Amasyalıdır. Baba İlyâs Horasânî evlâdından Oğuz Şâh bin Muhlis Paşa bin Baba İlyâs Horasânî mahdûmudur. Buna Oğuz oğlu denmişdir. Amasya emîr-i kebîri Ya’kub Şâh-ı Rûmî ümerâsından olup Geldiklân ve Tânunözü ve havâlîsi emîri olmuşdu.
744’de Sivas emîri Sultân Eretna Bey’e karşı Emîr Şeyh Hasan-ı Sagîr’in açtığı muhârebede mağlûb olan Hasan-ı Sagîr’in [53] taraftarı olduğundan Tebriz’e kaçtı. Ba’dehû Amasya vâlisi Hacı Kutlu Şâh zamanında avdet ve ona intisâb edib sâniyen o havâlî emîri oldu. 763’de Kaynar vak’asında fevt oldu. Şecî’ asîl bir emîr idi. Buna Erdoğan Şâh da denmişdir. Mahdûmu Kutlu Bey’dir.
In Modern English
He was a native of Amasya, a descendant of Baba İlyâs-ı Horasânî. He was the son of Oğuz Şah, the son of Muhlis Paşa, who was the son of Baba İlyâs-ı Horasânî. He was called Oğuz oğlu ("son of Oğuz"). He was one of the emirs of Yakub Şah-ı Rûmî, the great emir of Amasya, and had become emir of Geldiklân, Tânunözü and their surroundings.
In 744 [1343-44], being a supporter of Hasan-ı Sagîr, who was defeated in the war that Emir Şeyh Hasan-ı Sagîr opened against Sultan Eretna Bey, Emir of Sivas, he fled to Tabriz. Later, in the time of Hacı Kutlu Şah, governor of Amasya, he returned, attached himself to him and became for the second time the emir of that region. In 763 [1361-62] he died in the Kaynar affair. He was a brave and noble emir. He was also called Erdoğan Şah. His son is Kutlu Bey.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- mahdûm: son
- emîr-i kebîr: great emir, head of a region
- ümerâ: emirs
- muhârebe: war, battle
- mağlûb: defeated
- avdet: return
- intisâb: attaching oneself to
- sâniyen: for the second time
- vak'a: event, clash
- fevt: death
- şecî': brave
- asîl: noble
A Descendant of Baba İlyas
Erdoğan Bey's lineage reaches back to Baba İlyas, regarded as the leader of the Babai revolt of 1240. Baba İlyas settled in the village of Çat near Amasya (today İlyas village), opened a zâviye there and spread the Vefâiyye order. During the suppression of the revolt he is said to have been seized and executed by Seljuk forces while taking refuge in Amasya Castle. Muhlis Paşa, whom Hüsameddin names as Erdoğan Bey's grandfather, appears in these sources too as the son of Baba İlyas. Baba İlyas's grandson Elvan Çelebi gave important information about his family and circle in the Menâkıbü'l-kudsiyye, which he wrote in 1332-33. No separate record of Erdoğan Bey himself was found in the sources available to us.
The Legacy of Baba İlyas
The religious and mystical movement begun by Baba İlyas spread after his death, especially through his son Muhlis Paşa and his other successors, in Central and Western Anatolia, gave rise in the founding period of the Ottoman state to the abdalân-ı Rûm movement and finally to Bektashism. Whether Erdoğan Bey took part in this tradition or is mentioned only through descent is not clear from the text.
The Conflict over Şeyh Hasan
The date 744 [1343-44] in the text fits the years of the clashes that consolidated Eretna's superiority in Anatolia. In 1343 Eretna defeated Çobanlı Şeyh Hasan and his ally Süleyman Han in the victory of Karanbük, and Çobanlı Şeyh Hasan was killed by his wife in December of the same year. In the sources Çobanlı Şeyh Hasan is also called Küçük Şeyh Hasan ("Hasan the Small"). At Eretna's death in 1352 Amasya too was under his rule. The "Hasan-ı Sagîr" of Hüsameddin may be this man; this identification is an inference.
Hacı Kutlu Şah and Amasya
Hacı Kutlu Şah was one of the powerful Eretnid emirs of Mongol origin. He is said to have been a governor with authority over the region of Sivas, Konya, Amasya and Tokat, and to have taken Konya in 1354. Konya was retaken in 1361 by the Karamanid Alâeddin Bey. According to some sources Kutlu Şah's son Şadgeldi became emir of Amasya in 1359, was driven out of the city in 1361 after his father's death, and soon regained control. According to Hüsameddin, Erdoğan Bey died in the Kaynar affair in 763 [1361-62]. This date falls in the same years as Kutlu Şah's death and the change of hands of Konya. What the Kaynar affair was, and Erdoğan Bey's relation to it, we could not verify with the sources available to us.
Place Names
For Geldiklân and Tânunözü no record from the 14th century could be found in the sources available to us. In the entry Ergeldi Bey-Oğuzoğlu in the same volume a man of Geldiklân is also introduced, and he too bears the epithet "Oğuzoğlu". Whether these two men belonged to the same family is not clear from the text.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 280. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Other sources