Hacı Şâdgeldi Paşa ahfâdından sadr-ı esbak Amasyalı İshâk Paşa bin İbrâhim Bey'in oğludur. Sultân Selîm'e Trabzon'da intisâb ederek i'timâdını kazanmışdı. 918 senesi zilhiccesinde Amasya [272] beylerbeyi oldu. Zilhiccenin yirmisinde Amasya'ya geldi.
Şâdî Paşa'nın Amasya'ya geldiği gün Amasya'da bulunan şehzâdeler, hâssaten Sultân Ahmed'in şehzâdesi Osmân Bey ihnâk edilmek sûretiyle dâr-ı cennete; Sultân Ahmed'in kızları, kadınları, câriyeleri de Bursa'ya gönderildi. Sultân Ahmed'in iki dâmâdı vardı: Nasûh Beyzâde Süleyman Bey, Sinan Paşazâde Mustafa Bey.⁵⁹⁰
Şâdî Paşa'nın vusûlünde Amasya kadılığına Yegânzâde Şemseddîn Ahmed Efendi bin Yûsuf Çelebi ve müftülüğe Yegânzâde Rükneddîn Efendi bin Mehmed Çelebi, evkâf-ı sultâniyye mütevellîliğine Fenârîzâde Zeyneddîn Mehmed Efendi ta'yîn olunup geldiler. Amasya'da şî'îlerin ve üçlerin ahvâlini tahkîke me'mûr oldular.
Amasya'nın istihlâsında büyük hizmetleri sebk eden Ahmed Paşa Trabzon beylerbeyi, Yörgüç ve Hacı Beyzâdeler mîrlivâ olup Burâk Beyzâde Hüseyin Bey Amasya alaybeyisi ve sipâhî Sofizâde Mehmed Ağa Amasya sipâhîleri ağası ya'nî kethüdâ yeri oldu.
Amasya'ya gelen kadı, müftü, mütevellî Amasya'da cereyân eden ahvâl ve fecâyi'i tahkîke me'mûr olmuşlardı. Bu hey'et günlerce tahkîkât icrâ etdiler. Yapdıkları tahkîkât evrâkını bir kitâb şeklinde doğrudan Sultân Selîm'e gönderdiler.
919 senesinde gelen fermân-ı âlîde elliden ziyâde cânîlerin ve hâssaten [273] Kutb-ı Şirvânî ile Mîr Gıyâs'ın kethüdâsı Koca Halîl'in i'dâmı, Mîr Gıyâs'ın Amasya kalesi zindânında habsi, hayli zevâtın bilâd-ı muhtelifeye i'zâmı emr edilmişdi. Kutb-ı Şirvânî ile Koca Halîl, cânîlerle beraber asıldı. Kutb-ı Tebrîzî de azl ve ihrâc edildi.
Sultân Ahmed'in şeyhi olan Gümüşlüzâde Pîr Muhyiddîn Mehmed Çelebi ile sâbık müftü ve nakîbü'l-eşrâf kâ'im-makâmı Koca Emîr İbrâhim Efendi İstanbul'a, yeğeni Hüseyin Çelebizâde Emîr Alî Efendi ile Büyük Ağa müderrisi Taşköprülü Musliheddîn Efendi Bursa'ya, Niksarlı Emîr Hüseyin Çelebi Edirne'ye, Sultân Ahmed'in mu'allimi Şemseddîn Ahmed Efendi İskilib'e, musâhibi diğer Şemseddîn Ahmed Efendi de Tire'ye, Berde'îzâde Muhyiddîn Efendi Akşehir'e i'zâm edildiler.
Sultân Ahmed'in büyük mu'allimi Hatîb Kâsımzâde Muhyiddîn Mehmed Efendi İstanbul'a gitdi. Sâbık Amasya kadısı Mü'eyyedzâde Şemseddîn Ahmed Efendi Amasya baskınında zehresi çâk olarak vefât etmişdi. Nişâncı Münîrî Efendi de tahkîkât esnâsında korkusundan vefât etdi.
Alî Bey, bu Gümüşlüzâde'nin tercemesinde "Künhü'l-Ahbâr"ında diyor ki: Şâdî Paşa'nın adamları şeyhi tutup getirmek için hânesine gelirler. Hücresinde namâz kılarken pencereden görürler. İçeri girerler fakat şeyhi göremezler. Bu hâl iki def'a tekrâr eyler. Üçüncüsünde ulu'l-emre itâ'at etmesini teklîf ederek tekrâr içeri girerler. Bu sefer görüp tutarlar, muhakkarâne Şâdî Paşa'ya [274] götürürler. O da şeyhi bağlayıp İstanbul'a i'zâm eder. Vusûlünde Yedi Kule zindânına habs olunur.
919 şevvâlinde Amasya müftüsü Yegânzâde Rükneddîn Efendi terfî'an Edirne kadısı olup yerine Bursa'da Kapluca müderrisi olan Amasyalı Hüsâmeddîn Hüseyin Efendi bin Abdurrahmân Efendi Amasya müftüsü ve Sultâniyye müderrisi olarak geldi. Buna Tokatlızâde denirdi.
920 senesi muharreminde Amasyalı Cemâlîzâde Pîrî Mehmed Çelebi baş defterdâr (mâliye nâzırı) olarak mühimmât-ı harbiyye ve zehâ'ir-i askeriyye cem' ve tedârikine me'mûren Amasya'ya geldi. Bundan sonra Anadolu'yu istîlâya azm etmiş olan Şâh İsmâ'il'e haddini bildirmek için Sultân Selîm ordusuyla beraber Sivas'a vâsıl olmuşdu. Pîrî Çelebi de Amasya'dan tedârik etdiği zehâ'ir ve mühimmâtıyla Sivas'a gitdi.
Şâdî Paşa, Alaybeyi Hüseyin Bey, Sipâhî kethüdâ yeri Mehmed Ağa Îrân harbine me'mûr oldukları cihetle kibâr-ı zu'amâdan Diyârbekirli Yiğit Ahmed Bey Amasya muhâfızı olup kaldı.
Fakat Sultân Selîm, Gökçay vak'asından ibret aldığı münâsebetle Sivas'da ordu-yı hümâyûnu güzelce yokladı. Ordu içinde kırk bin kadar bulduğu şî'aları ayıkladı. Sonra kalkıp Çaldıran sahrâsına vardı. Burada Şâh İsmâ'il'in ordusunu 920 recebinin yirmisinde târumâr edib muzafferâne Tebrîz'e girdi.
Sultân Selîm'in maksadı, büyük Türk milletinin vahdetini ihlâle [275] çalışan Îrân'ı ortadan kaldırıp Türkistân ile birleşmekdi. Hayfâ ki zehâ'irin kılleti, yeniçerilerin azgınlığı bu yüksek maksadı akîm bırakdı.
Sultân Selîm Tebrîz'den dönüp şevvâlin altıncı pazarertesi günü ordu-yı hümâyûn ile beraber Amasya'ya geldi. Mu'azzam ihtifâl ile karşılandı. Sultân Selîm'in Amasya'ya vusûlünde günlerce donanmalar, şenlikler yapıldı. Amasya zindânında mahbûs olan Mîr Gıyâseddîn Şîrâzî, Sultân Selîm'in mu'allimi olan Kastamonu fuzalâsından Mevlânâ Halîmî Çelebi'ye dehâlet ederek onun şefâ'atiyle afv ve ıtlâk edildi.
920 senesi şevvâlinin yirmi üçüncü günü, muhârebe esnâsında sebk eden büyük hizmetlerine mükâfâten baş defterdâr Pîrî Mehmed Çelebi'ye vezâret verildi. Hâlbuki vezâret, Bâyezîd-i Sânî devrinde sarâylı devşirmelere hâs bir mesned-i âlî olduğuna dâ'ir bir kânûn irâdesi alınmışdı. Pîrî Paşa'nın vezâreti bu kânûna muhâlifdi.
Sadr-ı a'zam Sinan Paşa, İstanbul kâ'im-makâmı olarak İstanbul'da bulunuyor, Dukakinzâde vezîr Ahmed Paşa ma'iyyet-i Selîm Hânî'de sadâret vazîfesini görüyordu. Pîrî Paşa'nın vezâreti Ahmed Paşa ile yeniçerilerin gayretlerine dokundu.
Yeniçerilerin ibtidâ ağaları İskender Ağa'ya, bu da nezd-i pâdişâhîde gâyet makbûl ve mu'temed olan Anadolu kazaskeri Ca'fer Çelebi'ye ve mu'allim-i sultânî Halîmî Çelebi'ye mürâca'at etdiler. Kapıcılar kethüdâsı Arnavut Ahmed Ağa idi.⁵⁹¹ İskender Ağa ile Ca'fer Çelebi, pâdişâhın [276] evâmirine karşı i'tirâz etmemelerini tenbîh ederek yeniçerileri teskîne çalışdılar.
Fakat vezîr Ahmed Paşa'nın ve kethüdâ beyin tahrîkâtıyla yeniçeriler ayaklandılar. 921 senesi muharreminin yirmi sekizinci günü Pîrî Paşa ile Ca'fer, Halîmî Çelebiler'in hâneleri yağmâ ve müntesiblerinden beş on kimseyi telef etdiler. Hayli kimseler de mecrûh oldu. O zamân bu vak'anın esbâbı bir türlü anlaşılamadı.
Sultân Selîm, bu tahrîkâtın hiss-i istirkâb ile Dukâkinzâde vezîr Ahmed Paşa tarafından olduğunu anladığı anda Ahmed Paşa'yı ve kethüdâsı Hasan Ağa'yı derhâl asdırdı. Ahmed Paşa'nın cesedi tam bir gün askıda kaldıkdan sonra indirilip Aşağı Pîrler civârında Kemâl Paşa Türbesi'ne defn edildi.
921 senesi saferinde Îrân hükümdârı Şâh İsmâ'il-i Safevî tarafından sulh ricâsına me'mûren Emîr Abdulvehhâb-ı Tebrîzî, Kadı İshâk-ı Şîrâzî, Şükrullâh-ı Mugânî, Hamza Halîfe'den mürekkeb bir hey'et-i sefâret Amasya'ya geldi. Sultân Selîm'e dehâlet ederek ricâ etdiler.
Sultân Selîm sulhu redd edib Mîr Abdulvehhâb ile Kadı İshâk'ı Amasya kalesinde habs etdi. Diğerlerini de Dimetoka kalesine i'zâm eyledi. Yeniçeri vak'asının esbâb ve ledünniyâtını anlamağa uğraşdı. Pek çok tahkîkât yapdırdı. [277]
921 senesi rebî'ulevvelinin beşinci perşembe günü Sultân Selîm Hân ordu-yı hümâyûn ile beraber Amasya'dan kalkıp Geldiklan sahrâsına gitdi. Amasya'nın erkân ve halkı mu'azzam bir teşyî' ihtifâli yapdı. Buradan kalkıp İstanbul'a gitdi.
Sultân Selîm, pek ziyâde merâkına dokunan Amasya vak'asının esbâbını ve müsebbiblerini arıyor, yeniçeri ricâl ve zâbitânını fevkalâde sıkıyordu. Ahmed Paşa'nın salben i'dâmından titreyen kethüdâ Ahmed Ağa kendisini belâdan kurtarmak, hem de göze girmek için yeniçeri ağasıyla Anadolu kazaskerine iftirâ ve birkaç hazeleyi de işhâd etdi.
921 senesi recebinin sekizinci günü huzûr-ı Selîm Hânî'ye celb edilen Ca'fer Çelebi ile İskender Ağa ufak bir müşâfeheden sonra i'dâm edildi.
Bir Türk'ün vezâreti uğrunda iki büyük recül fedâ-yı cân etdi. Bu vak'aya rağmen Türk oğlu Türk olan Mu'arrifzâde nişâncı Mehmed Paşa'ya vezâret verildi.
Bu sene evâ'ilinde Şâdî Paşa ve alaybeyi Yiğit Ahmed Bey, Diyârbekir harbine me'mûr olup gitdi. Amasya alaybeyisi olan Hacı Beyzâde Mîrzâ Bey Amasya muhâfızı ve esbak alaybeyi Burâk Beyzâde Hüseyin Bey Îrân harbinde gösterdiği yararlıklara binâ'en mîrlivâ oldu.
Amasya beylerbeyi Şâdî Paşa, Diyârbekir harbinde serdâr Bıyıklı [278] Mehmed Paşa'ya muhâlefet ve ma'iyyetiyle avdet eylediğinden derhal 921 senesi şa'bânında azl olunup İstanbul'a celb ve Yedikule zindânında kendisinin sevk etdiği Gümüşlüzâde Muhyiddîn Mehmed Çelebi'ye refîk edildi. Amasya vilâyetine Ahmed Paşa ta'yîn olundu.
In Modern English
He is the son of İshak Pasha, the former grand vizier, son of İbrahim Bey of Amasya, who was among the grandsons of Hacı Şâdgeldi Pasha. He had attached himself to Sultan Selim at Trabzon and won his trust. In Dhu al-Hijja of the year 918 he became beylerbeyi of Amasya. He arrived at Amasya on the twentieth of Dhu al-Hijja.
On the day Şâdî Pasha arrived at Amasya, the princes who were in the city, especially Osman Bey, son of Sultan Ahmed, were strangled to death; Sultan Ahmed's daughters, women and concubines were also sent to Bursa. Sultan Ahmed had two sons-in-law: Nasuh Beyzade Süleyman Bey and Sinan Paşazade Mustafa Bey.
With Şâdî Pasha's arrival, Yegânzade Şemseddin Ahmed Efendi (son of Yusuf Çelebi) was appointed to the office of kadı of Amasya, Yegânzade Rükneddin Efendi (son of Mehmed Çelebi) to the office of mufti, and Fenârîzade Zeyneddin Mehmed Efendi to the stewardship of the sultan's waqfs, and they came. They were charged with investigating the situation of the Shiites and "the Three" at Amasya.
Ahmed Pasha, who had rendered great services in the deliverance of Amasya, became beylerbeyi of Trabzon; the Yörgüç and Hacı Beyzades became mirliva (sanjak bey); Burâk Beyzade Hüseyin Bey became alaybeyi of Amasya, and the sipahi Sofizade Mehmed Ağa became ağa of the sipahis of Amasya, that is, in the place of kethüda.
The kadı, mufti and steward who came to Amasya were charged with investigating the events and evils that had taken place at Amasya. This commission conducted its inquiry for days. They sent the inquiry documents they had prepared, in the form of a book, directly to Sultan Selim.
In the exalted decree that arrived in 919, it was ordered that more than fifty culprits, and in particular Kutb-ı Şirvânî and Koca Halil, the kethüda of Mîr Gıyâs, be executed, that Mîr Gıyâs be shut in the dungeon of the fortress of Amasya, and that many persons be exiled to various countries. Kutb-ı Şirvânî and Koca Halil were hanged together with the culprits. Kutb-ı Tebrîzî was also removed from his post and exiled.
Sultan Ahmed's sheikh, Gümüşlüzade Pîr Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi, and the former mufti and deputy of the nakîbüleşrâf, Koca Emîr İbrahim Efendi, were exiled to Istanbul; his nephew Hüseyin Çelebizade Emîr Ali Efendi and the professor of the Büyük Ağa Madrasa, Taşköprülü Musliheddin Efendi, to Bursa; Niksarlı Emîr Hüseyin Çelebi to Edirne; Sultan Ahmed's teacher Şemseddin Ahmed Efendi to İskilip; the other Şemseddin Ahmed Efendi, who was a companion in conversation, to Tire; and Berdeîzade Muhyiddin Efendi to Akşehir.
Sultan Ahmed's chief teacher, Hatîb Kâsımzade Muhyiddin Mehmed Efendi, went to Istanbul. The former kadı of Amasya, Mü'eyyedzade Şemseddin Ahmed Efendi, had died, his gall bladder having burst in the raid on Amasya. The chancellor Münîrî Efendi also died of fear during the inquiry.
Ali Bey, in the biography of this Gümüşlüzade in his work "Künhü'l-Ahbâr," says the following: Şâdî Pasha's men come to the sheikh's house to seize him and bring him. They see him through the window as he is praying in his cell. They go in but cannot see the sheikh. This happens twice. The third time they go in again to propose that he obey the authorities. This time they see him and seize him, and take him to Şâdî Pasha in a humiliating manner. He has the sheikh bound and sends him to Istanbul. On arrival the sheikh is shut in the dungeon of Yedikule.
In Shawwal 919 the mufti of Amasya, Yegânzade Rükneddin Efendi, was promoted and became kadı of Edirne; in his place Hüsameddin Hüseyin Efendi (son of Abdurrahman Efendi) of Amasya, who was the madrasa professor of the Kaplıca at Bursa, came as mufti of Amasya and madrasa professor of the Sultâniyye. He was called Tokatlızade.
In Muharram 920, Cemâlîzade Pîrî Mehmed Çelebi of Amasya came to Amasya, charged as chief defterdar (minister of finance) with collecting and preparing war matériel and army provisions. After this, Sultan Selim, to put Shah İsmail, who had undertaken to invade Anatolia, in his place, had reached Sivas with his army. Pîrî Çelebi also went to Sivas with the provisions and matériel he had collected from Amasya.
Since Şâdî Pasha, Alaybeyi Hüseyin Bey and the sipahi kethüda Mehmed Ağa were assigned to the Iranian war, Yiğit Ahmed Bey of Diyarbekir, one of the great beys, remained as guardian of Amasya.
However, because Sultan Selim had learned a lesson from the Gökçay affair, at Sivas he subjected the imperial army to a thorough inspection. He found some forty thousand Shiites within the army and weeded them out. Then he set out and reached the plain of Çaldıran. Here on the twentieth of Rajab 920 he utterly routed Shah İsmail's army and entered Tabriz in victory.
Sultan Selim's aim was to eliminate Iran, which was trying to break the unity of the great Turkish nation, and to unite with Turkestan. It is a pity that the scarcity of provisions and the unruliness of the Janissaries left this lofty aim without result.
Sultan Selim, returning from Tabriz, came to Amasya with the imperial army on the sixth Monday of Shawwal. He was received with a great ceremony. On Sultan Selim's arrival at Amasya, illuminations and festivities were held for days. Mîr Gıyâseddin-i Şîrâzî, who was held prisoner in the dungeon of Amasya, took refuge with Mevlânâ Halîmî Çelebi, one of the scholars of Kastamonu who was Sultan Selim's teacher, and through his mediation was pardoned and set free.
On the twenty-third day of Shawwal of the year 920, the chief defterdar Pîrî Mehmed Çelebi was given the vizierate as a reward for the great services he rendered during the war. Yet a decree of the will had been obtained, to the effect that the vizierate was a high office reserved for palace devshirme recruits in the time of Bayezid II. Pîrî Pasha's vizierate was contrary to this law.
Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha was in Istanbul as deputy of Istanbul, while the vizier Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha was performing the duties of grand vizier alongside Sultan Selim. Pîrî Pasha's vizierate touched the pride of Ahmed Pasha and the Janissaries.
The Janissaries first applied to their ağa İskender Ağa, who in turn applied to Cafer Çelebi, the kazasker of Anatolia, who was much accepted and trusted by the sultan, and to the sultan's teacher Halîmî Çelebi. The kethüda of the gatekeepers was Ahmed Ağa the Albanian. İskender Ağa and Cafer Çelebi tried to calm the Janissaries by warning them not to oppose the sultan's orders.
But at the instigation of the vizier Ahmed Pasha and the kethüda bey, the Janissaries rose. On the twenty-eighth day of Muharram of the year 921 they plundered the houses of Pîrî Pasha and of Cafer and Halîmî Çelebis, and killed five or ten of the people attached to them. Many people were also wounded. At that time the causes of this event could in no way be understood.
The moment Sultan Selim understood that this incitement had been carried out, on suspicion, by the vizier Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha, he at once had Ahmed Pasha and his kethüda Hasan Ağa hanged. Ahmed Pasha's body, after remaining hanging for a full day, was taken down and buried in the Kemal Pasha Tomb in the neighborhood of Aşağı Pîrler.
In Safar of the year 921 an embassy composed of Emîr Abdulvehhâb-ı Tebrîzî, Kadı İshak-ı Şîrâzî, Şükrullah-ı Mugânî and Hamza Halife came to Amasya from the ruler of Iran, Shah İsmail the Safavid, to ask for peace. They applied to Sultan Selim and made their plea.
Sultan Selim rejected the peace and imprisoned Mîr Abdulvehhâb and Kadı İshak in the fortress of Amasya. The others he exiled to the fortress of Dimetoka. He tried to understand the causes and the inner story of the Janissary affair. He had many inquiries made.
On the fifth Thursday of the month of Rabi' al-Awwal of the year 921, Sultan Selim Khan set out from Amasya with the imperial army and went to the plain of Geldiklan. The notables and the people of Amasya held a great send-off ceremony. Setting out from there, he went to Istanbul.
Sultan Selim was seeking the causes and those responsible for the Amasya affair, which aroused his great curiosity, and was pressing the Janissary leaders and officers extremely hard. Kethüda Ahmed Ağa, trembling at Ahmed Pasha's being hanged, in order to save himself from calamity and to curry favor, slandered the ağa of the Janissaries and the kazasker of Anatolia, and presented a few base persons as witnesses.
Cafer Çelebi and İskender Ağa, summoned before Selim Khan on the eighth day of Rajab of the year 921, were executed after a short conversation.
For the vizierate of a Turk, two great men sacrificed their lives. Despite this event, the vizierate was given to Muarrifzade the chancellor Mehmed Pasha, a Turk born of Turks.
At the beginning of this year Şâdî Pasha and the alaybeyi Yiğit Ahmed Bey were assigned to the Diyarbekir war and went. Hacı Beyzade Mirza Bey, who was alaybeyi of Amasya, became guardian of Amasya; the former alaybeyi Burâk Beyzade Hüseyin Bey became mirliva for his services in the Iranian war.
Şâdî Pasha, the beylerbeyi of Amasya, opposed the commander Bıyıklı Mehmed Pasha in the Diyarbekir war and returned with his retinue. For this reason he was at once dismissed in Sha'ban of the year 921, summoned to Istanbul, and made a companion, in the dungeon of Yedikule, to Gümüşlüzade Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi, whom he himself had sent there. Ahmed Pasha was appointed to the governorship of Amasya.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- ahfâd: grandsons, descendants
- sadr-ı esbak: former grand vizier
- intisâb: attaching oneself, entering someone's service
- ihnâk: strangling
- tahkîk, tahkîkât: inquiry
- evkâf-ı sultâniyye mütevellîsi: the administrator of the sultan's waqfs
- mîrlivâ: sanjak bey
- alaybeyi: the commander of a company of timar-holding sipahis
- kethüdâ yeri: the senior officer of the sipahis, steward
- habs, i'zâm: imprisoning, sending into exile
- azl: dismissal from office
- nakîbü'l-eşrâf: the head of the sayyids (descendants of the Prophet)
- cânî: culprit, murderer
- mukâvemet, teşyî': resisting, sending off
- mahbûs: prisoner
Who Is Şâdî Pasha
Hüsameddin presents Şâdî Pasha as the son of İshak Pasha, the former grand vizier. The scholarly entry on İshak Pasha notes that several İshak Pashas who lived in the same period are often confused in the sources. According to the same entry, the İshak Pasha Hüsameddin speaks of is İshak Pasha son of İbrahim, from an old Turkish family; of his sons Pîrî Bey served as defterdar of Prince Bayezid, and another son, Şâdî Bey, became defterdar to Şehinşah, son of Bayezid II, from 1504. If this Şâdî Bey is assumed to be the same as Şâdî Pasha, the beylerbeyi of Amasya, it appears that the pasha entered state service through register and financial affairs; however, the sources I read do not state this identity explicitly.
According to the encyclopedia entry narrating the Battle of Çaldıran, Şâdî Pasha commanded the rear forces of the army in the pitched battle of 23 August 1514. The text says that Şâdî Pasha was not at Amasya at that time but was "assigned to the Iranian war"; the two pieces of information are consistent with each other.
The Inquiry at Amasya
The commission of kadı, mufti and steward that Hüsameddin reports is also mentioned, in an article on the Kızılbaş inspection of Yavuz Sultan Selim's time, as one of the rare examples showing how the preliminary inquiry made to identify Safavid sympathizers worked. The article's author writes that Hüsameddin does not state from what source he took this information and that care must therefore be taken over the accuracy of the details, but that, as far as can be understood, the commission formed under Şâdî Pasha's supervision prepared a report and sent it to Istanbul.
The phrase "the Three" in the text appears to be a name Hüsameddin uses for the secret circle sympathetic to Shah İsmail. The names Kutb and Gıyâs are mentioned together with this circle. No definite definition of this name was found in the sources I read; the interpretation is drawn from the text.
Amasya After the Battle
That Sultan Selim was at Amasya on his return from Çaldıran, that he did not receive the embassy that came from Shah İsmail at that time, and that he later had the Janissary uprisings investigated and some statesmen executed is also confirmed by the Çaldıran entry; among those executed the kazasker Tâcîzade Cafer Çelebi is mentioned. According to the same entry, Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha was dismissed at Amasya, then, when it was found that he had corresponded with the Dulkadiroğlu, was wounded by Selim's own hand and afterward killed on his order. Hüsameddin, however, writes that Ahmed Pasha was hanged. Some sources give 4 March 1515 as the date of death; this falls at the end of Muharram 921 of Hüsameddin. In place and time the two accounts agree; they differ in the manner of death.
For Pîrî Mehmed Pasha, Hüsameddin writes that the vizierate was given on the twenty-third of Shawwal 920. The encyclopedia entry on this pasha gives the date of his elevation to the vizierate as 25 Sha'ban 920 (15 October 1514). According to the entry, Pîrî Mehmed Pasha, whose house was plundered in the Janissary uprising at Amasya, was removed from the vizierate after the return to Istanbul on grounds of negligence found in the inquiry, and his office was returned to him immediately afterward (12 Rajab 921, 22 August 1515). It is also learned from the same source that in his youth the pasha served as a scribe at the Amasya court (896/1491) and that his father was a Halveti sheikh at Amasya. Pîrî Mehmed Pasha later rose to the grand vizierate (13 Muharram 924, 25 January 1518).
A Caution About Numbers
Hüsameddin writes that at Sivas Sultan Selim weeded "some forty thousand" Shiites out of the army. In the article examining the Kızılbaş inspection it is said that in some sources forty thousand Kızılbaş were killed in Anatolia, while in others some were killed and some imprisoned or exiled; that these figures stem from the historiography of the period and therefore should be treated with caution.
Şâdî Pasha's Dismissal
The information that during the siege of Diyarbekir a force of about five thousand coming from Amasya joined the army at Kiğı, that the Safavid commander Kara Han, who was maintaining the siege, withdrew in September 1515, and that after this six sanjak beys together with Şâdî Pasha were dismissed and imprisoned, is found in an entry narrating the life of Bıyıklı Mehmed Pasha. Hüsameddin also writes that Şâdî Pasha was dismissed in Sha'ban 921 for opposing the commander Bıyıklı Mehmed Pasha; the two accounts agree. The details of Şâdî Pasha's second beylerbeyilik and his move to Sivas are in the following entries.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 3, pp. 494–496. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Other sources