AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · BİRİNCİ BÂB · YEDİNCİ FASIL

Kamereddîn Karaman Bey

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 2, p. 342–343 • Edited by: Prof. Dr. Mehmet ARSLAN

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Mukaddime'de mezkûr olduğu üzere Amasya'da "Kamereddîn Mahallesi" sâhibi olan bu zât, esbak Amasya hükümdârı Argun Hân'ın bendegânından olduğu münâsebetle "Hâdim" unvânıyla meşhûr olmuşdur. Vesâ'ik-i atîkada "Emîr Kamereddîn Karaman bin Abdullah el-Hâdim" şeklinde görülmekle mühtedî kölelerden olduğu zann olunur.³⁷⁶ Erzincân'ın zabtı üzerine 625'de Amasya vâlîsi olmuşdur.

Amasya vâlîsi Kamereddîn Karaman Bey zamânında Amasya kadısı meşhûr Takiyyeddîn Osmân es-Simrî ve Hânkâh-ı Mes'ûdî şeyhi Tâceddîn Ebu'l-Vefâ Mahmûd el-Harezmî vefât etdikleri cihetle Amasya kadılığına [359] müderris-i Mes'ûdiyye Tâceddîn Yûsuf et-Tebrîzî ve Hânkâh-ı Mes'ûdî şeyhliğine dahi Ebu'l-Vefâ'nın halîfe-i meşhûru Şücâ'eddîn Ebu'l-Bekâ İlyâs el-Horasânî ya'nî tarîkat-ı Baba'iyye pîri olan Baba İlyas Horasânî ta'yîn edilmiş ve müte'âkiben Baba İshâk Kefersûdî kurâdan gelip buna mürîd olmuşdur.

Konya hükümdârı Sultân Alâ'eddîn Keykubâd'ın muvaffakiyâtından dûçâr-ı telâş olan Rûm krallığı, Gürcistân'ı tahrîk ederek Erzurum'un istîlâsına teşvîk ve Selçûkîler'i işgâl etmeğe çalışıyordu. Bu cihetle Gürcistân'ın harekâtı şübheyi dâ'î görülüp 627'de Erzurum vâlîsi Mübârizeddîn Halîfe Alp Gürcistân ser-askeri ta'yîn edilerek Amasya vâlîsi Emîr Kamereddîn el-Hâdim Erzurum taraflarına me'mûr oldukda Amasya vâlîliğine sultân-ı müşârün-ileyhin emîr-i şikârı Nûreddîn Tugrak nasb olunmuşdur.

Footnotes

  • 376 Fakat Konya'da hükûmet eden meşhûr Karamânîler'in ceddi bu Karamân değildir. Çünkü o Karamânîler, Türkmenler arasında irisler (nücebâ)'dan ma'dûd olan Karamân bin Nûreddîn bin Sa'deddîn bin İbrâhim Hân bin Alp Arslan ibni Gül Hân bin Şirvân Hân bin Oğuz Hân evlâdıdır. Ba'zı Osmânlı müverrihlerinin bunları Ermenî mühtedîlerinden Amasyalı Kamereddîn Karamân evlâdı göstermeleri eser-i zuhûl olmakla beraber bu Kamereddîn Karamân el-Hâdim'den galat olmalıdır.
Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

As stated in the Introduction, this man, the owner of the Kamereddîn quarter in Amasya, was known by the title "Hâdim" because he had been one of the slaves of Argun Hân, the former ruler of Amasya. Since he appears in old documents in the form "Emir Kamereddîn Karaman bin Abdullah el-Hâdim", he is thought to have been one of the slaves who later became Muslim. After the capture of Erzincan he became governor of Amasya in 625 [1227-28].

In the time of the governor Kamereddîn Karaman Bey, the famous judge of Amasya Takiyyeddîn Osman es-Simrî and the sheikh of the Hânkâh-ı Mes'ûdî, Tâceddîn Ebu'l-Vefâ Mahmud el-Harezmî, died; so Tâceddîn Yûsuf et-Tebrîzî, professor of the Mes'ûdiyye Madrasa, was appointed judge of Amasya, and Şücâeddîn Ebu'l-Bekâ İlyas el-Horasânî, the famous successor (halîfe) of Ebu'l-Vefâ, that is, Baba İlyas Horasânî, the spiritual master (pir) of the Babaî order, was appointed sheikh of the Hânkâh-ı Mes'ûdî; after that Baba İshak Kefersûdî came from the villages and became his disciple.

The Greek kingdom, alarmed by the successes of Sultan Alâeddîn Keykubad, ruler of Konya, was inciting Georgia and encouraging it to occupy Erzurum, trying to keep the Seljuks occupied. For this reason the movements of Georgia were regarded as suspicious, and in 627 [1229-30] Mübârizeddîn Halîfe Alp, governor of Erzurum, was appointed commander-in-chief of the Georgian front. When Emîr Kamereddîn el-Hâdim, governor of Amasya, was assigned to the Erzurum region, Nûreddîn Tugrak, the said sultan's master of the hunt (emîr-i şikâr), was appointed governor of Amasya.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • hâdim: servant, one who serves
  • bendegân: servants, slaves
  • mühtedî: one who has become Muslim later
  • vesâ'ik-i atîka: old documents
  • zabt: capture
  • hânkâh: dervish lodge, tekke
  • müderris: madrasa teacher
  • halîfe: a sheikh's authorised deputy or the disciple who carries on his path
  • mürîd: one attached to a sheikh, trained in his way
  • tahrîk: incitement
  • emîr-i şikâr: the emir in charge of the sultan's hunting affairs
  • nasb: appointment

The Name Karaman and the Karamanids

Hüsameddin's footnote finds it wrong to link Kamereddîn Karaman in Amasya with the ancestor of the Karamanids who ruled in the Konya region. He regards the claim of some Ottoman historians that the Karamanids descended from Kamereddîn Karaman, an Armenian-born man of Amasya, as a mistake. What has been written on the Karamanids supports this distinction. The grandfather of Karaman Bey, who gave the principality its name, is recorded as Sâdeddin Bey, one of the Oghuz beys, and his father as Nûreddin Bey, known as Nûre Sûfî; Nûreddin Bey attached himself to Baba İlyas and became his disciple. The region around Ermenek, Mut, Silifke, Gülnar and Anamur, where the Karamanids settled, had been taken in 1225 by a man named Kamerüddin Bey. No record was found that this name belongs to the same person as Kamereddîn in Amasya. As for Argun Hân, ruler of Amasya, no information was found in the sources examined about an Amasya ruler bearing this name.

The Khanqah and Baba İlyas

Hüsameddin writes that Baba İlyas was made sheikh of the Mes'ûdî Khanqah in Amasya. Studies on Baba İlyas, however, present him as a Turkmen sheikh who settled in the village of Çat near Amasya and opened a zawiya there; this village is known today as İlyas Köyü. The earliest source on him is the Menâkıbü'l-kudsiyye written in 1358-59 by his grandson Elvan Çelebi. The place where Baba İshak lived is known as the Kefersud region near Adıyaman. The relation between the two names and their roles in the revolt of 1240 are treated in detail in later entries.

A Note on the Dates

Hüsameddin ties Kamereddîn's governorship to the capture of Erzincan and dates it to 625 [1227-28]. The Battle of Yassıçemen between the Seljuk ruler Keykubad and the Khwarazmshahs, on the other hand, took place in 1230. How the date Hüsameddin gives fits with this event could not be clarified from the sources at hand. Likewise, for the date at which the governorship of Amasya passed from Kamereddîn to Nûreddîn Tugrak no record independent of Hüsameddin was found.

Bibliography

Primary sources

  • Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 2, p. 342–343. amasya.bel.tr

Academic studies

Volume 2 contents