Amasya'da sekbânbaşı olan Hasan Ağa'nın oğludur. Amasya'da Sultân Murâd'ın sarâyına gidip tefeyyüz ederek yeniçeri ağası⁵⁶⁹ olmuşdu. 848 senesinde Amasya beylerbeyi olup Edirne'den geldi. Vusûlüne kadar Hacı Halîl Paşazâde Memi Bey vâlî kâ'im-makâmı olmuşdu. 849 senesinde vak'a-i ma'lûmeden dolayı Tokat kalesine habs edilen Türklerin meşâhîr-i ümerâsından Yiğit Paşazâde Turhân Bey afv ve ıtlâk edilerek [219] Amasya'ya geldi. Tokat beylerbeyi Balabân Paşa ile beraber Mora harbine me'mûren Rûmeli'ne gitdi.
850 cemâziyelâhiresinin üçüncü gününde Amasya ümerâsından olup Rûmeli harbine me'mûr olan Aydın Beyzâde Alî Bey, Amasya dâhilinde Tayboğa Alanı ve Emîr Hasan Alanı çiftliklerini evlâdına vakf edib gitdi.⁵⁷⁰
Bu vakfiyenin şâhidlerinden olan Kemâl bin el-Hâc İbrâhim ile Mehmed bin Alî el-Karahisârî şâyân-ı dikkat sîmâlardandır. Birincisi şehzâdeliğinde Sultân Bâyezîd-i Sânî'ye vezîr olan Kemâl Paşa'dır. İkincisi sudûr-ı ulemâdandır.
Amasya beylerbeyi Ağa Hızır Paşa, Dulkadiroğlu'nun şehzâde Sultân Mehmed'e tezvîc edilen kerîmesini Manîsâ'ya kadar îsâline halîlesiyle beraber me'mûr olup gitdi. Yerine Koca Mehmed Paşazâde Süleyman Bey beylerbeyi kâ'im-makâmı oldu. İki ay kadar devâm etdi.
851 senesi evâhirinde Yâkût Paşa Zâviyesi şeyhi olan kibâr-ı a'yândan Divriklizâde Şemseddîn Mü'eyyed Çelebi vefât etdi. Mahdûmları Abdulvâsi', Abdullah, Alî Çelebilere de "Mü'eyyedzâde" dendi.
852 cumadelâhiresinin onuncu günü Merzifon'da kutbu'l-ulemâ olan Sultâniyye müderrisi Mevlânâ Şücâ'eddîn İlyâs bin Yahyâ el-Merzifônî vefât edib yerine Mevlânâ Kemâl el-Kırîmî tilmîzi Şemseddîn [220] Ahmed el-Kırîmî Sultâniyye müderrisi oldu.
853 senesinde Amasya kadısı Abdurrahmân Çelebi, zuhûr eden bir hâdise-i hukûkiyyeden dolayı ulemânın ısrârıyla azl edilip Tokâdî Cemâleddîn Yûsuf Efendi Amasya kadısı oldu. Fakat Abdurrahmân Efendi'nin hükmü kazaskerin tasvîbine iktırân eylediğinden 854 senesi muharreminde Abdurrahmân Efendi yine kadılığa intihâb edildi.
855 senesi muharreminin üçüncü günü Sultân Murâd Hân-ı Sânî Edirne'de vefât edib şehzâdeleri Sultân Mehmed Hân-ı Sânî Manîsâ'dan Edirne'ye gitdi. İkinci def'a Osmanlı tahtına cülûs etdi. Amasya'da arslan resimli mankırların darbına emr verildi. Yeniçeri ağalığından azl edilen Kazancı Doğan Bey, menfiyyen Amasya'ya geldi.
856 senesinde Amasya müftüsü olan Tokâdî Paşmakçızâde ibni Meddâs Hüsâmeddîn Hüseyin Efendi fetvâdan hacr olunup yerine meşâhîr-i ulemâdan Hatîbzâde Mevlânâ Zeyneddîn Halîl Çelebi Amasya müftüsü ve fetvâya me'zûn oldu.
857 senesi muharreminde Amasya Beylerbeyi Ağa Hızır Paşa ve Yörgüç Paşa birâderi Hızır Paşa ve sâ'ir Amasya beyleri İstanbul fethine me'mûr olduklarına binâ'en Amasya beylerbeyiliğine Tokat sancağı beyi Eretnazâde Alî Bey ta'yîn edildi.
In Modern English
He is the son of Hasan Ağa, who was sekbanbaşı in Amasya. He had gone to Sultan Murad's palace in Amasya, risen, and become janissary agha. In 848 [1444-45] he came from Edirne as beylerbeyi of Amasya. Until his arrival Memi Bey, son of Hacı Halîl Pasha, had been deputy governor. In 849 [1445-46] Turhân Bey, son of Yiğit Pasha, one of the famous Turkish beys, who had been imprisoned in the fortress of Tokat because of the known incident, was pardoned and released and came to Amasya. Together with Balabân Pasha, beylerbeyi of Tokat, he was assigned to the Morea war and went to Rumelia.
On the third day of Cemâziyelâhir 850 [1446-47] Alî Bey, son of Aydın Bey, one of the beys of Amasya, who had been assigned to the Rumelian war, endowed to his children the farms of Tayboğa Alanı and Emîr Hasan Alanı within the borders of Amasya and left.
Among the witnesses of this endowment deed, Kemâl, son of Hacı İbrâhim, and Alî, son of Mehmed of Karahisar, are noteworthy persons. The first is Kemâl Pasha, who became vizier to Sultan Bayezid II in his princely days. The second is one of the great scholars.
Ağa Hızır Pasha, beylerbeyi of Amasya, was assigned together with his wife to take to Manisa the daughter of the Dulkadiroğlu, who was to be married to Prince Sultan Mehmed, and went. In his place Süleyman Bey, son of Koca Mehmed Pasha, became acting beylerbeyi. This deputyship lasted about two months.
At the end of 851 [1447-48] Şemseddîn Mü'eyyed Çelebi of the Divriklizâdes, one of the notables and sheikh of the Yâkût Pasha Zawiya, died. His sons Abdulvâsi', Abdullah, and Alî Çelebis were also called "Mü'eyyedzâde."
On the tenth day of Cemâziyelâhir 852 [1448-49] in Merzifon Mevlânâ Şücâ'eddîn İlyâs bin Yahyâ el-Merzifônî, kutb of the scholars and professor of the Sultâniyye, died; in his place Şemseddîn Ahmed el-Kırîmî, pupil of Mevlânâ Kemâl el-Kırîmî, became professor of the Sultâniyye.
In 853 [1449-50] Abdurrahmân Çelebi, judge of Amasya, was removed from office at the insistence of the scholars because of a legal question that had arisen, and Cemâleddîn Yûsuf Efendi of Tokat became judge of Amasya in his place. But since Abdurrahmân Efendi's ruling turned out to accord with the chief military judge's approval, Abdurrahmân Efendi was elected to the judgeship again in Muharram 854 [1450-51].
When on the third day of Muharram 855 [1451-52] [3 February 1451] Sultan Murad Han II died in Edirne, his son Sultan Mehmed Han II went from Manisa to Edirne. He came to the Ottoman throne a second time. In Amasya the striking of copper coins (mankır) with a lion picture was ordered. Kazancı Doğan Bey, removed from the janissary aghalik, came to Amasya as an exile.
In 856 [1452-53] the mufti of Amasya, Paşmakçızâde İbni Meddâs Hüsâmeddîn Hüseyin Efendi of Tokat, was forbidden to give fatwas, and in his place Hatîbzâde Mevlânâ Zeyneddîn Halîl Çelebi, one of the famous scholars, became mufti of Amasya and was authorized to give fatwas.
In Muharram 857 [1453-54], since Ağa Hızır Pasha, beylerbeyi of Amasya, Hızır Pasha, brother of Yörgüç Pasha, and the other beys of Amasya were assigned to the conquest of Istanbul, Eretnazâde Alî Bey, sanjak bey of Tokat, was appointed to the beylerbeyilik of Amasya.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- sekbânbaşı: one of the senior commanders in the janissary corps
- vâlî kâ'im-makâmı: deputy governor
- vak'a-i ma'lûme: the known incident
- tezvîc: marrying off
- halîle: wife, spouse
- sudûr-ı ulemâ: foremost of the scholars
- kutbu'l-ulemâ: kutb of the scholars, the greatest scholar
- mankır: copper coin
- fetvâdan hacr: being forbidden to give fatwas
- menfiyyen: as an exile
Who Hızır Pasha Was
Hüsameddin writes that Hızır Pasha was the son of Hasan Ağa, who was sekbanbaşı in Amasya, that he went to Sultan Murad's palace, rose and became janissary agha, and that in 848 [1444-45] he came from Edirne as beylerbeyi of Amasya. No separate biographical information on this person was found in the sources we read. There are three Hızırs in the text who could be confused: the beylerbeyi of Amasya "Ağa Hızır Pasha," Hızır Pasha, brother of Yörgüç Pasha, and Hızır Bey, son of Yörgüç Pasha. It is written in the encyclopedic source that among Yörgüç Pasha's sons, Hızır and Mustafa fell martyrs at the Battle of Varna. Therefore the Hızır Pasha mentioned among those who went to the conquest of Istanbul in 857 must be the brother, not the son; this is our inference.
In footnote 569 Hüsameddin notes that the title of janissary agha has existed since the founding of the janissary corps and that the sekbanbaşı agha is another post. Hızır Pasha's passing to the beylerbeyilik of Amasya after the janissary aghalik is an example showing that military duties and governorships were interwoven in that period.
The Taking of the Dulkadiroğlu Daughter to Manisa
The most striking event in the text is the marriage of the daughter of the Dulkadiroğlu bey to Prince Mehmed. Hüsameddin places this event between the years 850-851, that is, at a date close to 1446-1448. According to another source, the wedding of Sitti Mükrime Hatun, daughter of Dulkadiroğlu Süleyman Bey, to Mehmed lasted two months in November-December 1450, and her dowry was brought to Elbistan with a cortege made up of every Ottoman governor and their wives. This detail coincides with Hüsameddin's record "the beylerbeyi of Amasya went with his wife to Manisa." That is, the event itself is confirmed, but there is a difference of three or four years in its date. The reason for this difference is not known. This marriage is narrated as part of Murad II's policy of securing an ally against the Karamanids and the Karakoyunlus. According to the same source Süleyman Bey also married one of his daughters to the Mamluk sultan.
Murad II's Death and Mehmed's Return
The date Hüsameddin gives for Murad II's death (the third of Muharram 855) agrees with the date that appears in the encyclopedic source as 3 February 1451. It is also known that Mehmed came from Manisa and came to the throne a second time. It is written in another source that Çandarlı Halil Pasha administered the state in this interval of sixteen days and, swearing allegiance to the new sultan, remained in his vizierate. The ground of the developments Hüsameddin narrates in entry 37 is here.
As for the name "Kazancı Doğan Bey" in the text, in a study narrating the Buçuktepe incident in Edirne, Kurtçu Doğan is mentioned as janissary agha and it is written that he stood on Çandarlı Halil Pasha's side. Whether this is the same person as the one Hüsameddin calls "Kazancı Doğan," and anything about his being sent to Amasya in exile, was not found in the sources we read.
The Madrasa and Zawiya Life of Amasya
The second half of the text is a record of the learned life in Amasya and Merzifon. The professors of the Sultâniyye Madrasa in Merzifon, the sheikhship of the Yâkût Pasha Zawiya, and the appointments and dismissals of Amasya's muftis and judges appear together. For most of these names no separate information was found in another source. The records are important because they come from Hüsameddin's own genealogical and endowment-deed research; for they make it possible to trace the generations in Amasya of families such as the Mü'eyyedzâdes and Muslihzâdes.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 3, p. 474–475. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Other sources