Eğinli bir mîr-i mîrândı. 1148 senesi cemâziyelevvelinin on dördüncü günü Amasya mutasarrıfı olup Îrân serdârı Köprülüzâde Abdullâh Paşa'nın yanında harb ile meşgûl olduğundan baş a'yân Hacı İbrâhim Bey yine mütesellim oldu.
Receb evâ'ilinde Abdullâh Paşa Câmi'i imâmı şeyhu'l-kurrâ Hacı Hâfız Ömer efendi vefât etdi. Şevvâlde Îrân seraskeri Fâzıl Abdullâh Paşa şehîd olduğundan şehâdetine sebebiyet veren Trabzon vâlîsi Merzifonlu vezîr Kara Mustafâ Paşa ile Amasya mutasarrıfı Hüseyin Paşa i'dâm edildi.
In Modern English
He was a mîrimîran (a pasha of beylerbeyi rank) from Eğin. On the fourteenth day of Jumada al-awwal 1148 [2 October 1735] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya. Since he was occupied with the war at the side of the Iranian commander Köprülüzâde Abdullah Pasha, the chief ayan Hacı İbrahim Bey again became mütesellim.
At the beginning of Rajab Hacı Hâfız Ömer Efendi, imam of the Abdullah Pasha Mosque and şeyhülkurra (head of the Quran reciters and teachers of recitation), died. In Shawwal [February-March 1736], when the Iranian commander Fâzıl Abdullah Pasha fell a martyr, the governor of Trabzon, Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha, who had caused his martyrdom, and the mutasarrıf of Amasya Hüseyin Pasha were executed.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- mîr-i mîrân: the rank of beylerbeyi; a pasha of this rank
- serdâr, serasker: commander-in-chief of an army on a front
- evâ'il: the first days of a month
- şeyhu'l-kurrâ: head of the scholars of Quranic recitation
- sebebiyet vermek: to cause
The Arpaçay Rout
In the background of the entry lies the heaviest defeat of the Ottoman-Iranian war that had been going on since 1730. Nadir, forced to lift the siege of Kars, crossed the Arpaçay and turned toward Yerevan; Köprülüzâde Abdullah Pasha set out from Kars to bring help to the Ottoman garrison at Yerevan. On 19 June 1735, near Arpaçay, around Yeğvard (Murad Hill), the Ottoman army, hit by a raid of Nadir's vanguard forces, suffered a heavy rout, and the commander died on the field. In some sources a Mustafa Pasha is also named among those who died in this battle. According to İlhan Gök's study, based on archival documents, this person is the governor of Diyarbekir, Hüseyin Paşazâde Sarı Mustafa Pasha, who had been assigned to Kars, and he fell a martyr at a place called Abran. After the rout Ganja and Tbilisi surrendered, and Yerevan too fell into Nadir's hands in October 1735.
On Hüsameddin's Dates
This entry should be read carefully, because its dates do not agree with other sources. According to the date on which present sources agree, Köprülüzâde Abdullah Pasha died on 19 June 1735, that is, in the month of Muharram of the Hijri year 1148. Hüsameddin, however, writes that on 14 Jumada al-awwal 1148 [2 October 1735] Hüseyin Pasha sent a mütesellim to Amasya because he was fighting at Abdullah Pasha's side; at that date Abdullah Pasha had not been alive for three and a half months. He also places the pasha's martyrdom in Shawwal. It is possible that the month names were confused in Hüsameddin's source; it can also be thought that the "Shawwal" record shows not Abdullah Pasha's death but the time when those held responsible for the rout were executed. These are inferences and could not be verified.
No definite information on Hüseyin Pasha himself was found in other sources. İlhan Gök writes, on the basis of an archival document, that "Hüseyin Pasha, mutasarrıf of Eğil," was also appointed to Kars in November-December 1734 to help Sarı Mustafa Pasha, who had been sent to Kars. The similarity of the names Eğil and Eğin and the fact that the post was on the same front suggest that the Hüseyin Pasha whom Hüsameddin calls "of Eğin" could be this person; but that the two records belong to the same person could not be documented.
The executed governor of Trabzon, Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha, must also not be confused with the famous grand vizier executed after the defeat at Vienna in 1683. Hüsameddin had earlier recorded that this eighteenth-century pasha became beylerbeyi of Trabzon in 1144 [1731] because of his usefulness in the war. How he and Hüseyin Pasha caused Abdullah Pasha's death is not told; no information on these executions was found in other sources.
The Abdullah Pasha Mosque
The Abdullah Pasha Mosque, whose imam's death is recorded, is the Dârülhadis Mosque in the Sofular quarter; it is also called the Sofular Mosque. According to M. Baha Tanman, the building was built as a mosque and dârülhadis by Beylerbeyi Hacısinanbeyzâde Abdullah Pasha, of the men of the age of Bayezid II, and its waqf deed was drawn up in 907 [1501-1502] by the pasha's son, Defterdar Abdülkerim Bey. The dârülkurrâ (school of Quranic recitation) that Abdülkerim Bey had added in 1505 has not survived. Hacı Hâfız Ömer Efendi's title of "şeyhülkurra" shows that this tradition of recitation was still alive here in the eighteenth century. The building, where well known hadith scholars taught throughout the Ottoman period, stands today and is used only as a mosque.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 4, Supplement (Bakiyye), p. 644–644. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- Azmi Özcan, "Nâdir Şah", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/nadir-sah--iran
- İlhan Gök, "Diyarbekir Valisi Hüseyin Paşa-zâde Sarı Mustafa Paşa'nın Hayatı ve Muhallefatı", Hazine-i Evrak Arşiv ve Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2/2, 2020, p. 23-57.
- M. Baha Tanman, "Dârülhadis Camii", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/darulhadis-camii
Official sources
Other sources