does not give the year of Ebûbekir Pasha's beylerbeyliği of Kars. His death date of 1158 [1745-46] falls in the years when Kars was one of the most important fortresses of the Ottoman eastern front against Nadir Shah. In the summer of 1744 Nadir Shah besieged Kars for two months, and the fortress did not fall thanks to the defense of Şehlâ Ahmed Pasha, the seraskeri of Kars. Whether Ebûbekir Pasha had any role in these events is not known. No information on Ebûbekir Pasha's treasurership or on his posts at Karahisâr-ı Şarkî and Kars was found in other sources. Hüsameddin gives no information about his son Ömer Pasha either.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 93. amasya.bel.tr
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, vols. 1-4, Amasya Belediyesi e-book, vol. 1, p. 181 ("Şâdgeldi Sülâlesi").
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, vols. 9-12, Amasya Belediyesi e-book, the entries "Osmân Bey-Ebûbekir Beyzâde" and "Abdî Bey-Bekir Beyzâde".
Academic studies
- Abdülkadir Özcan, "Patrona İsyanı", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/patrona-isyani).
- Azmi Özcan, "Nâdir Şah", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/nadir-sah--iran).
Other sources
- "Hacı Şadgeldi", tr.wikipedia.org.
- "Kars Kuşatması (1744)", tr.wikipedia.org.