Amasya meşâyıh-ı kirâmından ve Gümüşlüzâde hânedânından Abdurrahman Çelebi bin Sofu Üveys Çelebi bin Pîr Celâleddîn Abdurrahmân Çelebi bin Pîr Hüsâmeddîn Hüseyin Çelebi bin Hazret-i Pîr İlyâs Halvetî mahdûm-ı güzînidir.
Molla Bahşî Çelebi telâmizesinden ve hulefâ-yı Halvetiyyeden Hakalalı es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Muhyiddîn Mehmed Çelebi hizmetinde tahsîl-i ilm ü marifet ve ondan ihrâz-ı hilâfet edib, ceddînin türbesi ve vakfına mütevellî ve türbedârı ve Gümüşlü Zâviyesi Şeyhi olduğu halde 983 senesi hudûdunda vefât etdi. Meşâyıh-ı sûfiyyeden âlim, müttakî’ bir pîr-i sâlih idi. Mahdûmu eş-Şeyh İzzeddîn Hasan Efendi meşhûrdur.
In Modern English
He was the distinguished son of Abdurrahman Çelebi, one of the esteemed shaykhs of Amasya and of the Gümüşlüzâde family. Abdurrahman Çelebi was the son of Sofu Üveys Çelebi, son of Pîr Celâleddin Abdurrahman Çelebi, son of Pîr Hüsâmeddin Hüseyin Çelebi, son of His Holiness Pîr İlyas Halvetî.
He acquired learning and knowledge in the service of Hakalalı es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi, one of the students of Molla Bahşî Çelebi and one of the Halvetî khalifas, and received a khalifate from him. While trustee and tomb keeper of his grandfather's tomb and waqf, and also shaykh of the Gümüşlü Zaviye, he died around 983 [1575-76]. He was a pir among the Sufi shaykhs, a scholar, pious and righteous. His son eş-Şeyh İzzeddin Hasan Efendi is famous.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- meşâyıh-ı kirâm: esteemed shaykhs
- mahdûm-ı güzîn: distinguished son
- telâmize: students
- hulefâ: khalifas; disciples whom a shaykh has authorised to guide in his place
- ihrâz-ı hilâfet: obtaining a khalifate
- türbedâr: the person in charge of the upkeep of a tomb
- zâviye: a small lodge where a tariqa shaykh sits and trains his disciples and which also lodges travellers
- müttakî: pious, God-fearing
- pîr-i sâlih: a righteous, good elder shaykh
The Gümüşlüoğlu Lodge and Pîr İlyas
The Gümüşlü Zaviye, of which Ahmed Efendi was shaykh, is the first lodge in Amasya to begin activity as belonging to the Halvetiyye. Pîr Şücâeddin İlyas, who brought Halvetism to Amasya, returned to the city in 1406 upon Timur's death; his relative Hâce Celal Çelebi, a year after the shaykh's coming, had the Gümüşlüoğlu Lodge built and gave it to the tariqa's use. The family's name "Gümüşlüoğlu" is tied to their having come originally from the Gümüş district of Amasya. In the list of shaykhs given by Kadir Özköse, those who took the head of the lodge after Pîr İlyas are listed as Gümüşlüzâde Celal Çelebi, Pîr Hayreddin Hızır Çelebi, Gümüşlüzâde Sofu Üveys Çelebi, Gümüşlüzâde Muhyiddin Mehmed Halvetî, Abdurrahman Çelebi and Hacı Ahmed Çelebi. This sequence agrees with the genealogy Hüsameddin gives for Ahmed Efendi: Sofu Üveys Çelebi is his grandfather, Abdurrahman Çelebi his father.
Only a difference of date stands out. In Özköse's list the year 1585 is written beside Hacı Ahmed Çelebi; Hüsameddin, however, says Ahmed Efendi died around 983, that is, 1575-76. It is not clear whether the year in the list is a death date or a year in which the shaykh is seen in the records. It should be kept in mind that Hüsameddin also says "hudûdunda," that is, "around," and gives no exact date.
The tomb of his grandfather, of which Ahmed Efendi was trustee and tomb keeper, is the Pîr Şücâeddin İlyas Tomb that stands today in Pirler Park. The building, also known as the Upper Pirler Tomb, was built in 1486 by Gümüşlüzâde Ahmed Bey; besides Pîr İlyas, his son-in-law Pîr Celâleddin Abdurrahman, his grandson Pîr Hayreddin Hızır Çelebi and their family members lie in it. The tomb, rebuilt in 1688 by Gümüşlüzâde İbrahim Pasha, was destroyed in the earthquake of 1895 and later rebuilt, taking its present form. Local records mention Pîr Celâleddin Abdurrahman as the son-in-law of Pîr İlyas; in Hüsameddin's genealogy, however, Abdurrahman appears as Pîr İlyas's grandson. Since there is more than one Abdurrahman Çelebi in the family, it is possible that this difference arose from a mixing of names.
His Teacher and His Chain
Ahmed Efendi's shaykh Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi is a student of Molla Bahşî. Molla Bahşî, also known as "Akbilek," was born in the village of Kızılca in Amasya, returned to Amasya after taking lessons in the Hijaz from scholars such as Suyuti, Zakariyya al-Ansari and Sakhawi, and taught here for nearly forty years. Kemalpaşazâde (Ibn Kemal), one of the greatest scholars of the Ottomans, read tafsir and hadith with him. Bahşî Halife was a disciple of Muhyiddin b. Muhammed, khalifa of Cemâl Halvetî, and died in 930 (1524). Hakala, the nisba of Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi, is today the village of Yolpınar, attached to Suluova.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 146–146. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Official sources