Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · İKİNCİ BÂB · BİRİNCİ FASIL
Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 6, p. 95 • Edited by: Doç. Dr. Recep Orhan ÖZEL - Doç. Dr. Metin HAKVERDİOĞLU
Köprülüdür. Köprü’de Sultân Peykârî Câmii imâmı es-Seyyid Ebûbekir Efendizâde es-Seyyid Ahmed Efendi’nin mahdûmudur. Pederi İstanbul’da imâm-ı sadr-ı âlî olduğu münâsebetle “İmâmzâdelikle” iştihâr etdi. Ulemâdan tahsîl-i ulûm edib Ayasofya ders-i âmı oldu.
1168’de müderris olup 1195’de devriyeden Ma’raş, 1197 rebiülevvelinde mahrec pâyesiyle Diyârbekir mollası oldu. 1199’da vefât etdi. Telhisât-ı Şeyhü’l-İslâmî’de böyle görüldü. Ulemâdan idi. [288]
He is from Köprü. He is the son of es-Seyyid Ahmed Efendi, son of es-Seyyid Ebûbekir Efendi, imam of the Sultan Peykârî Mosque in Köprü. Because his father had been imam of the grand vizier in Istanbul, he became known by the epithet "İmamzâde". He studied under the scholars and became a ders-i âm at Hagia Sophia.
In 1168 [1754-55] he became müderris. In 1195 [1780-81] he became kadı of Maraş, one of the devriye mevleviyets, and in Rebîülevvel 1197 [February 1783], with the rank of mahreç, molla of Diyarbekir. He died in 1199 [1784-85]. This is how it is seen in the şeyhülislam's telhis records. He was among the scholars.
Köprü, Ebûbekir Niyâzî Efendi's hometown, is today the district of Vezirköprü in Samsun. The town, which the Seljuk Sultan Mesud refounded in 1160 under the name Gedekara, was plundered and ruined in the Celali rebellions, and through the repairs of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha and the new works he had built acquired its present fabric and took the name Vezirköprü. Administratively the town was attached to Amasya and remained a district of Amasya until 1925. This is why Hüsameddin counts a scholar from Köprü among the men of Amasya.
No information was found in the sources examined on the Sultan Peykârî Mosque, where Ebûbekir Efendi's grandfather served as imam. This name was not met with among any of the structures counted among the historic mosques of Vezirköprü; it is possible that the mosque has been demolished or is called by another name today.
That Hüsameddin states explicitly that he took the information from the şeyhülislam's telhis records sets this entry apart from most biographies; here the author relies directly on the appointment records at the center. The steps listed in the record show step by step the path a scholar followed in the Ottoman ilmiye organization. As Fahri Unan explains, Ottoman judgeships were divided into "mevleviyet judgeships" and "kaza judgeships". The judgeships of large and important cities were counted as mevleviyet, and the kadıs appointed to them gained the mevleviyet rank. Mevleviyets were themselves graded: at the bottom were the devriye mevleviyets, above them the mahreç mevleviyets, then the bilâd-ı hamse (five great cities), and at the top the Haremeyn mevleviyets. Among the cities counted as devriye mevleviyet were Maraş and Diyarbekir; kadıs who served for a time in these cities and were dismissed (mâzul) received the rank of mahreç mevleviyet.
Ebûbekir Efendi's career conforms to this rule. In 1195 [1780-81] he became kadı of Maraş, one of the devriye mevleviyets, and some two years later, in 1197 [1783], when he was appointed to Diyarbekir he also received the mahreç rank, one grade higher. In the system of ranks (pâye) that became widespread from the end of the sixteenth century, the actual granting of a post was called "mansıp", and the granting only of the rank and title was called "pâye". The molla-ship of Diyarbekir was the actual post, and mahreç the rank he carried. The more than twenty-five years between Ebûbekir Efendi's becoming müderris in 1168 [1754-55] and the Maraş judgeship also shows how slowly the steps were climbed in the ilmiye career.
As Murat Çelik notes, the title "molla" in the Ottoman Empire was used mainly for great kadıs who bore the mevleviyet rank; in the list Çelik gives, Diyarbekir is named among the great mollaships for which the right of submission in kadı appointments was left to the şeyhülislam. For this reason Ebûbekir Efendi's mollaship of Diyarbekir was a considerable position for a scholar raised in the provinces. No information on him was found in other sources.
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