Bozokludur. Tokmak Hasan Paşa'nın oğludur. 1170 ramazânının yirmi yedinci günü [94] Amasya mutasarrıfı olup vusûlüne kadar Hacı Feyzullâhoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa'yı mütesellim nasb etdi.
Zaralıoğlu'nun i'dâmı üzerine halk Fazlı Oğulları'nın haksız yere kendilerinden tahsîl etdikleri mallarının kendilerine verilmesini musırrâne istediler. Ulemâ ve a'yân bu talebi haklı görüp mağdûrlara tarafdâr oldular.
Zilhicce ibtidâsında kadı Osmân Efendi halkın mahkemeye hücûmundan korkup Abdullâh Efendi'yi nâ'ib ta'yîn ederek İstanbul'a can atdı. Bu esnâda diğer Zaralıoğlu Feyzullâh Paşa Sivâs vâlîsi olduğundan Fazlı Oğulları'na yeniden cân geldi.
Mutasarrıf Ömer Paşa geldiğinden bir ay sonra levend eşkıyâsını ta'kîbe gidip mahdûmu Hasan Bey Amasya mütesellimi oldu. Millîoğlu Mûsâ Bey, alaybeyi Kürd Bekir Bey de berâber gitdi. Çünkü Mûsâ Bey'in oldukça mühim bir kuvveti vardı.
1171 saferinde kadı Osmân Efendi meşîhatın emri olmaksızın kazâyı terk etdiğinden azl edilip Konyalı Yeğenzâde Mehmed Ârif Efendi Amasya kadısı oldu. Bu da gelemeyip nâ'ibi ibkâ etdi.
Az sonra Hacı Hüseyin Ağa yine şehir kethüdâsı ve saferin ortalarında Fazlıoğlu [95] Hacı Alî Efendi nakîb kâ'im-makâmı ve on altıncı pazar gecesi Ücüncü Sultân Osmân'ın vefâtıyla Üçüncü Sultân Ahmed şehzâdesi Üçüncü Sultân Mustafâ Hân Osmanlı tahtına oturdu.
Rebî'ulevvelde mutasarrıf Ömer Paşa levend eşkıyâsını ta'kîb ederken sergerde Mehmed Pehlivân'ın koluna tesâdüf eylediğinden vurulup vefât etdiğinden Amasya sancağı mîr-i mîrânlıkla oğlu Hasan Bey'e verildi.
In Modern English
He was a native of Bozok. He was the son of Tokmak Hasan Pasha. On the twenty-seventh day of Ramazan 1170 [June 1757] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya and appointed Hacı Feyzullahoğlu Hacı Hüseyin Ağa as mütesellim until he himself should arrive.
Upon the execution of Zaralıoğlu, the people insistently demanded that the property which the Fazlıoğulları had collected from them unjustly be returned. The ulema and the notables found this demand just and sided with the wronged.
At the beginning of Zilhicce [August 1757] the kadı Osman Efendi, fearing that the people would attack the court, appointed Abdullah Efendi as his deputy and fled to Istanbul. Meanwhile, since the other Zaralıoğlu, that is Feyzullah Pasha, had become governor of Sivas, the Fazlıoğulları took heart again.
One month after the mutasarrıf Ömer Pasha arrived, he set out to pursue the levend bandits, and his son Hasan Bey became mütesellim of Amasya. Millioğlu Musa Bey and the alaybeyi Kürd Bekir Bey went along with him, for Musa Bey had a fairly considerable force.
In Safer 1171 [October 1757] the kadı Osman Efendi was dismissed for leaving his post without the order of the şeyhülislam's office, and Yeğenzâde Mehmed Ârif Efendi of Konya became kadı of Amasya. He too could not come and left his deputy in his post.
Soon afterward Hacı Hüseyin Ağa again became city kethüda, and in the middle of Safer Fazlıoğlu Hacı Ali Efendi became deputy naqib. On the night of Sunday, the sixteenth day of Safer [30 October 1757], upon the death of Sultan Osman III, Sultan Mustafa Khan III, prince son of Sultan Ahmed III, took his seat on the Ottoman throne.
In Rebiülevvel [November 1757] the mutasarrıf Ömer Pasha, while pursuing the levend bandits, came upon one of the arms of the ringleader Mehmed Pehlivan and was shot dead. Thereupon the sanjak of Amasya was given to his son Hasan Bey with the rank of beylerbeyi.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- musırrâne: insistently
- mağdûr: one who has suffered injustice
- tarafdâr olmak: to side with someone
- can atmak: to throw oneself somewhere with difficulty to save oneself, to flee
- mahdûm: son
- meşîhat: the office of the şeyhülislam
- kazâ: the judicial district of a kadı
- ibkâ: leaving in office
- şehir kethüdâsı: the local official who handled matters between the tradesmen and townspeople and the administration
- tesâdüf eylemek: to come upon
- mîr-i mîrânlık: the rank of beylerbeyi
Amasya After the Execution
This entry shows that the execution of Zaralızâde Mehmed Pasha, described in the previous entry, did not solve problems in Amasya. While the people and the ulema and notables who supported them demanded the return of the money unjustly collected, the kadı's fleeing the city for fear of the court being stormed shows how much the tension had risen. In Hüsameddin's account the reason the problem continued is clear: the Zaralızâde family had not lost its power in Sivas, and the Fazlıoğulları, relying on their protection, had grown strong again.
Hüsameddin writes that in Zilhicce 1170 [August 1757] Feyzullah Pasha became governor of Sivas. The list by Ahmet Önal, based on appointment records, gives a different sequence here. According to this list, on 21 Zilhicce 1170 [6 September 1757] the province of Sivas was given to Azmzâde Es'ad Pasha, governor of Aleppo; Es'ad Pasha was dismissed the following year with the vizierate taken from him and was executed. Zaralızâde Feyzullah, however, was at this time the mütesellim of Sivas; the province of Sivas was given to him only on 3 Cemaziyelahir 1171 [12 February 1758] with the rank of beylerbeyi, and the vizierate came on 9 Zilkade 1171 [15 July 1758]. Muradî calls him "the brother of Zaralızâde". Accordingly, in the summer of 1757 that Hüsameddin speaks of, Feyzullah was not the official governor of Sivas but its mütesellim, running the province in fact on behalf of the governor; this authority too was enough for the Fazlıoğulları to "take heart again".
Ömer Pasha and His Father Tokmak Hasan Pasha
No information was found in other sources on Ömer Pasha, who died by the bullets of the levends. The name of Tokmak Hasan Pasha, shown as his father, lives on in a mosque at Paşaköy in Bozok, in the Şefaatli district of present-day Yozgat. According to Begüm Buğdaycı, the painted inscription inside the Tokmak Hasan Pasha Mosque reads "Binâ-i Çerkes Mehmed Paşa sene 1187"; the mosque was built in 1773-74 by Çerkes Mehmed Pasha and repaired in 1895-96. According to information based on Hakkı Acun, although the founder of the building was Çerkes Mehmed Pasha, its being called by the name of Tokmak Hasan Pasha is explained by the two pashas, known to be brothers, having had the mosque built together. Of the five graves in the mosque's cemetery, only that of Tokmak Hasan Pasha is identified, and the gravestone is dated 1788. Demet Taşkan also presents the building under the name "Tokmak (Çerkez) Hasan Pasha Mosque".
Hüsameddin's introducing Ömer Pasha as "from Bozok" and giving his father's name as Tokmak Hasan Pasha suggests a link with the mosque at Paşaköy. However, Ömer Pasha died in 1757, while the gravestone of Tokmak Hasan Pasha lying at Paşaköy bears the date 1788. It is not impossible for a father to outlive his son by some thirty years; still, no document was found showing that these two Tokmak Hasan Pashas are the same person.
The Change of Sultan
The date 16 Safer 1171 given by Hüsameddin is the same as the date given by the sources for the death of Osman III and the accession of Mustafa III. Fikret Sarıcaoğlu writes that Osman III died on 16 Safer 1171 [30 October 1757], and Kemal Beydilli writes that Mustafa III acceded on the same day. Mustafa III was the son of Ahmed III; his long years as a prince, spent in the reigns of his cousins Mahmud I and Osman III, had been troubled. Hüsameddin's mention of him as "prince son of Sultan Ahmed III" emphasizes this lineage.
No information was found in other sources on Millioğlu Musa Bey, the kadı Osman Efendi and Yeğenzâde Mehmed Ârif Efendi of Konya, who are named in the entry.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, Supplement to Volume 4, p. 655–656. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- Ahmet Önal, "Sivas Eyaleti Valileri ve Beylerbeyileri (1753-1792)", Tarihin Peşinde, 21, 2019. http://www.tarihinpesinde.com/dergimiz/sayi21/M21_02.pdf
- Demet Taşkan, "Yozgat'ta Unutulmuş Bir Eser: Tokmak (Çerkez) Hasan Paşa Camisi", XII. Uluslararası Türk Sanatı, Tarihi ve Folkloru Kongresi, Konya 2019, p. 123-128. https://avesis.bozok.edu.tr/yayin/f36813af-e454-4e0a-8313-c51b72a0a16f/yozgatta-unutulmus-bir-eser-tokmak-cerkez-hasan-pasa-camisi
- Fikret Sarıcaoğlu, "Osman III", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/osman-iii
- Kemal Beydilli, "Mustafa III", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/mustafa-iii
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