Lâdiklidir. Orada müftü Niğdeli Şerîf Efendizâde es-Seyyid Mehmed Efendi’nin mahdûmudur. Amasya’da Ürgüplü el-Hâc Ahmed ve Çelebizâde Fâzıl el-Hâc Hüseyin Efendilerden [202] ikmâl-i tahsîl edib avdetle ders-i âm ve 1200’de pederinin vefâtıyla mahlûlünden Şeyhülislâm Mehmed Efendi Medresesi müderrisi oldu. Ba’dehû Lâdik müftüsü olduğu hâlde 1231 senesi hudûdunda vefât etdi. Âlim, vecîh, kâmil bir zât idi. “Çelebi Müftü” demekle meşhûrdur.
Diğer Mengülcüzâde el-Hâc İbrâhim Efendi bin el-Hâc Ali de Amasya ulemâsından olup Ürgüplü el-Hâc Ahmed Efendi talebesindendir. Bir müddet ders-i âm ve ba’dehû Meydan Köprübaşında kâin Emîr Musliheddîn el-Hâc Kutluşâh Câmii vâ’izi oldu. 1232’de vefât etdi. Mahdûmları Ebûbekir, Mehmed, Yahyâ Efendilerdir. Yahyâ Efendi, Amasya Müftüsü olmuşdu.
In Modern English
He is from Lâdik. He is the son of Niğdeli Şerîf Efendizâde Seyyid Mehmed Efendi, mufti of that place. He completed his studies in Amasya under Ürgüplü Hacı Ahmed and Çelebizâde Fâzıl Hacı Hüseyin Efendis; returning to his hometown he became a ders-i âm, and in 1200 [1785-86], on the death of his father, he took the vacated post of professor at the Madrasa of Şeyhülislam Mehmed Efendi. Later, while mufti of Lâdik, he died around 1231 [1815-16]. He was a learned, respected and mature man. He is known as "Çelebi Müftü".
Another, Mengülcüzâde Hacı İbrâhim Efendi bin Hacı Ali, was also among the ulema of Amasya and was one of the students of Ürgüplü Hacı Ahmed Efendi. For a time he served as ders-i âm, and then became preacher of the Emîr Musliheddîn Hacı Kutluşâh Mosque, located at Meydan Köprübaşı. He died in 1232 [1816-17]. His sons are Ebûbekir, Mehmed and Yahyâ Efendis. Yahyâ Efendi had been mufti of Amasya.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- mahdûm: son
- ikmâl-i tahsîl: completing one's studies
- avdet: return
- ders-i âm: a madrasa professor who gives lectures open to the public
- mahlûl: a post left vacant by its holder's death
- hudûd: here in the sense of "around, about"
- vecîh: respected, esteemed; kâmil: mature
- kâin: situated
- vâ'iz: the official who gives sermons in a mosque
Lâdik and Şeyhülislam Mehmed Efendi
Lâdik is today a district of Samsun province; in the Ottoman period it was a district (kaza) attached to the sanjak of Amasya. The founder of the "Madrasa of Şeyhülislam Mehmed Efendi" named in the entry is not explained by Hüsameddin. A şeyhülislam born in Lâdik is known. According to the information given by Tahsin Özcan, Mehmed Efendi, called "imâm-ı sultânî" because he served as imam to Mehmed IV, was born in the district of Lâdik, which at that time was attached to the sanjak of Amasya; after serving as madrasa professor in various madrasas, as kadı of Istanbul and as kazasker of Rumelia, he became şeyhülislam on 4 Shaban 1106 [20 March 1695]. Because Mustafa II wished to bring his own teacher Feyzullah Efendi to this post, he was dismissed two months and six days later; during the Edirne Incident of 1703 the Janissaries made him şeyhülislam a second time; five months later he was removed from office by Ahmed III and sent to Bursa, where he taught and died in Safar 1141 [September 1728]. It is highly probable that the madrasa in Lâdik bore the name of this şeyhülislam; but since no record of the madrasa itself was found in the sources read, this link remains a guess.
The subject of the entry is the son of a father who served as mufti in Lâdik, took his father's professorship on his death, and then himself became mufti of Lâdik. Thus muftiship and professorship in a district are seen continuing within the same family. The family's "Niğdeli" nisba suggests that the line originally came from Niğde; no other information was found on this.
The Students of Ürgüplü Hacı Ahmed Efendi
The common teacher of the two scholars in the entry is Ürgüplü Hacı Ahmed Efendi. In entries 226 and 228 of this volume too, those who received the ijaza from the same teacher are described. According to what Mehmet Uyar relates, Ürgüplü Ahmed Efendi was one of the famous scholars of Amasya; he taught works such as the Sahih al-Bukhari, the Baydawi commentary, the Dürer and the Mutavvel, and gave his students the ijaza in exegesis, hadith, principles and the branches of law. Hicâbî Abdülbâki Efendi, active as a preacher in the town of Ziyaret, was also his student. Reading these entries together, one clearly sees the existence of a teaching circle that, in the last quarter of the eighteenth century, trained muftis and madrasa professors for surrounding towns such as Amasya, Lâdik and Erzincan.
Meydan Köprübaşı and the Kutluşâh Mosque
The mosque where Mengülcüzâde Hacı İbrâhim Efendi was preacher was, according to Hüsameddin, at Meydan Köprübaşı. The Meydan Bridge is the bridge known today as the İstasyon Bridge, which at the end of Ziya Paşa Boulevard joins the İstasyon quarter and the Hacı İlyas quarter. At this point the first bridge was built in 1145 by the Seljuk Sultan Mesud I; on the remains of this structure, which was destroyed by earthquakes and floods, the present bridge was built in the 1370s by Şadgeldi Pasha, the emir of Amasya. Since the bridge falls in front of the great gate of the Amasya Citadel called the Meydan Gate, it took the name Meydan Bridge; it was badly damaged in the flood of 1824 and repaired in 1828.
The name Kutluşâh in the mosque's name ties to Amasya's fourteenth-century history. Şadgeldi Pasha, emir of Amasya, is the second son of Hacı Kutluşâh and was made emir of Amasya by his father in 1359. Whether the founder of the mosque, whom Hüsameddin calls "Emîr Musliheddîn el-Hâc Kutluşâh", is the same person as this Hacı Kutluşâh is not stated in the sources read; no information was found on whether the mosque stands today. No information was found in other sources about Çelebizâde Fâzıl Hacı Hüseyin Efendi, the Mengülcüzâde family, or Yahyâ Efendi, who was mufti of Amasya.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 70. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- Tahsin Özcan, "Mehmed Efendi, İmâm-ı Sultânî", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 28, 2003 (islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/mehmed-efendi-imam-i-sultani).
Official sources
- T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Kültür Portalı, "İstasyon (Meydan) Köprüsü" (kulturportali.gov.tr).
- Lâdik Belediyesi, "Tarihçesi" (ladik.bel.tr).
Books
- Mehmet Uyar, "Hicâbî, Abdülbâki Gül Baba", Türk Edebiyatı İsimler Sözlüğü, 2014 (teis.yesevi.edu.tr).
Other sources
- "Shadgeldi" entry, English-language general encyclopedia record (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadgeldi).