AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · BİRİNCİ BÂB · ONUNCU FASIL · AMASYA TÂRÎHİ'NDEN ÜÇÜNCÜ DEVRE BAKİYYESİ

Hamis Pasha

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Remainder of Volume 4, p. 646–647 • Edited by: Prof. Dr. Mehmet ARSLAN

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Divriklidir. Hamiszâde Ebû Bekir Paşa'nın oğludur. 1151 şa'bânının dördüncü günü Amasya mutasarrıfı olup Vidin harbiyle meşgûl [64] olduğundan Yeğenzâde Ömer Bey bin Hacı İbrâhim Bey Amasya mütesellimi oldu.

Ramazân evâ'ilinde esnâf şeyhi Hacı İbrâhim Efendi nakîb olup leyle-i kadrin seherinde muhaddis-i meşhûr Hâfızzâde Hacı Osmân Fâ'ik Efendi Pervâne Bey Câmi'indeki i'tikâf-hânesinde hâl-i secdede dâr-ı kudse rihlet etdi.

Şevvâlde salâh ve takvâsıyla meşhûr Mevlevî-hâne şeyhi Arap Sâlih Ulvî Dede dâr-ı na'îme göçdü. Meydâncı Dervîş Mehmed Dede mevlevî şeyhi oldu.

Zilhiccede Karakulak Mustafâ Paşazâde yüzbaşı Alî Bey alaybeyi olup vâ'iz-i meşhûr Cum'azâde Hacı Osmân Efendi, Uzun Müderriszâde Mustafâ Efendi vefât etdi.

1152 muharreminde Gürcüzâde Hacı İbrâhim Bey yine baş a'yân ve Zanalıoğlu Şerîf Mehmed Efendi nakîb ve cemâziyelâhirde Keklikoğlu Hacı Halîl Ağa şehir kethüdâsı ve şa'bânda Helvâcıoğlu Birinci Abdî Ağa serdâr olup vüzerâdan Oluslu Kürd İbrâhim Paşa vefât etdi.

1153 muharreminde miftâh ağası Hacı Mehmed Ağa Amasya mütesellimi ve Yeğenzâde Hacı İbrâhim Bey baş a'yân, Hacı Kadiroğlu Hacı Hâfız Mehmed Ağa hacıbaşı ve rebî'ulevvelin yirmi yedinci günü Zanalızâde [65] Hacı Ahmed Paşa sadr-ı a'zam, Amasyalı Hacı Efendizâde Hacı Ebûbekir Ağa sadâret kapıcılar kethüdâsı, diğer Amasyalı Süleymân Ağa harem kethüdâsı, diğer Amasyalı Mehmed Ağa da selâm ağası oldu.⁷⁰⁴

Bir gün sonra Amasya kadısı ve Feyziyye Medresesi vâkıfı esbak Anadolu kazaskeri Amasyalı Hacı İbrâhim Efendi vefât etdi. Rebî'ulâhir gurresinde Mûsıle-i Süleymâniyye müderrislerinden Hacı Mustafâ Efendi Amasya kadısı olup geldi.

Rebî'ulâhirin on yedisinde yeniçeri ocağında Amasyalı Sakaoğlu Onsekizin İsmâ'il Ağa kul kethüdâsı olarak parladı. Zorluoğlu Altmışyedinin Mehmed Ağa Amasya serdârı oldu.

Cemâziyelevvelde Vidin muhârebesinde bozulan Vidin seraskeri Merzifonlu Tuz Mehmed Paşa, ma'iyyetinde Amasya mutasarrıfı Hamis Paşa da bozulduğundan her ikisi de i'dâm edildi.

Footnotes

  • 704 Amasya'da Harem Kethudâsı Oğulları, Selâm Ağası Oğulları bunların evlâdlarıdır.
Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was from Divriki (Divriği). He was the son of Hamiszâde Ebû Bekir Pasha. On the fourth day of Şaban 1151 [17 November 1738] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya; since he was occupied with the Vidin war, Yeğenzâde Ömer Bey bin Hacı İbrahim Bey became mütesellim of Amasya.

In early Ramazan, the sheikh of the tradesmen, Hacı İbrahim Efendi, became naqib. At daybreak on the Night of Power (Kadir), the famous hadith scholar Hâfızzâde Hacı Osman Fâik Efendi departed for the sacred abode while in prostration in his retreat room in the Pervane Bey Mosque.

In Şevval, Arap Sâlih Ulvî Dede, sheikh of the Mevlevi lodge, known for his goodness and piety, departed for the abode of paradise. Meydancı Derviş Mehmed Dede became Mevlevi sheikh.

In Zilhicce, Ali Bey, yüzbaşı and son of Karakulak Mustafa Pasha, became alaybeyi; the famous preacher Cum'azâde Hacı Osman Efendi and Uzun Müderriszâde Mustafa Efendi died.

In Muharrem 1152 [April-May 1739], Gürcüzâde Hacı İbrahim Bey was again chief notable and Zanalıoğlu Şerif Mehmed Efendi naqib; in Cemaziyelâhir Keklikoğlu Hacı Halil Ağa became city kethüda, and in Şaban Helvacıoğlu Birinci Abdî Ağa became serdar; the vizier Kürd İbrahim Pasha of Oluslu also died.

In Muharrem 1153 [March-April 1740], the miftah ağası (keeper of the keys) Hacı Mehmed Ağa became mütesellim of Amasya, Yeğenzâde Hacı İbrahim Bey chief notable, and Hacı Kadiroğlu Hacı Hâfız Mehmed Ağa hacıbaşı. On the twenty-seventh day of Rebiülevvel [22 June 1740], Zanalızâde Hacı Ahmed Pasha became grand vizier, Hacı Ebûbekir Ağa, son of Hacı Efendi of Amasya, became kethüda of the gatekeepers of the grand vizierate, Süleyman Ağa, also of Amasya, became kethüda of the harem, and another Amasya man, Mehmed Ağa, became selâm ağası.

A day later Hacı İbrahim Efendi of Amasya, the former Anatolian kazasker, kadı of Amasya and founder of the waqf of the Feyziye Madrasa, died. On the first day of Rebiülâhir, Hacı Mustafa Efendi, one of the professors of the Mûsıle-i Süleymâniyye, came as kadı of Amasya.

On the seventeenth of Rebiülâhir, Sakaoğlu İsmail Ağa of Amasya, from the Eighteenth Orta of the janissary corps, rose to prominence as kul kethüdası. Zorluoğlu Mehmed Ağa, from the Sixty-Seventh Orta, became serdar of Amasya.

In Cemaziyelevvel, the serasker of Vidin, Merzifonlu Tuz Mehmed Pasha, who had been routed in the Vidin war, and Hamis Pasha, mutasarrıf of Amasya, who was in his retinue and had been routed together with him, were both executed.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • esnâf şeyhi: the religious and ceremonial head of the tradesmen's guilds
  • leyle-i kadr: the Night of Power (Kadir)
  • muhaddis: hadith scholar
  • i'tikâf-hâne: a room in a mosque where one withdraws and stays for worship
  • hâl-i secde: the state of prostration
  • dâr-ı kudse rihlet etmek: to depart for the sacred abode, to die
  • salâh ve takvâ: goodness and fear of God, piety
  • dâr-ı na'îm: the abode of bounty, paradise
  • meydâncı: the official in a Mevlevi lodge who arranged the dervishes' affairs
  • vâ'iz: a religious man who preaches and gives counsel
  • serdâr: head of the janissaries in the provinces
  • miftâh ağası: keeper of the keys
  • sadr-ı a'zam: grand vizier
  • sadâret kapıcılar kethüdâsı: head of the gatekeepers at the grand vizier's gate
  • harem kethüdâsı: the ağa who looked after the harem affairs of the grand vizier's mansion
  • selâm ağası: one of the ceremonial ağas of the grand vizier's gate
  • vâkıf: the person who founds a waqf
  • kul kethüdâsı: the administrator in the janissary corps who ranked after the ağa
  • orta: a company of the janissary corps; "Onsekizin İsmail Ağa" means İsmail Ağa of the Eighteenth Orta
  • ma'iyyet: the retinue of a high person, those under his orders

Hamis Pasha and the Hamisoğulları

Hamis Pasha of Divriği was the son of a family that knew Amasya well. Hüsameddin counts his father Ebûbekir Pasha too among the mutasarrıfs of Amasya in his own place: Ebûbekir Pasha, who was from Divriği and known as "Hamisoğlu," became mutasarrıf of Amasya on the ninth day of Cemaziyelâhir 1133 [April 1721] and went east to the war, leaving Şâhinoğlu Osman Ağa as mütesellim. Thus father and son were appointed to the same sanjak seventeen years apart, and both governed from the front without stopping at the city. That Hamis Pasha chose Yeğenzâde Ömer Bey as mütesellim shows the place in the administration of the Yeğenzâdes, one of the strong notable families of Amasya. The Yeğenzâde Ömer Bey who in Hüsameddin's records of 1171 [1757-58] drew the attention of an inspecting pasha because he made himself respected by the notables through his influence and power, and who was finally removed from Amasya as governor of Van with the rank of mîr-i mîrân, is very probably the same person. Nothing about Hamis Pasha himself was found in other sources.

Hâfızzâde Osman Fâik Efendi and the Pervane Bey Mosque

The hadith scholar Hâfızzâde Hacı Osman Fâik Efendi, who died in prostration in his retreat room at daybreak on the Night of Power, was a scholar who also left a mark on the library history of Amasya in those same years. According to Semavi Eyice, in 1147 [1734-35] "Hıfzızâde Hacı Osman Fâik Efendi" turned the upper floor of the tomb adjoining the Burmalı Minare Mosque into a library, but the books there were later dispersed. Davut Ağbal also mentions, among the libraries founded in Amasya in the time of Mahmud I, the one in the tomb room of the Burmalı Minare Mosque (1147/1734). Since İzzeddin Mehmed Pervâne Bey had the waqf deed of the Burmalı Minare Mosque drawn up in 699 [1299-1300], it is possible that the mosque was called Pervane Bey in old records; in that case Osman Fâik Efendi's retreat room must have been in this building, where the library he founded was located. This is an inference; no record plainly showing which building Hüsameddin meant by "Pervane Bey Mosque" could be reached. By calculation, the Night of Power in the year 1151 corresponds to 8 January 1739.

The Mevlevi Lodge of Amasya

Arap Sâlih Ulvî Dede, who died in Şevval, was the sheikh of the Mevlevi lodge of Amasya. According to what Abdülhalim Durma relays from Hüsameddin and the sharia court registers, the lodge is an institution that appears in old records as "the Mevlevi lodge of the late Alâeddin Pervâne," built in 1314 by Alâeddin Ali Pervâne Bey. It burned in 1602 and was rebuilt in 1637 by the former grand vizier Bayram Pasha. Among those buried in a large room inside the building, which stood near the Hükümet Bridge on the bank of the Yeşilırmak, east of the Saraçhane Quarter, according to the registers, is also "Arap Sâlih Dede." The sheikh whose death is recorded in the text is most likely this person. After the closing of the tekkes in 1925 the lodge was left ownerless and must have been demolished when today's Yavuz Selim Square was opened. No information was found in other sources about Derviş Mehmed Dede, who was raised from meydancı to sheikh.

Zanalızâde Hacı Ahmed Pasha's Grand Vizierate and the Men of Amasya

The twenty-seventh day of Rebiülevvel 1153 that Hüsameddin gives is 22 June 1740 in the Gregorian calendar, and this date is the same as the grand vizierate date Feridun Emecen gives for Şehlâ Ahmed Pasha. According to Fikret Sarıcaoğlu too, his predecessor Hacı İvaz Mehmed Pasha was dismissed on the same day, 27 Rebiülevvel 1153. Emecen shows Ahmed Pasha's family as from Alanya and himself as born in Foça; Hüsameddin ties him to the village of Zana in Amasya. Whichever is correct, Hüsameddin's record plainly shows that the pasha had a strong tie with Amasya: on the first day of his grand vizierate three men of Amasya were appointed to close posts at the grand vizier's gate, such as the kethüdaship of the gatekeepers, the kethüdaship of the harem and the selâm ağalık. In a footnote Hüsameddin states that the Harem Kethüdası Oğulları and Selâm Ağası Oğulları families of Amasya descend from these persons. According to Emecen, after a grand vizierate of nearly two years Ahmed Pasha was dismissed on 28 April 1742 and exiled to Rhodes, later rose again and held posts such as the serasker of Kars and governor of Aleppo, and died in Aleppo in February 1753.

The Death of Hacı İbrahim Efendi and the New Kadı

Hacı İbrahim Efendi of Amasya, who died the day after Ahmed Pasha's grand vizierate, that is, on 28 Rebiülevvel 1153 [23 June 1740], is the former Anatolian kazasker who in the previous entries was twice brought to the judgeship of Amasya as an arpalık and who had the Feyziye (Aşağı Bakacak) Madrasa built. On his death, in accordance with the firman obtained two years earlier, Hacı Mustafa Efendi, one of the professors of the mûsıle-i Süleymâniyye, was brought to the judgeship. Thus this record shows the first instance in which the decision to raise the judgeship of Amasya to a mahreç mevleviyeti was put into practice.

The Rout at Vidin and a Problem of Dating

The last sentence of the entry reports that Hamis Pasha was executed together with the serasker of Vidin, Merzifonlu Tuz Mehmed Pasha. Some biographical sources write that Tuz Mehmed Pasha was executed on 16 August 1739. This date falls in Cemaziyelevvel of the Hijri year 1152. Hüsameddin also places the execution in the month of Cemaziyelevvel, but because he relates it after the events of the year 1153, the reader tends to place it in the summer of 1740. The month is the same, the year one short; it is understood that the execution was in Cemaziyelevvel 1152 [August 1739]. The summer of 1739 is the months in which the Ottoman army routed the Austrians at Hisarcık on 22 July and retook Belgrade in September. In contrast to these successes of the main army, a defeat occurred on the Vidin wing, and the serasker held responsible and the mutasarrıf of Amasya in his retinue were severely punished. No details of this rout were found in other sources.

Points to Note

The entry shows side by side the rise of Amasya in Istanbul in the reign of Mahmud I and its loss at the front. On one side Amasya men gained posts at the grand vizier's gate and in the upper ranks of the janissary corps, while on the other the city's mutasarrıf lost his life because of a defeat on the battlefield. That the events of the year 1152 are kept brief in the text and that the execution record is placed after the events of 1153 suggests that Hüsameddin compiled these years from different sources and put them together.

Bibliography

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Academic studies

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Remainder of Volume 4 contents

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