Bozokludur. Tokmak Hasan Paşa'nın oğludur. 1158 şa'bânının yirmi üçüncü günü Amasya mutasarrıfı olup baş a'yân Yeğenoğlu Ömer Bey mütesellim oldu.
Bu esnâda yirmi yedi yıl kadar Mısır'da mîrlivâ olan Amasyalı Bekir Beyzâde Hacı Osmân Bey bin Ömer Paşa Mısır'dan İstanbul'a gelip huzûr-ı hümâyûna kabûl ve taltîf [75] edilerek Bursa'ya gönderildi. Buradan da Amasya'ya geldi. Şevvâlinde sipâhîler ağası Amasyalı Hacı Bâkîoğlu Abdî Ağa bin Mustafâ Ağa ma'zûlen Amasya'ya gönderildi.
Zilka'de evâ'ilinde Amasyalı Firârî Hasan Paşazâde Abdullâh Bey vezâretle Kıbrıs vâlîsi ve zilhicce gurresinde mîrlivâ Hacı Osmân Bey'in büyük mahdûmu "Göleli" demekle meşhûr Mehmed Bey mîr-i mîrânlıkla Çorum mutasarrıfı, Amasya'ya gelen sipâhîler ağası Abdî Ağa da Amasya mütesellimi olup arefe günü şeyhu'l-ulemâ meşhûr Akdağlı Hacı Mustafâ Efendi vefât etdi.
1159 muharrem gurresinde kapıcıbaşılardan Hacı Feyzullâhoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa baş a'yân ve Sadr-ı a'zam Hasan Paşa ağalarından Amasyalı Hacı Hüseyin Ağa da İstanbul'dan gelip bâ-fermân-ı âlî şehir kethüdâsı oldu.⁷⁰⁸
Şa'bân gurresinde ordu kadısı Amasyalı Hacı Kâsımoğlu Mehmed Rızâ Efendi Amasya kadısı⁷⁰⁹ olup Müftüzâde Abdulbâkî Efendi nâ'ibi oldu. [76]
Ramazânın yirmi sekizinci günü müftü Şeyh Mustafâ Efendi fetvâdan isti'fâ eylediğinden Fîrûz Ağa müderrisi Ziyâreli Hacı Ömer Efendi Amasya müftüsü ve zilka'de gurresinde Erzincânî Sâlih Efendi Amasya nâ'ibi oldu.
In Modern English
He was from Bozok. He was the son of Tokmak Hasan Pasha. On the twenty-third day of Şaban 1158 [1745] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya; the chief notable Yeğenoğlu Ömer Bey also became mütesellim.
At this time Hacı Osman Bey bin Ömer Pasha, of the Bekir Beyzade family of Amasya, who had been a sanjak bey in Egypt for some twenty-seven years, came from Egypt to Istanbul; after being received in the sultan's presence and shown favor, he was sent to Bursa. From there he came to Amasya. In Şevval, Hacı Bâkîoğlu Abdi Ağa bin Mustafa Ağa of Amasya, the ağa of the sipahis, was sent to Amasya, having been dismissed from his post.
At the beginning of Zilkade, Abdullah Bey, a man of Amasya and son of Firârî Hasan Pasha, became governor of Cyprus with the rank of vizier. On the first day of Zilhicce, Mehmed Bey, the elder son of the sanjak bey Hacı Osman Bey, known as "Göleli," became mutasarrıf of Çorum with the rank of beylerbeyi, and the ağa of the sipahis, Abdi Ağa, who had come to Amasya, became mütesellim of Amasya. On the eve of the Feast of Sacrifice, the renowned Akdağlı Hacı Mustafa Efendi, regarded as the greatest of the ulema, died.
On the first day of Muharrem 1159 [1746], Hacı Feyzullahoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa, one of the kapıcıbaşıs, became chief notable. Hacı Hüseyin Ağa of Amasya, one of the ağas of Grand Vizier Hasan Pasha, also came from Istanbul and became city kethüda by imperial firman.
On the first day of Şaban, Hacı Kasımoğlu Mehmed Rıza Efendi of Amasya, the army judge, became kadı of Amasya, and Müftüzade Abdülbaki Efendi became his naib.
On the twenty-eighth day of Ramazan, when the mufti Şeyh Mustafa Efendi resigned from the office of fatwa, Hacı Ömer Efendi of Ziyare, professor at the Firuz Ağa Madrasa, became mufti of Amasya. On the first day of Zilkade, Salih Efendi of Erzincan became naib of Amasya.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- mîrlivâ: sanjak bey; commanders of bey rank in Egypt
- huzûr-ı hümâyûn: the presence of the sultan
- taltîf: showing favor, winning over, rewarding
- ma'zûlen: having been dismissed from office
- evâ'il: the first ten days, the beginning of a month
- vezâret: the rank of vizier
- mîr-i mîrânlık: the rank of beylerbeyi
- arefe: the day before a feast; here, the eve of the Feast of Sacrifice
- şeyhu'l-ulemâ: the foremost of the scholars
- kapıcıbaşı: head of the gatekeepers in the palace; in the provinces an important rank and title
- bâ-fermân-ı âlî: by imperial firman
- şehir kethüdâsı: the official who ran the city's affairs on behalf of the people, working with the notables
- fetvâdan isti'fâ: resigning from the muftiship
Ömer Pasha and His Father
Hüsameddin introduces this mutasarrıf as from Bozok and "the son of Tokmak Hasan Pasha." Bozok is the old name of today's Yozgat. In Paşaköy, attached to the Şefaatli district of Yozgat, there is a mosque known for its wooden decoration, built, according to its inscription, in 1187 [1773-74] by Tokmak (Çerkez) Hasan Pasha. However, the founder of this mosque had it built in the year of his appointment to a governorship, and it seems hard for him to be the father of a son who was a pasha in 1745; it is most probably another person bearing the same nickname. No information was found in other sources about Ömer Pasha of Bozok and his father.
Bekir Beyzade Hacı Osman Bey, Returned from Egypt
The most noteworthy person in the entry is Bekir Beyzade Hacı Osman Bey, who returned to his home region after serving twenty-seven years as a sanjak bey in Egypt. That the son of an Amasya family remained a sanjak bey in Egypt for more than a quarter of a century and was received by the sultan on his return shows that he gained both wealth and standing during this long service; the works he had built after returning to his home region confirm this. In Hüsameddin's later entries it is related that Osman Bey first received the sanjak of Elbasan, and then had a darülhadis and library built opposite his mansion in the Köprübaşı Quarter in Amasya, and endowed to them many properties, chiefly the Alaca Bath and the İki Kapılı Han.
Osman Keskiner, who studied the darülhadises of Amasya, records that this building in the Köprübaşı Quarter was built as a darülhadis in 1164 [1751] by "the former mîrlivâ of Egypt, Bekir Beyzade el-Hac Osman Bey of Amasya," and that its lecture hall and library were very good. After Osman Bey's death, because his son Ebubekir Pasha became mütevelli of the waqf, the building was called the "Bekir Pasha Madrasa." The madrasa was on the verge of collapse around 1883; in 1891 its front façade was demolished and, with shops built beneath and rooms above, it was repaired and has come down to the present. That Hacı Osman Bey's elder son Mehmed Bey, known as "Göleli," became mutasarrıf of Çorum with the rank of beylerbeyi shows how much standing the family enjoyed with the state right after the return from Egypt.
Firârîzade Abdullah Pasha
The person Hüsameddin calls "Abdullah Bey of Amasya, son of Firârî Hasan Pasha" is Seyyid Abdullah Pasha, who would become grand vizier two years later. According to Abdülkadir Özcan's biography, Abdullah Pasha was the son of Firârî Seyyid Hasan Pasha of Kirkuk, nicknamed "Kesici," and is therefore also called Firârîzade. Raised in the palace, he served in posts such as silahşor, kapıcıbaşı and kapıcılar kethüdası, and became grand master of the stable (mirahur) in 1738. In January 1746, with the rank of vizier of three horsetails, he was appointed governor of Cyprus, which until then had been governed by muhassıls and given exclusively to grand viziers but had at that time been turned into a province. The "early Zilkade" that Hüsameddin gives corresponds to the end of November and the beginning of December of the year 1158; the difference of a few weeks between the two records may be explained by the time the news of the appointment took to reach the provinces or by the sources resting on different documents.
There is, however, a difference on one point. While Hüsameddin regards Abdullah Pasha as a man of Amasya, the biographical sources present his father as from Kirkuk and do not speak of any tie to Amasya. In the next entry, recording the same person's grand vizierate, Hüsameddin calls him "Abdullah Pasha, famous in Amasya as Çırçırlıoğlu." Whether the family had any tie with Amasya could not be verified with other sources.
Akdağlı Hacı Mustafa Efendi
Akdağlı Mustafa Efendi, reported to have died on the eve of the Feast of Sacrifice, is one of the most respected scholars of eighteenth-century Amasya. Hüsameddin shows him as from the village of Akviran in Akdağ and uses the epithet "renowned" almost every time he mentions him; speaking of Şeyh Koca Mustafa Efendi, he says, "Akdağlı Mustafa Efendi in the Lower Market and this venerable man in the Upper Market were regarded as the pride of Amasya." Âkifzade also presents him as a devout and pious man; he relates that all the viziers whose road led to Amasya called on him and kissed his hand, while he asked nothing of them. According to Hüsameddin, he became professor at the Torumtay Madrasa in 1151 [1738-39], and in 1154 [1741], at the insistence of the ulema and the notables, accepted the muftiship of Amasya.
Eyüp Öztürk's research on him shows that Akdağlı wrote an Arabic treatise defending that smoking tobacco is forbidden, used very harsh language against tobacco smokers in this treatise, and in this respect stood intellectually close to the Kadızadeli movement. A scholar named Mehmed et-Trabzonî wrote a harsh refutation of the treatise, defending that tobacco is permissible. Among his students are the leading figures of the next generation of Amasya ulema, such as Cûî İbrahim Efendi, Hacı Süleyman Efendi nicknamed "Uzun Müderris" and Abdullah Efendi nicknamed "Uzun Müfti."
The date of death differs in the sources. Bağdatlı İsmail Pasha gives the year 1150 [1737-38] and Âkifzade 1160 [1747-48], while Hüsameddin's record in this entry corresponds to 9 Zilhicce 1158, that is, 1 or 2 January 1746. Öztürk notes that Bağdatlı's date is certainly wrong since it does not agree with other information on his life, and that there is no evidence to enable a choice between Hüsameddin and Âkifzade. Hüsameddin's record, descending to the day, is worthy of note in that it is tied to a memorable time such as the eve of the feast.
The Şehir Kethüdası Oğulları and Other Families
According to Hüsameddin's footnotes, Hacı Hüseyin Ağa, who became city kethüda in this entry, is the great ancestor of the family called Şehir Kethüdası Oğulları in Amasya; Şeyh Ârifî Mehmed Efendi, Kâmil Ahmed Efendi and Ziyaeddin Efendi became famous from this family. Hacı Kasımoğlu Mehmed Rıza Efendi, who was brought to the judgeship, is the son of the brother of Tatarağası Ömer Ağa, who had earlier served as mütesellim of Amasya. Hacı Ömer Efendi of Ziyare, brought to the muftiship, takes his name from the village of Ziyere (Ziyâre) at the foot of a mountain descending from Akdağ to the Yeşilırmak northeast of Amasya; this place is called Ziyaret today. Ömer Efendi's muftiship would be short and unlucky; because of the war-aid embezzlement told in the next entry, he would be dismissed and exiled to this village. No information was found in other sources about Yeğenoğlu Ömer Bey, Hacı Bâkîoğlu Abdi Ağa, Hacı Feyzullahoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa, Müftüzade Abdülbaki Efendi and Salih Efendi of Erzincan, named in the entry.
Bibliography
Primary sources
Academic studies
- Osman Keskiner, "Amasya Dârü'l-Hadisleri ve Kültürümüzdeki Yeri", Anadolu'da Hadis Geleneği ve Dâru'l-Hadisler Uluslararası Katılımlı Sempozyumu, ed. Muhittin Düzenli, Samsun, 2011.
- Abdülkadir Özcan, "Abdullah Paşa, Seyyid", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ek-1, 2020, https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/abdullah-pasa-seyyid
- Eyüp Öztürk, "Kadızâdeli-Halvetî Kamplaşmasında Amasyalı Bir Âlim: Akdağlı Mustafa Efendi", Uluslararası Amasya Âlimleri Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı II, Amasya, 2017, https://isamveri.org/pdfdrg/G00226/2017/2017_OZTURKE.pdf
Books
Other sources