Amasyalıdır. Bekir Beyzâde Hacı Osmân Bey'in oğludur. 1166 şevvâlinin altıncı günü ikinci def'a Amasya mutasarrıfı oldu. Vusûlüne kadar kethüdâsı Keyvân Oğulları'ndan Rüstem Ağa'yı Amasya mütesellimi nasb edip gönderdi. Sonra kendisi de geldi.
Ebûbekir Paşa, geldiğinden birkaç gün sonra bir bakâyâ meclisi kurup hesâb işlerine vâkıf kimseleri a'zâ yapdı. Amasya sancağında vâki' bakâyâ ve Zaralıoğlu Mehmed Paşa'nın mikdâr-ı zimmeti tedkîk ve tesbît edilerek netîcesini bâb-ı âlîye arz edip zilhiccede harbe me'mûren Rûmeli'ne gitdi. Rahtuvân Paşazâde Hacı Alî Bey bin Hacı Ahmed Bey'i mütesellim nasb etdi. Ebûbekir Paşa'nın pederi Hacı Osmân Bey bu yıl vefât etdi.
1167 muharreminde kapıcıbaşılardan Yeğenoğlu Ömer Bey baş a'yân ve Hacı Efendioğlu Hacı Ahmed Ağa hacıbaşı olup imdâd-ı seferî i'âneleri toplandı. Safer ibtidâsında Merzifônî Hazînedâroğlu Mehmed Efendi Amasya kadısı olup geldi. Mutasarrıf Ebûbekir Paşa da Köstendil mutasarrıfı oldu. [88]
In Modern English
He is a native of Amasya. He is the son of Bekir Beyzâde Hacı Osman Bey. On the sixth day of Şevval 1166 [August 1753] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya for the second time. Until he himself arrived, he appointed and sent his kethüda, Rüstem Ağa of the Keyvanoğulları, as mütesellim of Amasya. Then he came himself.
A few days after Ebubekir Pasha arrived, he set up an arrears council (bakaya meclisi) and made persons who knew accounting members of it. The accumulated unpaid taxes in the sanjak of Amasya and the amount of money embezzled by Zaralıoğlu Mehmed Pasha were examined and determined; after the pasha reported the result to the Porte, in Zilhicce [September-October 1753] he went to Rumelia on a war assignment. In his place he appointed Rahtuvan Paşazâde Hacı Ali Bey bin Hacı Ahmed Bey as mütesellim. Ebubekir Pasha's father, Hacı Osman Bey, died this year.
In Muharrem 1167 [October-November 1753], Yeğenoğlu Ömer Bey, one of the kapıcıbaşıs, became chief notable and Hacı Efendioğlu Hacı Ahmed Ağa became hacıbaşı, and the aid taxes demanded for the campaign were collected. At the beginning of Safer [November-December 1753], Hazinedaroğlu Mehmed Efendi of Merzifon came as kadı of Amasya. The mutasarrıf Ebubekir Pasha also became mutasarrıf of Köstendil.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- vusûl: arrival, reaching a place
- kethüdâ: a pasha's assistant who ran his affairs, his steward
- bakâyâ: unpaid, accumulated tax debts
- a'zâ: members
- vâki': existing, occurring
- mikdâr-ı zimmet: the amount of the embezzled money
- tedkîk ve tesbît: examination and determination
- arz etmek: to report to a higher authority
- harbe me'mûren: assigned to the war
- baş a'yân: head of the city's leading men, representative of the local people
- hacıbaşı: head of the city's body of pilgrims
- imdâd-ı seferî i'âneleri: aid taxes collected from the people for war expenses
- ibtidâ: beginning
The Arrears Council
The most noteworthy information in the entry is the arrears council Ebubekir Pasha set up as soon as he took office. As related in the previous entry, Zaralızâde Mehmed Pasha had embezzled the taxes collected from Amasya, and when he tried to take the same money from the people a second time the city had risen. This council, made up of local persons who understood accounts, tried to distinguish how much debt the sanjak actually still had and how much money the governor had embezzled. The developments Hüsameddin will relate later show that this accounting did not close the matter: when Zaralızâde Mehmed Pasha became governor of Sivas again in 1169, he would set about having the same embezzled sum collected again under the name "bakaya," and this would be the cause of the great uprising of 1170. In this respect Ebubekir Pasha's council can be read as Amasya's effort to enter its own accounting into the official record.
The Bekir Beyzâdes
Hüsameddin relates Ebubekir Pasha's family in detail in later volumes of his book. According to the genealogical record he gave in the previous entry, the pasha's father is the mîrlivâ of Egypt Bekir Beyzâde Hacı Osman Bey, his grandfather Ömer Pasha, and the latter's father Ebubekir Bey; the family is of the notables of the Köprübaşı Quarter and is tied to the line of Şadgeldi Pasha, the old ruler of Amasya. In a biography in the twelfth volume of the book it is recorded that Hacı Osman Bey had a darülhadis waqf, that Hacı Osman Bey, his son Ebubekir Pasha and the latter's son Teşrifatçı Âkif Mehmed Bey died one after another, and that the trusteeship of this waqf and the family's great properties passed to Ebubekir Pasha's nephew Abdullah Bey. The same biography also relates that the family's great mansion, extending from Köprübaşı to the Alaca Bath, was legendary for its gilded rooms and pools.
The pasha's son Mehmed Âkif Bey was a statesman and poet who rose in the Ottoman central bureaucracy. According to Erhan Afyoncu's study based on archival documents, Âkif Bey was mukataa official of Kefe in 1733-34, acting teşrifatçı in 1738, then divan clerk, register clerk of the province of Algiers and acting head of the arsenal, and served for many years as teşrifatçı. The work called Târih-i Cülûs-ı Sultân Mustafa Han-ı Sâlis, which relates the accession and early years of Mustafa III, is his. Afyoncu reports that Âkif Bey died on 1 Zilhicce 1181 [19 April 1768] and was buried in the Karacaahmet Cemetery, that his gravestone reads "Ebûbekir Paşazâde Akif Mehmed Seyyid Bey," and that he died childless. In the literary dictionaries, however, his death is given as the early part of 1180 [late 1766] and his grave is shown in the cemetery of the Nasûhî Dergâh in Üsküdar.
A Question of Identity
What Afyoncu gives in the same study about Âkif Bey's father Ebubekir Pasha does not agree with Hüsameddin's. According to Afyoncu, the mirimiran Ebubekir Pasha was the grandson of Ali Pasha of Kayseri and the son-in-law of Grand Vizier İvaz Mehmed Pasha; he died in 1167 [1754]. Hüsameddin, on the other hand, presents Ebubekir Pasha as a member of an Amasya family descended from Şadgeldi Pasha and shows him in 1168 [1755] as mutasarrıf of Amasya again and then as guardian of Bender. That Hüsameddin plainly calls this Ebubekir Pasha "the father of the teşrifatçı Âkif Mehmed Bey" suggests that the two records speak of the same person. It is possible that one of the dates of death is wrong, or that the Ebubekir Pasha in the documents Afyoncu used and Hüsameddin's Amasya pasha are different persons; with the sources at hand this problem could not be resolved.
The pasha's new place of duty, Köstendil, is a city in the west of today's Bulgaria, on a plain near the Struma (Karasu) river. According to Machiel Kiel, it was taken under direct Ottoman rule after 1395 and made a sanjak. No information was found in other sources about Keyvanoğlu Rüstem Ağa, Rahtuvan Paşazâde Hacı Ali Bey and Hazinedaroğlu Mehmed Efendi of Merzifon, named in the entry.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, 4. Cildin Bakiyyesi, p. 653–653. amasya.bel.tr
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, 9-12. Cilt (12. Cilt, "Abdullah Bey-Bekir Beyzâde es-Seyyid el-Hâc" entry). https://amasya.bel.tr/uploads/e-kitap/kitap/9-12/files/basic-html/page573.html
Academic studies
Books
- Erhan Afyoncu, "Mehmed Âkif Bey'in Hayatı ve Târih-i Cülûs-ı Sultân Mustafa Han-ı Sâlis", Teşrifatçı Mehmed Âkif Bey, Târih-i Cülûs-ı Sultân Mustafa Han-ı Sâlis (facsimile), Türkiye Yazma Eserler Kurumu Başkanlığı Yayınları, İstanbul 2012.
- İncinur Atik Gürbüz, "Âkif, Ebûbekir Paşa-zâde Mehmed Âkif Bey", Türk Edebiyatı İsimler Sözlüğü, 2014. https://teis.yesevi.edu.tr/madde-detay/akif-ebubekir-pasa-zade-mehmed-akif-bey