Amasyalıdır. Yüzbaşıoğlu demekle meşhûrdur. [155] Karakulak Mustafâ Paşazâde yüzbaşı Alî Bey'in torunu ve Amasya serdârı Yüzbaşıoğlu Mustafâ Ağa'nın oğlu olduğu ocak defterlerinden anlaşıldı. 1204 muharremi ibtidâsında Amasya muhassılı oldu.
Amasya sancağı hâsları geçen yıllara nisbetle değerinden fazlaya iltizâm edilmiş olduğundan halka tarh edilen rüsûm oldukça ağırdı. Bununla berâber Canikli Oğulları'nın ve etbâ'ının mezâliminden kurtulmuş olan sancak halkı buna memnûn oldu.
Saferde Rus harbinde yararlığı görülen Amasya serdengeçdileri ağası Kulçakoğlu Mustafâ Ağa turnacıbaşılık pâyesiyle başbuğ ve müte'âkiben Amasya a'yânından Yenicelizâde Hacı Ahmed Ağa mîr-i mîrânlıkla Tutrakan muhâfızı oldu.
Rebî'ulevvelde Abdullâh Vecîh Efendi fetvâdan azl ile Dizdâroğlu Hacı Hüseyin Efendi Amasya müftüsü oldu. Çorum mutasarrıfı ve ber-vech-i mâlikâne Mecidözü muhassılı Avkatlı Fındık Mustafâ Paşa, harb yerinden kaçıp Mecidözü'ne geldiği haber alındıkda fermânlı olup Amasya muhassılı Mehmed Emîn Ağa tarafından tutularak i'dâm edildi.
Bunun i'dâmını işiden Püsküllü Oğulları da perîşân olup gizlendikleri yerlerde birer birer [156] basılıp kimi i'dâm kimi de gizlendiği evlerle berâber ihrâk edilerek Amasya'nın püsküllü belâsı da mündefi' oldu.
Fındık Paşazâde Süleymân Bey Amasya'ya getirilip eşkıyânın tenkîl ve istîsâlinde hizmeti geçen Millîoğlu Süleymân Bey Mecidözü voyvodası oldu. Avkatlı Oğulları ortadan kaldırıldı.
Rebî'ulâhirde Köprülü Hacı Paşazâde Mehmed Emîn Bey Amasya alaybeyi olup geldi. Köprü a'yânından Ulu Ya'kûboğlu Hacı Ömer Bey Köprü voyvodası ve Zaralıoğlu Receb Bey de vezâretle Sivâs vâlîsi oldu.
Cemâziyelevvelde büyük müderrislerden Hasan Efendi kadı olup tarafından Şerîf Efendizâde İbrâhim Efendi Amasya nâ'ibi oldu. Bu ayda Mahmûd Çelebi Tekkesi şeyhi Hacı Mustafâ Efendi vefât edip yerine oğlu Şeyh Abdullâh Efendi geçdi.
Receb evâ'ilinde şeyhu'l-kurrâ Hacı İbrâhîm Cû'î Efendi'nin tilmîz ve dâmâdı şeyhu'l-kurrâ Hâfız Hasan Efendi ve zilka'dede esnâf şeyhi Hacı Alî Efendi vefât edip oğlu İbrâhim Efendi esnâf şeyhi ve müftü Hüseyin Efendi de fetvâdan çekilip seleflerinden Çorumlu Hacı Osmân Efendi Amasya müftüsü oldu. [157]
In Modern English
He was from Amasya; he is known as Yüzbaşıoğlu. It was learned from the corps registers that he was the grandson of the captain (yüzbaşı) Ali Bey, son of Karakulak Mustafa Paşazade, and the son of Yüzbaşıoğlu Mustafa Ağa, serdar of Amasya. At the beginning of Muharrem 1204 [September 1789] he became muhassıl (tax collector and administrator) of Amasya.
Since the has revenues of the sanjak of Amasya had been farmed out at a price higher than their value compared with past years, the taxes laid on the people were rather heavy. Nevertheless the people of the sanjak, who had been delivered from the oppression of the Canikoğulları and their men, were content with this situation.
In Safer, Kulçakoğlu Mustafa Ağa, serdengeçtiler ağası of Amasya, whose usefulness in the Russian war was seen, became başbuğ with the rank of turnacıbaşı. Then Yenicelizade Hacı Ahmed Ağa, one of the ayan of Amasya, became guardian of Tutrakan with the rank of beylerbeyi.
In Rebiülevvel Abdullah Vecih Efendi was removed from the muftiship and Dizdaroğlu Hacı Hüseyin Efendi became mufti of Amasya. When it was learned that Avkatlı Fındık Mustafa Pasha, governor of Çorum and, by mâlikâne (life tenure), tax collector of Mecidözü, had fled the battlefield and come to Mecidözü, a decree was issued against him; he was seized by Mehmed Emin Ağa, muhassıl of Amasya, and executed.
When the Püsküllüoğulları heard that he had been executed, they too scattered and hid. In their hiding places they were raided one by one, and some were executed, while others were burned together with the house in which they hid. Thus this tasseled scourge upon Amasya too disappeared.
Fındık Paşazade Süleyman Bey was brought to Amasya. Millioğlu Süleyman Bey, whose service in punishing the bandits and eradicating them was counted, became voyvoda of Mecidözü. The Avkatlıoğulları were eliminated.
In Rebiülahir Köprülü Hacı Paşazade Mehmed Emin Bey came as alaybeyi of Amasya. Ulu Yakuboğlu Hacı Ömer Bey, one of the ayan of Köprü, became voyvoda of Köprü, and Zaralıoğlu Receb Bey became governor of Sivas with the rank of vizier.
In Cemaziyelevvel, Hasan Efendi, one of the great professors, became kadı, and in his name Şerif Efendizade İbrahim Efendi became naib of Amasya. In this month Hacı Mustafa Efendi, sheikh of the Mahmud Çelebi Tekke, died, and his son Şeyh Abdullah Efendi took his place.
In the first days of Receb, Hafız Hasan Efendi, şeyhü'l-kurra (head of the Quran reciters), student and son-in-law of the şeyhü'l-kurra Hacı İbrahim Cui Efendi, died. In Zilkade, when Hacı Ali Efendi, sheikh of the tradesmen, also died, his son İbrahim Efendi became sheikh of the tradesmen. Mufti Hüseyin Efendi also withdrew from the fatwa office, and his predecessor Çorumlu Hacı Osman Efendi again became mufti of Amasya.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- muhassıl: the official who collected the tax revenues of a sanjak and also took on its administration
- serdâr: commander of the janissaries in a city
- rüsûm, tarh: taxes; distributing and imposing a tax on the people
- turnacıbaşı: the rank of a company commander in the janissary corps
- ber-vech-i mâlikâne: by life tenure through iltizam
- fermânlı: a person against whom an order of arrest or execution has been issued
- mündefi' olmak: to be eliminated
- tenkîl ve istîsâl: punishing and eradicating
- şeyhu'l-kurrâ: head of the Quran reciters
Yüzbaşıoğlu Mehmed Emin Ağa
The family information Hüsameddin gives on the basis of the janissary corps registers links Mehmed Emin Ağa to one of the old military families of Amasya. His ağalık, said in the previous entry to have been as janissary ağa, does not appear in the lists enumerating the janissary ağas (see entry 70); no information on his tenure as muhassıl or his activity in Amasya was found in other sources either. Hüsameddin's account, based on register records, remains the most detailed source we have for this period.
The point that stands out in the text is that, despite the heavy taxes, the people of Amasya were content with Mehmed Emin Ağa's arrival. The reason for this contentment is the Canik administration told in the previous two entries. The Caniklizades, who had held Amasya since 1778 by way of arpalık or governorship, especially in the time of Mikdad Ahmed Pasha, had seized the people's property, taken waqf shops by force and exiled their opponents. Özcan Mert too records that already in 1778 the ayan of Amasya, unable to bear Mikdad Ahmed Pasha's pressure, took refuge in neighboring Bozok.
The Avkatlıoğulları and Mecidözü
The Avkatlıoğulları, to whom Fındık Mustafa Pasha belonged, are a family connected with the founding of the Mecitözü district, today attached to Çorum. The district's official history, based on Hüsameddin's first volume, relates that the town of Mecitözü was founded near the village of Avkat; that Avkatlızade Hacı Ali Ağa, living in this village from 1728, gained great influence, had a mosque, a bath, a school and a large mansion of his own built there; that his grandson had a madrasa built in front of the mosque; and that the village thus turned into a town. That the town was for a time called "Hacı Köyü" (Hacı's Village) is also attributed to Avkatlıoğlu Hacı Ali Ağa. Hüsameddin's phrase "the Avkatlıoğulları were eliminated" shows that the political power of this local dynasty ended in 1789–90. No information on Fındık Mustafa Pasha's execution was found in other sources.
The name of Millioğlu Süleyman Bey, made voyvoda of Mecidözü in place of the Avkatlıs, also recalls the tribal structure of the region. According to Murat Alandağlı's research, members of the Milli tribe began to be seen around Mecitözü in the eighteenth century; the oldest document concerning this tribe is dated 1174 [1760–61] and speaks of tribe members stealing the people's property and plundering their crops. It is possible that the nickname Millioğlu is connected with this tribe, but the sources do not say so directly.
On the Püsküllüoğulları bandits, who cut off the west and south of Amasya, no information was found in other sources.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, Remainder (Bakiyye) of vol. 4, p. 674–675. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Official sources
Other sources