AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · İKİNCİ BÂB · BİRİNCİ FASIL

İshak Bey — Fağfûr Paşazâde

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 7, p. 284 • Edited by: Prof. Dr. Safi ARPAGUŞ- Prof. Dr. Ahmet Hakkı TURABİ

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Amasya ümerâsından Abdullah Bey bin Ali Bey bin Fağfûr Paşa [69] bin Ali Bey’in mahdûmudur. Amasya Vâlisi Şehzâde Sultân Ahmed ma’iyyet-i ümerâsından olup 917’de Şîa muhârebesinde şehîden vefât etdi. Niksar beyi idi. Oğulları Mehmed, Ali, Hasan Beylerdir.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was the son of Abdullah Bey, one of the commanders of Amasya; Abdullah Bey was the son of Ali Bey, Ali Bey was the son of Fağfur Pasha, and Fağfur Pasha was the son of Ali Bey. He belonged to the retinue of commanders of Prince Sultan Ahmed, governor of Amasya, and died a martyr in 917 [1511-12] in the war against the Shiites. He was bey of Niksar. His sons are Mehmed, Ali and Hasan Beys.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • ümerâ: emirs, beys; senior administrators and commanders
  • mahdûm: son
  • ma'iyyet: the body of officials in the service and retinue of a superior
  • Şîa muhârebesi: a war fought against Shiite (Kızılbaş) groups
  • şehîden vefât: to die as a martyr
  • Niksar beyi: the governor of the Niksar district

Which War Is the "Shiite War"

Hüsameddin names neither the place nor the war, only the year 917. The greatest pro-Shiite, pro-Safavid movement in Anatolia in those years was the Şahkulu rebellion, which broke out in the Teke region. The revolt began around Antalya in the spring of 1511, reached as far as Kütahya, and shook the state seriously by killing the Beylerbeyi of Anatolia, Karagöz Ahmed Pasha. Bayezid II charged the grand vizier Hadım Ali Pasha and his eldest son, Prince Ahmed, with putting it down. Ali Pasha set out with four thousand Janissaries and four thousand men of the Porte, met Prince Ahmed at Altıntaş, and reached Kızılkaya on 15 June 1511. Şahkulu withdrew towards Karaman; after a fast pursuit of fourteen days, Ali Pasha caught up with him near Sivas, at a place called Çubuk.

According to the report Prince Ahmed sent to the capital, the battle took place on 2 July 1511, and Ali Pasha died together with a hundred and seventy musketeer Janissaries. One document also records that the sipahis of Rum (Amasya-Tokat) kept away from the fighting. Prince Ahmed was one of the commanders on this campaign, and the beys in his retinue would be expected to have been with him. However, since no record was found of the engagement in which İshak Bey died, the idea that he died during the Şahkulu rebellion is an inference, not a verified fact.

Prince Ahmed and the Beys of Amasya

Prince Ahmed, one of Bayezid II's elder sons, served as governor of Amasya. Although there was no official designation, he was regarded as heir to the throne in his father's last years and enjoyed the support of the grand vizier Hadım Ali Pasha. After his father's death he lost the struggle for the throne against Yavuz Sultan Selim on the plain of Yenişehir on 15 April 1513, and was captured and killed. Two other İshak Beys in the same pages of this volume are among those who left Ahmed's retinue and took refuge with Selim.

Niksar and Fağfur Pasha

No record was found in other sources, in the searches made, of the Fağfur Pasha named in this entry or of İshak Bey's governorship of Niksar. The name of Fağfur Pasha is mentioned, together with a foundation in Amasya, in another entry of the book in this volume. For this reason the generations of the family and İshak Bey's years of service rest only on the information Hüsameddin gives; no source was found for the later lives of his sons Mehmed, Ali and Hasan Beys either.

Şahkulu's Rise and End

Şahkulu had declared himself the Mahdi; his followers saw him as the awaited savior. In March 1511 he plundered the tents of Prince Korkut outside Antalya, and on 22 April 1511 he defeated and had killed the Beylerbeyi of Anatolia, Karagöz Ahmed Pasha, outside Kütahya. The sources write that he did not intend to march on Bursa and that, after routing the Ottoman forces at Alaşehir, he turned back towards Antalya. His end is uncertain: one source says he was killed by an arrow in battle, another that he took refuge with Shah Ismail. The Teke sipahis and Turkmen who took part in the revolt were afterwards taken into the Shah's army. In addition, before the Battle of Çaldıran, Selim had about forty thousand Kızılbaş close to Shah Ismail identified in Anatolia.

Bibliography

Primary sources

  • Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 284–284. amasya.bel.tr

Academic studies

Other sources

Volume 7 contents

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