AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · İKİNCİ BÂB · BİRİNCİ FASIL

Alp Arslan Şâh-Emîr Celâleddîn Selçukî

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 7, p. 340 • Edited by: Prof. Dr. Safi ARPAGUŞ- Prof. Dr. Ahmet Hakkı TURABİ

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

[250] Amasya hükümdârı Sultân Tâceddîn Altunbaş Gâzi Çelebi bin Sultân Gıyaseddîn Mes’ûd bin Sultân İzzeddîn Keykavus Selçûkî şehzâdesidir. Simre-i Havza’da büyüdü. Pederinin devr-i hükûmetinde Amasya’ya geldi.

Amasya hükümdârı Hacı Kutlu Şâh’ın dayısı olduğu münâsebetle kendisine Amasya’nın şimâlinde kâin bir çiftlik temlîk edildi. Hacı Kutlu Şâhzâde Hacı Şadgeldi Paşa’nın devri emâretinde bu çiftliğinde müsterîhâne yaşadı. 768 hudûdunda vefât etdi.

Bu çiftlik “Alp Arslan Çiftliği” diye ma’rûf olup avâm dilinde “İl Arslan” dendi. Sonra bütün nâhiye ve merkezi “İlarslan nâhiyesi, İlarslan kasabası” diye meşhûr oldu.

Mahdûmları Ali, Hasan Çelebilerdir. Ali Beyzâde Alp Arslan Bey aşağıda gelir. Hâce Hasan Çelebizâde Hâce İbrâhim Çelebi tercemesi yukarıda geçti. Hâce İbrâhim Çelebizâde Hâce Hasan Çelebi Gelgirâs kasabasında ikâmet etmişdi. Bunun mahdûmları Tâceddîn, [251] Hayreddîn, Selîm Çelebilerdir.

Hâce el-Hâc Tâceddîn Çelebizâde el-Hâc İvaz Çelebi’dir. Trabzon Beylerbeyi Hayreddîn Paşa olup mahdûmları Hasan Paşa ile Mehmed Bey’dir. Mehmed Beyzâde Şücaeddîn Paşa’dır.

El-Hâc Selîm Çelebi mahdûmları Mehmed Şâh, Kâsım Çelebiler ve kerîmesi Ayşe Hâtun Sultân olup Sultân Selîm Hân-ı evvelin vâlidesidir. Mehmed Şâh Çelebizâde Kâsım Paşa’dır. Kâsım Çelebi de “Tozkoparan” demekle meşhûr olup Sultân Bâyezîd-i Sânî devrinde Dîvân-ı hümâyûn kâtibi idi. İstanbul’da mescidi hazîresinde medfûndur.

İstitrâd

Alp: Türk dilinde elifin fethi ve lâmın sükûnuyla selb vezninde “hakîm, müdekkik, müteharrî” manâsınadır. Buna Yelb de denir. Korkut Alp gibi. Hakîm, müdekkik, Korkut Ata demekdir.

Alp: Elifin meddi ve lâmın sükûnuyla kalb vezninde [252] “gâyet şecî’, pehlivân, bahâdır, kahraman” ma’nâsına olduğu gibi “birden parlantı” manasına da olur. Buna “Yalb” denir. “Pars Alp” denir. “Gâyet yiğit, Pars hayvanı” demek olur. Meşhûr “Efrâsiyâb”ın Türkçe adıdır. “Alp etdi” denir. “Yalp etdi” demek olur.

İlp: Elifin kesre-i meftûhası ve lâmın yine sükûnuyla “serî’, çâlâk, cesûr, cüretkâr” manâsınadır. Buna “Yîlp” da denir. “İlp Adam” denir, “serî’, çâlâk, fa’âl, cesûr adam” demek olur. Bunun sıfat fiiline de “Yılpık” denmekdedir.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was a Seljuk prince, son of Sultan Tâceddîn Altunbaş Gâzi Çelebi, ruler of Amasya (son of Sultan Gıyaseddîn Mes'ûd, grandson of Sultan İzzeddîn Keykavus). He grew up in the Havza district and came to Amasya during his father's reign.

Because he was the maternal uncle of Hacı Kutlu Şâh, ruler of Amasya, a farm north of Amasya was granted to him as property. He lived at ease on this farm during the emirate of Hacı Kutlu Şâh's son, Hacı Şadgeldi Pasha, and died around 768 [1366-67].

This farm became known as "Alp Arslan Farm," and in the speech of the common people it was called "İl Arslan." Later the whole surrounding nahiye and its center became famous as "the İlarslan nahiye, the town of İlarslan."

His sons were Ali and Hasan Çelebi. Alp Arslan Bey, son of Ali Bey, appears below. The life of Hâce İbrâhim Çelebi, son of Hâce Hasan Çelebi, was given above. Hâce Hasan Çelebi, son of Hâce İbrâhim Çelebi, had lived in the town of Gelgirâs. His sons were Tâceddîn, Hayreddîn and Selîm Çelebi.

The son of Hâce el-Hâc Tâceddîn Çelebi was el-Hâc İvaz Çelebi. The sons of Hayreddîn Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Trabzon, were Hasan Pasha and Mehmed Bey. Mehmed Bey's son was Şücaeddîn Pasha.

The sons of el-Hâc Selîm Çelebi were Mehmed Şâh and Kâsım Çelebi; his daughter was Ayşe Hâtun Sultan, mother of Sultan Selîm Khan the First. The son of Mehmed Şâh Çelebi was Kâsım Pasha. Kâsım Çelebi was also famous by the nickname "Tozkoparan"; in the reign of Sultan Bâyezîd the Second he was a scribe of the Imperial Council. He is buried in the hazîre (the burial ground around his mosque) in Istanbul.

İstitrâd (a digression)

Alp: in Turkish, with the first letter vowelled with a fatha and the second without a vowel, on the pattern "selb," it means "sage, meticulous, investigator." This is also called "Yelb." As in Korkut Alp. This word, meaning "sage, careful investigator," describes Korkut Ata.

Alp: with the first letter lengthened and the second without a vowel, on the pattern "kalb," it means "very brave, wrestler, bahadır, hero," and it can also mean "a sudden flash." This is called "Yalb." One says "Pars Alp," meaning "very valiant, like the pars, the leopard." It is the Turkish name of the famous Efrâsiyâb. One says "Alp etti," which means "Yalp etti."

İlp: with a kesra on the first letter and again no vowel on the second, it means "agile, quick, brave, daring." This is also called "Yîlp." One says "İlp adam," meaning "an agile, quick, active, brave man." The participle of this word is also called "Yılpık."

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • simre: district, surroundings
  • temlîk: granting something to a person as property
  • müsterîhâne: at ease, without worry
  • ma'rûf: well known
  • avâm: the common people
  • mahdûm: son
  • kerîme: daughter
  • medfûn: buried
  • hazîre: the burial ground around a building
  • istitrâd: a digression giving related side information

Altunbaş and His Sons

The Alp Arslan of the text is one of the princes of Tâceddîn Altunbaş, son of the Seljuk sultan Gıyaseddin Mesud the Second. It is generally accepted that the Seljuk dynasty formally ended in 1308, though some princes are known to have lived on for a while in the frontier regions. According to a report based on Müneccimbaşı, Demirtaş, sent to Anatolia in 1317 by the Ilkhanid ruler Abu Said, searched out and destroyed those of Seljuk descent; Hüsameddin writes that Altunbaş was among those who escaped and that he was called "Gazi Çelebi" or "Şah Melik Çelebi." Yınanç also notes that Amasya came for a time under Altunbaş's rule and was taken in 742 [1341] by Hâbiloğlu.

According to Hüsameddin, Altunbaş had four sons named Mesud Çelebi, Alp Arslan, Keykubad and Keyhüsrev, and each lived on farms set aside for him around Amasya. Mesud Çelebi had succeeded his father in the Havza district, Keykubad lived in the Ladik district, and Alp Arslan in the Amasya district; Keyhüsrev stayed with his father. Altunbaş's descendants eventually divided into three branches: the İlarslan line, the Kılıç Arslan line, and the Keykubad line, known as the "Kubadoğulları" because they lived in Ladik. The farm of the Alp Arslan in the text is the İlarslan nahiye that gave the first branch its name. The author of the article notes that Hüsameddin gives most of this information without citing a source.

According to the same article, those linked to the İlarslan branch include Ayşe Hatun, mother of Selim the First, Hayreddin Hızır Pasha, governor of Trabzon, and Hasan Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Konya. For Ayşe Hatun the article cites Mustafa Vâzıh's history of the city of Amasya. This point does not agree with present knowledge: the mother of Yavuz Sultan Selim, Ayşe Hatun, is known as the daughter of Alâüddevle Bozkurt Bey of the Dulkadirids. In some sources the name "Gülbahar" appears for the mother, but this name is understood to be a later attribution. Because Hüsameddin's connection of this information to the İlarslan line does not fit the established records on Selim's mother, it should be read with caution. Kâsım Çelebi's nickname "Tozkoparan" and his post as a scribe of the Council could not be verified in the sources read.

It is reported that the paternal grandmother of Hacı Şadgeldi Pasha was a daughter of Altunbaş. On this reading, the mother of Şadgeldi's father, Hacı Kutlu Şâh, was Altunbaş's daughter, and Altunbaş's son Alp Arslan would be Kutlu Şâh's maternal uncle. The text's note that he was the "maternal uncle" fits this kinship; but it is not clear whether the two sources rest on the same information, and this matching is an inference.

The Word Alp

Alp is a name, adjective and title meaning "hero, brave, valiant, gazi" in many old and modern Turkic dialects. Kâşgarlı Mahmud records that the Turks called the legendary hero whom the Iranians call Efrâsiyâb "Toña Alp Er." Hüsameddin's mention of Efrâsiyâb agrees with this record. Between the tenth and fourteenth centuries many people, from rulers to minor commanders, bore the word alp as a name or title; the Great Seljuk ruler Alparslan and Gündüz Alp, named as the grandfather of Osman Gazi, are among them. The forms "Yalb," "İlp" and "Yılpık" that Hüsameddin gives, and the meaning "sage, meticulous," do not appear in the source read and could not be verified.

That "İlarslan" arose from "Alp Arslan" through popular corruption is also Hüsameddin's account; no information about the present state of this place name or any other explanation was found in the sources read.

Bibliography

Primary sources

  • Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 340–340. amasya.bel.tr

Academic studies

Volume 7 contents

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