Amasyalıdır. Kara Kadı İbrâhim Efendi’nin evlâdından sipâhi Ali Ağa’nın mahdûmudur. 1072 senesi şevvâlinin yirmi yedinci günü Amasya sancağı mutasarrıfı olup Rumeli Harbi’ne me’mûr olduğundan mahdûmu Halil Bey Amasya mütesellimi oldu. Aleybeyi olan Çavuşzâde Hasan Bey’le beraber zilka’dede harbe gitdi.
Zilhiccede Şâbâniye Meşâyihinden Hoca Sultân Tekkesi Şeyhi Muslihiddîn Mustafa Efendi vefât edib yerine halifesi Amasyalı eş-Şeyh Mehmed Efendi geçti. Bu sene Hacı Mansûroğlu el-Hâc Hasan Ağa bin Ahmed Ağa Okmeydanı’ndaki bağını Enderun Câmii vâizi Tâceddînzâde Hüseyin Efendi’ye ve ba‘dehû câmi-i mezbûr kürsü şeyhlerine vakfetdi.
1073 senesi gurre-i muharreminde Kadı Sıyâmî Efendi’nin yerine Abdülhalîm Efendi Amasya kadısı ve muharremin on üçünde Cidde sancağından ma‘zûl el-Hâc Selim Bey Sultân Bâyezîd evkâfı mütevellisi olup Amasya’ya geldi.
Safer gurresinde Müftü el-Hâc Ömer Efendi’nin azline binâen Sultân Bâyezîd kürsü şeyhi Hâbilzâde Mehmed Efendi Amasya müftüsü oldu. Fakat cumâdelûlânın yirmi üçüncü günü vefât eylediğinden Sultâniyye Müderrisi İsmâil Efendi Amasya müftüsü ve Kıbrıs’tan gelen Fâzıl Hızır Efendi de Sultân Bâyezîd kürsü şeyhi oldu.
Bunu müteâkip Amasya Mütesellimi Halil Bey harbe me’mûren Rumeli’ne gidip kethüdâyeri Şâtır Ali Ağa yine Amasya mütesellimi oldu. [144] Zilka’dede Beyrut sancağından ma‘zûl ve Amasya’da mütekâid olan Mirlivâ Kuloğlu Mehmed Bey ve İstanbul’da tezkire-i evvel Amasyalı Hacı Nebîzâde Hüseyin Efendi vefât etdi.
Zilhiccede Amasya Alaybeyi Hasan Bey muhârebede şehîd olduğundan Gököyük Mâlikânesinden aldığı 31854 akçe ze’âmeti oğulları Mûsâ, İbrâhim beylere verildi. Paşazâde Hüseyin Bey yine alaybeyi oldu. Nişancı Ca’fer Çelebi’ye bu sene Rumeli Beylerbeyliği pâyesi verildi.
1074 senesi gurre-i muharreminde Evkâf-ı Sultâniyye Mütevellîsi Hacı Selim Bey’e bir sancak verildiğinden Derviş Beyzâde Osmân Bey evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellîsi oldu. Evâhir-i muharremde müftü-i sâbık Çorumlu el-Hâc Ömer Efendi vefât etdi. Oğulları Abdullah, Feyzullah efendilerdir.
Muharremin selhindi Niğbolu Muhâfızı Vezîr Amasyalı Kara Kadızâde İbrâhim Paşa, ammizâde ve Amasya Mutasarrıfı Mehmed Paşa, Amasyalı Hâbil Beyzâde Veli Paşa, İbrâhim Paşa’nın kayın pederi bâ-pâye-i Rumeli reîsü’l-küttâbı olan Şâmîzâde Mehmed Paşa, Ordu’da i’dâm ve her şeyleri müsâdere edildi.⁶⁶⁶
Bunların Amasya’da kâin emvâl ü emlâki dergâh-ı âlî kapıcıbaşılarından Deli Emîr es-Seyyid Mehmed Ağa yed-i ma’rifetiyle satıldı. Esmân-ı hâsılası İstanbul’a takdîm edildiğinden Deli Emîr Mehmed Ağa’ya Çorum sancağı ve [145] sâbık Amasya Mutasarrıfı Mehmed Paşa’ya Amasya sancağı tevcîh edildi.
In Modern English
He was a native of Amasya, the son of the sipahi Ali Ağa, a descendant of Kara Kadı İbrâhim Efendi. On the twenty-seventh day of Shawwal 1072 [June 1662] he became governor of the sanjak of Amasya. Since he was assigned to the Rumeli campaign, his son Halil Bey became mütesellim of Amasya. He himself went to war in Dhu al-Qa'da together with the alaybeyi Çavuşzâde Hasan Bey.
In Dhu al-Hijja, Muslihiddîn Mustafa Efendi, sheikh of the Hoca Sultan Tekke and one of the Shabaniyya sheikhs, died, and his deputy (halife), Şeyh Mehmed Efendi of Amasya, succeeded him. This year Hacı Mansûroğlu el-Hâc Hasan Ağa bin Ahmed Ağa endowed his vineyard at Okmeydanı first to Tâceddînzâde Hüseyin Efendi, preacher of the Enderun Mosque, and after him to the pulpit sheikhs of the same mosque.
At the beginning of Muharram 1073 [August 1662], Abdülhalîm Efendi became kadı of Amasya in place of Kadı Sıyâmî Efendi. On the thirteenth of Muharram, el-Hâc Selim Bey, who had been dismissed from the sanjak of Jeddah, came to Amasya as trustee of the Sultan Bayezid waqfs.
At the beginning of Safar, when Mufti el-Hâc Ömer Efendi was dismissed, Hâbilzâde Mehmed Efendi, pulpit sheikh of Sultan Bayezid, became mufti of Amasya. But since he died on the twenty-third day of Jumada al-Ula, İsmâil Efendi, professor of the Sultaniye, became mufti of Amasya, and Fâzıl Hızır Efendi, who had returned from Cyprus, became pulpit sheikh of Sultan Bayezid.
After this the Amasya mütesellim Halil Bey went to Rumeli assigned to the war, and the city steward Şâtır Ali Ağa again became mütesellim of Amasya. In Dhu al-Qa'da, Mirliva Kuloğlu Mehmed Bey, who had been dismissed from the sanjak of Beirut and was living retired in Amasya, died, as did Hacı Nebîzâde Hüseyin Efendi of Amasya, who was first tezkireci in Istanbul.
In Dhu al-Hijja, since the Amasya alaybeyi Hasan Bey fell as a martyr in the war, the zeamet of 31,854 akçe that he held from the mâlikâne of Gököyük was given to his sons Mûsâ and İbrâhim Beys. Paşazâde Hüseyin Bey again became alaybeyi. The Nişancı Ca'fer Çelebi was given the rank of beylerbeyi of Rumeli this year.
At the beginning of Muharram 1074 [August 1663], since a sanjak was given to Hacı Selim Bey, trustee of the Sultan waqfs, Derviş Beyzâde Osman Bey became trustee of the Sultan waqfs. At the end of Muharram the former mufti Çorumlu el-Hâc Ömer Efendi died. His sons are Abdullah and Feyzullah Efendis.
On the last day of Muharram, the Vizier Kara Kadızâde İbrâhim Pasha of Amasya, Warden of Nikopol; his paternal cousin, the Governor of Amasya Mehmed Pasha; Hâbil Beyzâde Veli Pasha of Amasya; and Şâmîzâde Mehmed Pasha, chief secretary (reisülküttab) with the rank of Rumeli and father-in-law of İbrâhim Pasha, were executed in the army, and all their possessions were confiscated.
Their goods and property in Amasya were sold through Deli Emîr es-Seyyid Mehmed Ağa, one of the kapıcıbaşıs of the Sublime Porte. Because the proceeds were sent to Istanbul, the sanjak of Çorum was given to Deli Emîr Mehmed Ağa, and the sanjak of Amasya to the former Governor of Amasya, Mehmed Pasha.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- evlâd: offspring, descendants
- mahdûm: son
- meşâyih: sheikhs of the Sufi orders
- halife: a disciple authorized by a sheikh and able to succeed him
- kürsü şeyhi: the preacher who delivered sermons from the pulpit in great mosques
- mütekâid: retired
- tezkire-i evvel: the grand vizier's first tezkireci, the secretary who handled his correspondence
- ze'âmet: a large timar with an annual revenue above 20,000 akçe
- mâlikâne: state property whose revenue was granted to a person for life
- selh: the last day of a Hijri month
- reîsü'l-küttâb: head of the divan secretaries, the official who conducted foreign correspondence
- şeâmet: ill omen, bad fortune
- esmân-ı hâsıla: the sums obtained from a sale
Four Executions before Uyvar
The gravest news of the entry is the executions, given toward the end in a single sentence. According to Hüsameddin's footnote, the cause was Şâmîzâde Mehmed Pasha's attempt to have his own son-in-law made grand vizier; the others shared in their misfortune. This event took place during Köprülüzâde Fâzıl Ahmed Pasha's 1663 Uyvar campaign. Fâzıl Ahmed Pasha's siege of the fortress of Uyvar (Érsekújvár), held by the Austrians, began on 17 August 1663, and the fortress was taken on 21 Safar 1074 (24 September 1663).
The study by Nejla Doğan and C. Şahin on the reisülküttab Şâmîzâde Mehmed Efendi sets out the background of the event in detail. Şâmîzâde, together with Mimar Kasım Ağa, had worked for Köprülü Mehmed Pasha's rise to the grand vizierate, served as reisülküttab between 1655 and 1663, and was regarded as Köprülü's "loyal friend." Kadızâde İbrâhim Pasha was his son-in-law, whom he had raised from his own kethüda service. Both took part in the Uyvar campaign and were executed while the siege was under way. Most chronicles of the period mention a letter showing that they had set their eyes on the grand vizierate; but researchers stress that the authenticity of this letter should be questioned, and that the first author to mention it was Evliya Çelebi. After the execution, Acemzâde Hüseyin Efendi, close to Fâzıl Ahmed Pasha, was appointed reisülküttab and Konakçı Hasan Pasha to İbrâhim Pasha's sanjak of Nikopol; Şâmîzâde's mansion passed into the hands of the Köprülüs. The authors regard this last detail as a symbol of the Köprülüs' emergence victorious from the struggle for power.
There is a small discrepancy over the date. Hüsameddin places the executions on "the last day of Muharram," a day corresponding to the beginning of September in 1074. According to Doğan and Şahin, Evliya Çelebi, Mehmed Halife, Silahdar, and İsazâde give this date as 9 Safar 1074 (12 September 1663), while the chronicle of Abdurrahman Pasha gives 10 Safar 1074. The difference is about ten days, and most of the sources support the Safar date. Hüsameddin's calling İbrâhim Pasha "Warden of Nikopol" agrees with recent research.
Another striking point in these executions is the Amasya origin of those who died. Kara Kadızâde İbrâhim Pasha, his paternal cousin the Governor of Amasya Mehmed Pasha, who gives this entry its name, and Hâbil Beyzâde Veli Pasha were from families of the same city. The previous entry told that Kadızâde İbrâhim Ağa was appointed warden of Nikopol with the rank of Rumeli in the first days of Fâzıl Ahmed Pasha's grand vizierate; within two years he lost his life on the order of the same grand vizier. No source other than Hüsameddin could be found for the executions of Mehmed Pasha and Veli Pasha; the study by Doğan and Şahin deals only with the execution of Şâmîzâde and his son-in-law.
The Hoca Sultan Tekke
The Hoca Sultan Tekke, whose sheikh's death is reported at the beginning of the entry, is one of the old Khalwati tekkes of Amasya. According to Kadir Özköse's study of the Khalwati tekkes of Amasya, the tekke stood in the former Darüsselam quarter, around today's Fethiye quarter. It was built in 880 [1475] by Şemseddin Ahmed Çelebi, the tutor of Prince Bayezid in Amasya, and its sheikhship was given to Cemâl Halvetî (Çelebi Halife), one of the great names of the Khalwati order. Afterward the trusteeship of the tekke remained with the Çelebizades, descendants of Cemâl Halvetî; when this lineage came to an end in Amasya in 1686, it passed into other hands. Muslihiddîn Mustafa Efendi, whom Hüsameddin mentions here as a Shabaniyya sheikh, belongs to the Shabaniyya branch of the Khalwati order.
The entry also records that Fâzıl Hızır Efendi, returned from Cyprus, became pulpit sheikh of Sultan Bayezid. In Hüseyin Yazıcı's study it is stated that Fâzıl Ahmed Pasha had him brought from Cyprus and in 1074 made him professor at the Yörgüç Pasha Madrasa; Hüsameddin's record of the pulpit sheikhship and Yazıcı's record of the professorship point to different posts in the same years after his return.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 4, pp. 587–588. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- Nejla Doğan, C. Şahin, "Osmanlı Sadareti Gölgesinde Güç ve İktidar Mücadeleleri: Reisülküttap Şamizade Mehmet Efendi Örneği", DEÜ Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 11/2 (2024), p. 724-754, https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3756044
- Abdülkadir Özcan, "Köprülüzâde Fâzıl Ahmed Paşa", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 2002, https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kopruluzade-fazil-ahmed-pasa
- Kadir Özköse, "Amasya'da Bulunan Halvetiyye Tekkeleri", Akademiar Dergisi, 5 (2018), p. 91-118, https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/606666
Other sources