AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · BİRİNCİ BÂB · ONUNCU FASIL · ÜÇÜNCÜ DEVRE-İ TÂRİHİYYE

Ahmed Pasha (Hoca)

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 4, p. 573–574 • Edited by: Doç. Dr. Hicabi GÜLGEN

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Amasyalıdır. İğnecizâde Hoca Ahmed Paşa’dır. 1058 senesi şevvâlinin yirmi birinde Amasya mutasarrıfı olup Girit Harbi’ne me’mûr olduğundan mütesellim-i sâbık Sefer Ağa’yı Amasya mütesellimliğinde ibkâ etdi.

Bu esnada Amasya Miralayı Hoca Paşazâde Mustafa Bey de Girit Harbi’nde mirlivâ olup kibâr-ı zu‘amâdan Gürcü Ali Bey Amasya alaybeyi oldu. Bunların her üçü de, Girit Harbi’yle meşgul idi.

Fakat Zemân Bey’in zamanında Müftü Dursunzâde Mustafa Efendi biraz lisâna geldiğinden şikâyet edilmişdi. Zilka’de gurresinde bu da azledilip yerine fâzıl-ı meşhûr Ca’ferzâde Hızır Efendi ilk defa Amasya müftüsü ve Sultâniyye müderrisi oldu.

Zilka’denin on sekizinci günü dergâh-ı âlî kapıcıbaşılarından Amasyalı Hasan Ağa evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellisi olup geldi. Üçler Mahallesinde pederi Mehmed Bey’den mevrûs hânesinde ikâmet etdi.

Zilhiccede Girit Harbi’nde Amasya Mutasarrıfı Hoca Ahmed Paşa mecrûh ve mahdûmu Mustafa Bey şehîd ve müteâkiben Amasya Alaybeyi Gürcü [105] Ali Bey de mecrûh olduğundan yerine alaybeyi olan Çavuşzâde Hasan Bey Amasya askerine başbûğ oldu. Meşâhir-i ulemâdan Hasan Efendizâde Abdülmelik Efendi vefât etdi. Bu sene seyyâh-ı meşhûr Evliyâ Çelebi Amasya’ya gelip Hacı Paşazâde Hüseyin Bey’e misafir olmuşdur.

1059 senesi gurre-i muharreminde Anadolu beylerbeyi ve serdârı Amasyalı Ankebût Ahmed Paşa’ya vezâret verildi. Amasya Mütesellimi Sefer Ağa erzâk ve levâzım-ı askeriyyeyi hâmilen Girit’e gidip evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellîsi olan Hasan Ağa mütesellim kâ’im-makâmı oldu.

Müteâkiben Kara Abdî Bey’in azliyle Bağdatlıoğlu Osmân Ağa şehir kethüdâsı olup Kadı İbrâhim Efendi hastalandı. Mahdûmu Mustafa Efendi ve rebîülevvelde diğer mahdûmu Abdullah Efendi Amasya nâibi oldu.

Rebîülâhirde Anadolu beylerbeyi ve Katırcıoğlu aleyhine serdâr olan Canikli Mehmed Paşa Katırcıoğlu’na karşı mağlup ve aciz olduğundan Köprülü Mehmed Paşa Anadolu beylerbeyi olup “Boynuyaralı” demekle meşhûr olan Canikli Paşa’nın i’dâmına me’mûr oldu.

Rebîülâhirin yirmi dokuzuncu günü Amasya Kadısı İbrâhim Efendi vefât eylediğinden Cumâdelûlâ gurresinden itibaren Zileli el-Hâc İslam Efendi Amasya kadısı ve Abdullah Efendi yine Amasya nâibi oldu.

Yine cumâdelûlâ gurresinde Torumtay müderrisi ve Hoca Ahmed Paşa imâmı olan Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Efendi Erzurum mollası [106] ve mahdûmu İbrâhim Efendi de yerine Torumtay müderrisi ve Ahmed Paşa’nın abd-i mu‘takı Rus Rıdvan Ağa Amasya kethüdâyeri oldu.

Cumâdelâhirede Anadolu Beylerbeyi Köprülü Mehmed Paşa’nın tedbiriyle Boynuyaralı Mehmed Paşa İstanbul’a gidip Vâlide Sultân’a dahîl olduğuna binâen i’dâmdan kurtuldu. Köprülü Mehmed Paşa da mazhar-ı teveccüh olup Amasya sancağı ber-vech-i hâs uhdesine tevcîh edildi.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was a native of Amasya. He is İğnecizâde Hoca Ahmed Pasha. On the twenty-first of Şevval 1058 [1648] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya. Since he was on duty in the Cretan War, he left the former mütesellim Sefer Ağa in the post of mütesellim of Amasya.

At this time Hoca Paşazâde Mustafa Bey, miralay (alaybeyi) of Amasya, became mirliva (sanjak governor) in the Cretan War; Gürcü Ali Bey, one of the great zeamet holders, became alaybeyi of Amasya. All three were engaged in the Cretan War.

On the other hand, in Zemân Bey's time Mufti Dursunzâde Mustafa Efendi, having come a little under people's tongues, had been complained of. On the first day of Zilkade he too was dismissed; in his place the famous scholar Ca'ferzâde Hızır Efendi became mufti of Amasya and müderris of the Sultaniye Madrasa for the first time.

On the eighteenth day of Zilkade, Hasan Ağa of Amasya, one of the kapıcıbaşıs of the Imperial Divan, came as mütevelli of the Sultan waqfs and lived in his house in the Üçler quarter, inherited from his father Mehmed Bey.

In Zilhicce, in the Cretan War, Hoca Ahmed Pasha, Mutasarrıf of Amasya, was wounded and his son Mustafa Bey fell as a martyr; then, when Gürcü Ali Bey, Alaybeyi of Amasya, was also wounded, Çavuşzâde Hasan Bey, who became alaybeyi in his place, became başbuğ (commander) of the Amasya troops. One of the famous scholars, Hasan Efendizâde Abdülmelik Efendi, died. This year the famous traveller Evliya Çelebi came to Amasya and was the guest of Hacı Paşazâde Hüseyin Bey.

On the first day of Muharrem 1059 [1649] the vizierate was given to Ankebût Ahmed Pasha of Amasya, Beylerbeyi and Serdar of Anatolia. Sefer Ağa, Mütesellim of Amasya, went to Crete to carry provisions and military supplies; Hasan Ağa, mütevelli of the Sultan waqfs, became deputy to the mütesellim.

Next, with the dismissal of Kara Abdî Bey, Bağdatlıoğlu Osman Ağa became city kethüda. Kadı İbrâhim Efendi fell ill; first his son Mustafa Efendi, and in Rebîülevvel his other son Abdullah Efendi, became naib (deputy judge) of Amasya.

In Rebîülâhir, since Canikli Mehmed Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Anatolia and serdar against Katırcıoğlu, was defeated and helpless before Katırcıoğlu, Köprülü Mehmed Pasha became beylerbeyi of Anatolia and was assigned to the execution of Canikli Pasha, known as "Boynuyaralı" (the Neck-wounded).

On the twenty-ninth day of Rebîülâhir, when Kadı İbrâhim Efendi of Amasya died, from the first day of Cemaziyelevvel el-Hâc İslam Efendi of Zile became kadı of Amasya, and Abdullah Efendi again naib of Amasya.

Also on the first day of Cemaziyelevvel, Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Efendi, müderris of Torumtay and imam of Hoca Ahmed Pasha, became molla (kadı) of Erzurum; his son İbrâhim Efendi became müderris of Torumtay in his place. Rus Rıdvan Ağa, Ahmed Pasha's freedman, became kethüdâyeri of Amasya.

In Cemaziyelâhir, through the contrivance of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Anatolia, Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha went to Istanbul and took refuge with the Valide Sultan and thus escaped execution. Köprülü Mehmed Pasha became a favourite, and the sanjak of Amasya was given to him as has.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • ibkâ: leaving in place, keeping in office
  • mîrâlây: alaybeyi, commander of the timar-holding sipahis of a sanjak
  • kibâr-ı zu'amâ: the great ones among the zeamet holders
  • lisâna gelmek: to come under people's tongues, to be talked about
  • fâzıl: virtuous, learned person
  • mevrûs: inherited
  • mecrûh: wounded
  • başbuğ: commander
  • seyyâh: traveller
  • vezâret: the vizierate
  • hâmilen: carrying, taking along
  • levâzım-ı askeriyye: military supplies
  • molla: kadı of the great cities
  • abd-i mu'tak: freed slave
  • dahîl olmak: to take refuge with someone, to seek his protection
  • mazhar-ı teveccüh: one who receives favour and compliments
  • ber-vech-i hâs: as has, in the form of a personal dirlik

Hoca Ahmed Pasha's Loss in Crete

Hüsameddin's biography volume confirms the events of this entry exactly. According to it, Hoca Ahmed Pasha was assigned to the Cretan War on the twenty-first of Şevval 1058 as mutasarrıf of Amasya for the third time and went with his son Mustafa Bey, alaybeyi of Amasya; in Zilhicce his son fell as a martyr and he himself returned wounded. On the first day of Receb 1059, when the sanjak of Amasya was given as has to Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Anatolia, he was dismissed and lived in Amasya. Thus the records of the biography and the history section complement each other.

Only one inconsistency needs attention. In the previous entry Hüsameddin writes that on this same twenty-first of Şevval the sanjak of Amasya was taken from the haseki and given to "Ahmed Pasha, former Beylerbeyi of Şehrizor." In this entry, however, the person who took the sanjak that day is İğnecizâde Hoca Ahmed Pasha. Since the Şehrizor beylerbeyiship does not appear in Hoca Ahmed Pasha's biography, it is probable that there is a confusion of names in one of the two records.

Evliya Çelebi in Amasya

Hüsameddin writes that Evliya Çelebi came to Amasya "this year", that is in 1058 [1648], and was the guest of Hacı Paşazâde Hüseyin Bey. In the biography volume too he says that Hacı Paşazâde Hüseyin Bey was descended from Abdullah Pasha, one of the beylerbeyis and builder of the mosque and darülhadis in the Sofular quarter, that in 1052 he lived in Amasya as mütevelli of this waqf, and that in 1058 he entertained the famous traveller Hâfız Evliya Çelebi in his mansion. Hüseyin Bey, who managed the waqf well for about nine years, died in 1061 [1651].

Present-day research places Evliya's visit to Amasya at another date. According to the chronology of his travels, Evliya Çelebi, in 1056 [1646], travelled to Erzurum by way of Bolu, Amasya and Niksar in the retinue of Defterdarzâde Mehmed Pasha, who had become beylerbeyi of Erzurum; Haşim Karpuz, who studied the Mevlevi lodges Evliya visited, also gives the date of the visit to the Amasya Mevlevi lodge as 1646. In the spring of 1648, Evliya came with his patron Defterdarzâde, who had rebelled, from Erzurum to Ankara by way of Erzincan, Merzifon and Çorum, and after witnessing the rebellion of Varvar Ali Pasha returned to Istanbul in July 1648 on news of his father's death. On this route the city of Amasya is not mentioned. Therefore Hüsameddin's date of 1058 is either the visit of 1056 placed in the wrong year, or Hüsameddin had other information that Evliya also called at Amasya during his journey to Merzifon; with the sources at hand this distinction could not be made.

Katırcıoğlu and Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha

The second half of the entry is tied to the Celâlî movement in Anatolia. According to Mücteba İlgürel's entry, Katırcıoğlu Mehmed was a Celâlî chief from Isparta; he gained fame in 1648 by killing Ahmed Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Anatolia, who had been sent against him, then joined the rebellion of Gürcü Abdünnebî and marched on Istanbul. The Celâlî forces were dispersed near Üsküdar on 26 Cemâziyelâhir 1059 [7 July 1649]. After continuing to plunder for some time Katırcıoğlu begged pardon, was pardoned through the mediation of Grand Vizier Kara Murad Pasha and received the sanjak of Beyşehir, and for a time stood in the circle of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha. In the Köprülü Mehmed Pasha entry too it is written that Köprülü was sent against Katırcıoğlu but prevented the war by persuading him to beg pardon.

The pasha Hüsameddin calls "Canikli" and "Boynuyaralı" appears in Abdülkadir Özcan's entry as Boynueğri Mehmed Pasha. Born in Canik, he had acquired the epithet "Boynueğri" or "Boynuyaralı" because he was wounded in the neck by a poisoned arrow in one of Murad IV's eastern campaigns. In 1648 he became beylerbeyi of Anatolia, and in this post his name was involved in some incidents of oppression; but on Köprülü Mehmed Pasha's advice he took refuge with Vâlide Turhan Sultan and was pardoned. This information agrees exactly with what Hüsameddin relates. Boynueğri Mehmed Pasha became grand vizier in 1656 and about four months later had to give up the seal to Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, who had saved him. The person Hüsameddin calls "Vâlide Sultân" is, in these years, Turhan Sultan, mother of Mehmed IV.

Quarters, Madrasa and Names

The Üçler quarter, where the mütevelli Hasan Ağa lived, still survives in Amasya under the same name; it appears among the city's quarters in the population records of the mid-nineteenth century too. The Torumtay Madrasa, where Ömer Efendi and his son were müderris, takes its name from Seyfeddin Torumtay, governor of Amasya in the thirteenth century. Torumtay's tomb opposite the Gök Madrasa was built in 1278 and stands today; no information was found on whether the madrasa itself has survived to the present.

Hoca Ahmed Pasha's freedman Rus Rıdvan Ağa appears again further on in Hüsameddin's book: in 1068 [1658], when Hoca Ahmed Pasha became mutasarrıf of Amasya for the fourth time and went to war, he made him mütesellim of Amasya. No information was found in other sources on Ca'ferzâde Hızır Efendi, Çavuşzâde Hasan Bey, Gürcü Ali Bey, Abdülmelik Efendi and Hacı Efendizâde Ömer Efendi.

Bibliography

Primary sources

Academic studies

Official sources

Volume 4 contents

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