Amasya meşâyih-i kirâmından Çelebi Halîfe demekle meşhûr Cemâlîzâde eş-Şeyh Cemaleddîn Mehmed Halvetî ahfâdından Hâce Sultân zâviyesi şeyhi Alâeddîn Efendi bin eş-Şeyh Hızır Efendi bin eş-Şeyh Şemseddîn Ahmed Efendi bin eş-Şeyh Cemaleddîn Mehmed el-Halvetî mahdûmudur. “Çelebi Şeyhzâde” demekle meşhûrdur.
Mu’ahharan Torumtay buk’ası şeyhi ve türbedârı olan pederinin vefâtında buk’a-yı mezkûre şeyhi ve türbedâr olup tahsîl-i ulûma himmet ederek mücâz olmuşdu. 1031’de zâviye-yi mezkûra aslı üzere müderris olduğundan azliyle müderrisliği diğerine verildi.
1043’de bil-imtihân Torumtay Medresesi Müderrisi olup tedrîs-i ulûm ederek 1044 hudûdunda vefât etdi. Âlim, sâlih, Halvetî-meşreb, müteşerri’ bir şeyh idi. Mahdûmu Sun’ullah Efendi’dir. Bunun mahdûmu kibâr-ı fuzalâdan el-Hâc Ömer Efendi 1095’de vefât etdi. [503] diğer mahdûmu Mustafa Efendi’dir. Bunun ahfâdından fuzalâdan el-Hâc Hüseyin Efendi de 1192’de vefât etdi.
In Modern English
He is one of the respected sheikhs of Amasya, a descendant of Cemâlîzâde Sheikh Cemaleddîn Mehmed Halvetî, famous as Çelebi Halife. He is the son of Alâeddîn Efendi, sheikh of the Hâce Sultân lodge; Alâeddîn Efendi was the son of Sheikh Hızır Efendi, Hızır Efendi the son of Sheikh Şemseddîn Ahmed Efendi, and he the son of Sheikh Cemaleddîn Mehmed Halvetî. He is known as "Çelebi Şeyhzâde."
On the death of his father, who had later become sheikh and tomb keeper of the Torumtay lodge, he became sheikh and tomb keeper of that lodge; having devoted effort to learning, he had received an icazet. In 1031, while müderris at the said lodge under the founding condition, he was dismissed and the müderrisship was given to another.
In 1043, as a result of an examination, he became Müderris of the Torumtay Madrasa and taught, and he died around 1044. He was a sheikh who was a scholar, pious, of Halvetî disposition and devoted to the sharia. His son is Sun'ullah Efendi. The latter's son, one of the great scholars, el-Hâc Ömer Efendi, died in 1095 [1683-84]. His other son is Mustafa Efendi. Among this one's descendants, el-Hâc Hüseyin Efendi, one of the scholars, died in 1192 [1778-79].
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- meşâyih-i kirâm: respected sheikhs
- ahfâd: grandchildren, descendants
- zâviye, buk'a: lodge, dergah; buk'a, a structure around a tomb or grave
- türbedâr: person in charge of the upkeep of a tomb
- mücâz: one who has received an icazet, authorized to teach
- bil-imtihân: by examination
- tedrîs-i ulûm: teaching
- Halvetî-meşreb: living in the line of the Halvetî order
- müteşerri': conforming to the sharia
- kibâr-ı fuzalâ: great scholars
Çelebi Halife and the Halvetî Order
Cemâl-i Halvetî, referred to as Çelebi Halife, has the name Muhammed, the epithet Hamidüddin and the pen name Cemâlî. He first studied in Amasya, went to Istanbul, had his first Sufi experience in the Zeyniyye order, then trained under various sheikhs, and having received a Halvetî icazet in Erzincan from Muhammed Bahâuddin Erzincânî, returned to Amasya as a caliph (halife). He received the close attention of Prince Bayezid II, then governor of Amasya, and Bayezid even became his disciple (Özköse, 2018). Şemseddin Ahmed Çelebi, Prince Bayezid's teacher in Amasya, had the Hoca Sultan Lodge built in 880 [1475], and the sheikhship of the lodge was given to Çelebi Halife. When Bayezid ascended the throne and summoned Cemal Halvetî to Istanbul, his son Bedreddin Mahmud Çelebi became sheikh in his place; afterward Hayreddin Hızır Çelebi, Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi and Alaeddin Çelebi became sheikhs of the lodge in turn. With the death of Mehmed Efendi in 1686 the Çelebizâde line in Amasya came to an end, and the lodge was continued by other families until 1759.
The "Hâce Sultân lodge" in the text must be this Hoca Sultan Lodge; the names Alâeddîn and Hızır coincide with the sequence of sheikhs. Whether the Şemseddîn Ahmed in Hüsameddin's lineage chain is the same person as Şemseddin Ahmed Çelebi who built the lodge is not stated clearly in the sources; moreover, Bedreddin Mahmud's name is absent from Hüsameddin's chain. For this reason it must be noted that the two lists do not coincide exactly.
The Tomb of Torumtay
The tomb built by Seyfeddin Torumtay in 1278 stands directly opposite the Gökmedrese Mosque. Besides Torumtay, his children and grandchildren are also buried in the same structure. The repair inscription of the two-story tomb, built mainly of cut stone, shows that it was repaired in 1891-92. The place Hüsameddin calls the "Torumtay buk'a" must be this tomb and its surroundings; however, no reliable information was found about the location and present condition of the "Torumtay Madrasa." That Çelebi Şeyhzâde became müderris by examination in 1043 shows that the madrasa was still functioning in the seventeenth century.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 159–159. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- Kadir Özköse, "Amasya'da Bulunan Halvetiyye Tekkeleri", Akademiar Dergisi, 5, December 2018, p. 91-118.
Official sources