Çorumludur. Çorum'un Alaca nâhiyesinden Mamalızâde Ömer Paşa'nın oğludur. Buna ma'nâlı bir sûretde "Alacalı Osmân Paşa" dendi. 1157 şevvâlinin altısında Amasya mutasarrıfı ve Köprü a'yânı Torun Ya'kûb Ağa Amasya mütesellimi olup geldi. Buna "Ulu Ya'kûb Ağa" da denirdi.
Ya'kûb Ağa, Köprü ahvâline vâkıf olduğundan sâbık müftü Hacı Mustafâ ile sâbık a'yân Hacı Hüseyin Ağa'yı ve mahkemeyi basıp şehîd eden kimseleri Amasya'ya celb ve tevkîf edip vak'anın tahkîkâtına başlandı.
Bu sene Amasya'nın esbak müftüsü Müftüzâde Hacı Halîl Efendi, a'yândan Kapancı Hacı Ahmed Ağa⁷⁰⁷, mevâlîden Zanalızâde Şerîf [74] Mehmed Efendi, Iydîzâde Abdurrahîm Efendi, Hızır ve Mehmed Paşalar mütevellîsi Kurdoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa ve ammizâdesi Hacı Mehmed Beyler ve yeniçeri ağası Amasyalı İsmâ'il Ağa vefât etdi.
1158 rebî'ulâhirinde sâbık baş a'yân Gürcüzâde Hacı İbrâhim Bey orduda harb ederken vefât edip mahdûmu Mustafâ Paşa mütevellî ve yeğeni Bekiroğlu Ahmed Bey alaybeyi ve Yeğenzâde Ömer Bey baş a'yân olmuşdu.
Cemâziyelâhir gurresinde Abdulfettâh Efendi Amasya kadısı olup geldi. Ancak Amasya mutasarrıfı Çakırpençeli Osmân Paşa irtikâbâtıyla halkı bîzâr ederek şikâyet edildiğinden şa'bânda azl ile Merzifon'da ikâmete me'mûr ve sonra maktûl oldu.
In Modern English
He was from Çorum. He was the son of Mamalızade Ömer Pasha of the Alaca nahiye of Çorum. For this reason he was called "Alacalı Osman Pasha," in a way that could be taken in two senses. On the sixth of Şevval 1157 [1744] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya; Torun Yakub Ağa, one of the notables of Köprü, came as mütesellim of Amasya. He was also called "Ulu Yakub Ağa."
Since Yakub Ağa knew the situation in Köprü closely, he had the former mufti Hacı Mustafa, the former notable Hacı Hüseyin Ağa and those who had raided the court and killed the kadı brought to Amasya and arrested, and an investigation of the incident began.
This year there died the former mufti of Amasya, Müftüzade Hacı Halil Efendi; Kapancı Hacı Ahmed Ağa, one of the notables; Zanalızade Şerif Mehmed Efendi and Iydîzade Abdurrahim Efendi, of the ulema of the rank of great judge; Kurdoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa, mütevelli of the waqfs of Hızır Pasha and Mehmed Pasha, together with his cousin Hacı Mehmed Bey; and the janissary agha İsmail Ağa of Amasya.
In Rebiülahir 1158 [1745], the former chief notable Gürcüzade Hacı İbrahim Bey died while fighting in the army; his son Mustafa Pasha became mütevelli of the waqf, his nephew Bekiroğlu Ahmed Bey alaybeyi, and Yeğenzade Ömer Bey chief notable.
On the first day of Cemaziyelahir, Abdülfettah Efendi came as kadı of Amasya. But since the mutasarrıf of Amasya, Çakırpençeli Osman Pasha, had wearied the people with his misappropriations and bullying and was complained about, he was dismissed in Şaban and ordered to reside in Merzifon, and was later killed.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- ma'nâlı bir sûretde: in a meaningful, allusive way
- ahvâl: circumstances, what had happened
- vâkıf olmak: to know something well
- celb: having someone brought, summoning
- tahkîkât: investigation
- mütevellî: the person who administers a waqf
- ammizâde: paternal cousin
- mahdûm: son
- irtikâbât: misappropriations, unjust gains
- bîzâr etmek: to weary, to exhaust the patience of
- ikâmete me'mûr: ordered to reside in a place, a kind of forced residence
- maktûl: put to death
The Mamalı Turkmens and Ömer Pasha
The family Hüsameddin calls Mamalızade comes from the beys of the Mamalı (Mamalu) Turkmen clans living around Bozok and Çorum. These clans had become the target of the state's settlement policy at the end of the seventeenth century. At an assembly held at Sorgun in 1696, the Mamalı clans agreed to build houses and sow grain in ruined places, to give up migrating to the highland pastures, and to guard the passes within the boundaries assigned to them; this agreement was recorded in a hüccet. Among the encampments settled are also counted "the encampments and clans attached to Ömer Bey, son of the Turgut clan bey." But an inquiry made in 1702 showed that most of the clans had abandoned their places and returned to nomadic life.
According to a local study examining the Ottoman period of Alaca, Ömer Bey, one of the beys of the Mamalı clan, appears in 1710 as sanjak bey of Çorum; Ömer Pasha held the sanjak of Çorum between 1718 and 1724 and was punished and put to death in 1724 because he engaged, together with persons of his clan, in movements that disturbed order. This information is based on Çelebizade Âsım's history, and the same study separately notes that "the son of this person, Osman Pasha, was also mutasarrıf of Amasya." Thus the genealogical information Hüsameddin gives is confirmed by the Çorum region's own historiography. It is strongly probable that the voivode of Mecidözü, "Mamalıoğlu Ömer Bey," whom Hüsameddin counts among the events of 1128 [1716], is the same person; because of its position between Çorum and Amasya, Mecidözü is a place that was from time to time attached to Amasya throughout history.
The family did not leave the stage with Ömer Pasha's death. In 1732 the voivodeship of the Mamalı Turkmens was in the hands of the Çapanoğulları, the powerful notable family of Bozok. In the 1770s, some relatives of Çapanoğlu Mustafa Bey fled his harshness and took refuge with Canikli Hacı Ali Pasha, who had spread his influence as far as Amasya, Merzifon and Vezirköprü, and Ali Pasha, at the instigation of "Mamalıoğlu Şemsî Bey" among these fugitives, had come down as far as the town of Alaca. The Mamalıoğulları remained throughout the eighteenth century a family named in the contention among notables between Çorum and Amasya. It is also recorded that the Eski Mosque in Alaca was built in 1763 by "Ömer Osman Pasha"; whether this name has any connection with our Osman Pasha or his family could not be determined.
"Alacalı" and "Çakırpençeli"
Hüsameddin says that the pasha's nickname "Alacalı" was used "in a meaningful way," that is, allusively. Alaca is the name of the pasha's home town as well as an adjective meaning "multicolored, mottled"; it is understood that the author is hinting by this wordplay at the pasha's unreliable, turncoat manner, though this is an interpretation. At the end of the entry the pasha is this time called "Çakırpençeli." Çakır is a hunting falcon; this nickname, probably attached to an administrator who sank his claws into the people's property, gains meaning when read together with the record that the pasha wearied the people with "irtikâbât." It is noteworthy that, like his father, the son also lost his life by being killed. No information was found in other sources on where and how Osman Pasha was killed.
The Continuation of the Köprü Case
In the previous entry it was related that those who raided the court of Köprü and killed the kadı were released in return for money offered to Cevher Pasha. That under the new mutasarrıf a notable of Köprü, Torun Yakub Ağa, nicknamed "Ulu," was brought to the mütesellimship is noteworthy. Since Yakub Ağa knew the inside story of the town, he had both the former mufti and the former notable arrested and restarted the investigation. That the mufti and the notable are now called "sâbık," that is, former, in the text shows that both had lost their posts after the incident. How the case ended is not found in Hüsameddin; no record of this incident was found in other sources either.
Those Who Died and the Families of Amasya
According to Hüsameddin's footnote, Kapancı Hacı Ahmed Ağa, one of the notables, is the great ancestor of the family called Kapancı Oğulları in Amasya. Iydîzade Abdurrahim Efendi belongs to the Iydîzade family, which has an important place in the scholarly life of Amasya and Merzifon. Of this family, also known as the Hacıbayramoğulları, Âkif Mustafa Efendi, who lived between 1686 and 1759, was known as "Koca Müftü," was occupied with medicine, hadith and tafsir, and was a scholar who wrote poems under the pen name Âkif. Âkifzade Abdurrahim Efendi, the author of the work called "Kitâbü'l-Mecmû'" on the ulema of Amasya, is also of this line.
The Hızır Pasha and Mehmed Pasha waqfs, of which Kurdoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa was mütevelli, are great charitable institutions of Amasya dating from the fifteenth century. The Mehmed Pasha Madrasa, which Hızır Paşazade Mehmed Pasha, one of the viziers of Bayezid II, had built in his own name in 1484, has survived to the present. The death "in the army" of the former chief notable Gürcüzade Hacı İbrahim Bey in Rebiülahir 1158 [May 1745] falls in the war years continuing with Nâdir Shah; a few months later, in August 1745, the Ottoman army would suffer a heavy defeat at Kağaverd. İbrahim Bey's son Mustafa Pasha, who became mütevelli in his place, appears again before us in later entries as governor of Ağrıboz with the rank of vizier. No information was found in other sources about Müftüzade Hacı Halil Efendi, Zanalızade Şerif Mehmed Efendi, the janissary agha İsmail Ağa and the kadı Abdülfettah Efendi, named in the entry.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, 4. Cildin Bakiyyesi, p. 649–649. amasya.bel.tr
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, 1-4. Cilt, Amasya Belediyesi e-kitap, p. 633, https://amasya.bel.tr/uploads/e-kitap/kitap/1-4/files/basic-html/page633.html
Academic studies
- İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, "Çapanoğulları", Belleten, c. 38, sayı 150, 1974, https://belleten.gov.tr/eng/full-text/1311/tur
- Tolga Öntürk, Özcan Tunçadam, "Amasyalı 'Idî-zâde Âkif Mustafa ve Divanı", Hikmet - Akademik Edebiyat Dergisi, 12, 2020, p. 259-281, https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hikmet/article/683811
- Azmi Özcan, "Nâdir Şah", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 2006, https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/nadir-sah--iran
Official sources
Books
Other sources