Amasyalıdır. Hacı Şâdgeldi Pâdişâh ümerâsından Kayabaşı Mahalesi’nde sâkin Emîr Şücaeddîn Pehlivân Bey bin Kaya Bey’in evlâdından Halîl Bey’in oğludur. Sultân Murâd-ı Sânî ümerâsından olup 847’de Varna Harbi’nde şehîden vefât etdi. Mahdûmu Halîl Bey’dir.
Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · İKİNCİ BÂB · İKİNCİ FASIL
Bayat Bey — Pehlivanoğlu
Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 7, p. 397 • Edited by: Prof. Dr. Safi ARPAGUŞ- Prof. Dr. Ahmet Hakkı TURABİ
Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)
Our Research Article
Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk
In Modern English
He was a native of Amasya. He was the son of Halil Bey, a descendant of Emir Şücaeddin Pehlivan Bey, son of Kaya Bey, who was one of the emirs of Hacı Şâdgeldi Padişah and lived in the Kayabaşı quarter. He was among the emirs of Sultan Murad II and died a martyr at the Battle of Varna in 847 [1443-44]. His son was Halil Bey.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- ümerâ: emirs, commanders
- sâkin: resident
- mahale: quarter, neighbourhood
- evlâd: lineage, children and grandchildren
- şehîden vefât etmek: to die as a martyr
- mahdûm: son
Reading the Text
At first glance the sentence can be read as presenting Pehlivan Bey himself as an emir of Şâdgeldi. The word order allows another reading: Emir Şücaeddin Pehlivan Bey, son of Kaya Bey, an emir of Şâdgeldi who lived in Kayabaşı, is mentioned as an ancestor, while the person named in the heading is the son of Halil Bey, a descendant of that family. This reading is an inference. What supports it is that Şâdgeldi ruled as emir from 1359 to 1381, whereas the Battle of Varna took place in 1444, about sixty-three years after Şâdgeldi's death. It seems unlikely that the same man served both Şâdgeldi and Murad II.
The Battle of Varna
The battle was fought near Varna on 28 Receb 848 (10 November 1444). On the right of the Ottoman army stood the Anatolian Beylerbeyi Karaca Bey and Süleyman Bey, who led the troops of Edirne; on the left stood the Rumelian Beylerbeyi Şehâbeddin Şahin Pasha. The first Hungarian attack fell on the Anatolian wing, which was for a time in serious difficulty, and Karaca Bey died fighting. Murad II then moved his own troops forward again; the Hungarian king, charging at the camp, fell into the ditch with his horse and was killed, and the crusader army broke up. Among the commanders who fell as martyrs, besides Karaca Bey, are Fenârîzâde Hasan Pasha, Bedreddin, the kadı of Vardar Yenicesi, and Su Şeyh. Pehlivan Bey's name does not appear in the source that was read. It is possible that he was among the sipahi troops that came from Anatolia, but this too is an inference.
Hüsameddin gives the date of death as 847. The Hijri year 847 ended in the spring of 1444, so it falls before the beginning of 848, the year of the battle. The difference of a year may come from another record that Hüsameddin used or from a slip in writing; which of these it is could not be verified.
The Kayabaşı Quarter and the Family
No information was found in the sources that were read about the present name and location of the Kayabaşı quarter, about Pehlivan Bey's family, or about Halil Bey and his son.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 397–397. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- Feridun Emecen, "Varna Muharebesi", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 2012. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/varna-muharebesi
- Mehterhan Furkani, "Siyasî ve İlmî Bir Kişilik: Amasya Emiri Hacı Şadgeldi Paşa ve ed-Dürerü'l-mensûretü fi'l-furû' Adlı Eserin Kendisine Nispeti", Uluslararası Amasya Âlimleri Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı I, Amasya Üniversitesi, 2017.