AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · İKİNCİ BÂB · İKİNCİ FASIL

Bayrâm Efendi — Ahî Recebzâde el-Hâc

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 7, p. 398 • Edited by: Prof. Dr. Safi ARPAGUŞ- Prof. Dr. Ahmet Hakkı TURABİ

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Amasyalıdır. Ulemâdan Ramazân Çelebi bin Şa’bân Çelebi bin Mevlânâ Sadreddîn Receb Çelebi bin Veli mahdûmudur. Fuzalâdan Mevlânâ Bahşî Halîfe ve tilmîzi Mevlânâ es-Seyyid Muhyiddîn Mehmed Çelebi’den ikmâl-i tahsîl edib ders-i âm oldu.

Otuz yıldan ziyâde tedrîs-i ulûm edib Amasya’da medreseleri devrederek Yörgüç Paşa müderrisi oldu. [448] Bu esnâda Amasya vâlisi Şehzâde Sultân Mustafa huddâmına mu’allim olup şöhret-i ilmiyesi arttı.

960 senesi şevvâlinde Şehzâde-i müşârün-ileyhin şehâdetine binâen Hüseyin Ağa müderrisliği ile tatyîb edildi. 965’de Amasya vâlisi olan Şehzâde Sultân Bâyezîd’e tekarrub eylediğinden 966’da Şehzâde-i müşârün-ileyhin kıyâmında menkûb oldu. Şehzâdeye nasîhat etmediğinden İstanbul’a celb ve Yedikule’de habs edildi.

Altı ay kadar mahbûs kalıp 967’de berâ’et-i zimmeti zâhir olduğundan afv ü ıtlâk edilmekle beraber yol mesârifi taraf-ı Pâdişâhîden ihsân edilerek Hicâz’a gitdi. 968’de avdet edib 969’da vefât eyledi. Ceddi Ahî Receb yanında medfûndur.

Âlim, fâzıl, ulûm-i Arabiyye ve edebiyyede kâmil, tevârih ve muhâzarâta vâkıf, mü’eddeb, gâyet fakîh, usûlî, müteşerri’ bir zât idi. Mahdûmları Mehmed, Şa’bân, Ramazân Efendilerdir. Şa’bân Efendi’nin mahdûmları Biber Mehmed, Hasan, Mahmûd Efendilerdir. Bunlara [449] Bayrâmzâdeler dendi.

Biber Mehmed Efendi, mevâlîden olup mahdûmu Mısır kadısı Alî Rızaî Efendi’dir. Hasan Efendi Rûmeli kazaskeri olup mahdûmu sudûr-i ilmiyyeden eş-Şeyh Mahmûd Şifâyî Efendi’dir. Mahmûd Efendi Rûmeli kudât-ı kibârından olup mahdûmu İsmâîl Efendi’dir. Bunların terâcim-i ahvâli aşağıda gelir.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was a native of Amasya. He was the son of Ramazan Çelebi, son of Şaban Çelebi, son of Mevlânâ Sadreddin Receb Çelebi, son of Veli, among the scholars. He completed his studies under the virtuous scholar Mevlânâ Bahşî Halife and under that man's pupil Mevlânâ es-Seyyid Muhyiddin Mehmed Çelebi, and came to give open lectures.

After teaching the sciences for more than thirty years and serving in turn at the madrasas of Amasya, he became professor at the Yörgüç Pasha Madrasa. In this period he became tutor to the retinue of the governor of Amasya, Prince Sultan Mustafa, and his fame as a scholar grew.

In Şevval of the year 960 [1553], when the prince just mentioned was put to death as a martyr, he was consoled with the professorship of the Hüseyin Ağa Madrasa. Because he had drawn close to Prince Sultan Bayezid, who became governor of Amasya in 965 [1557-58], disaster befell him during that prince's revolt in 966 [1558-59]. Because he had not counselled the prince, he was summoned to Istanbul and imprisoned in Yedikule.

He remained in prison for about six months; in 967 [1559-60], when his innocence came to light, he was pardoned and released, and with his travel expenses granted by the sultan he went to the Hijaz. He returned in 968 [1560-61] and died in 969 [1561-62]. He is buried beside his forefather Ahi Receb.

He was a scholar, a virtuous man, accomplished in the Arabic sciences and in literature, versed in history and in literary conversation, well-mannered, a deeply learned jurist, a scholar of the principles of jurisprudence, and devoted to the sharia. His sons were Mehmed, Şaban and Ramazan Efendi. The sons of Şaban Efendi were Biber Mehmed, Hasan and Mahmud Efendi. They were called Bayramzâdes.

Biber Mehmed Efendi belonged to the learned class, and his son was Ali Rızaî Efendi, kadı of Egypt. Hasan Efendi became kazasker of Rumeli, and his son was Şeyh Mahmud Şifâyî Efendi, one of the leading men of the learned class. Mahmud Efendi was among the senior judges of Rumeli, and his son was İsmail Efendi. Their biographies come below.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • ders-i âm: one who gives open lectures, a teacher who has received a licence
  • ikmâl-i tahsîl: completing one's studies
  • huddâm: servants, retinue
  • tatyîb: consoling, showing consideration
  • menkûb: struck by disaster
  • kıyâm: uprising
  • berâ'et-i zimmet: the establishing of one's innocence
  • afv ü ıtlâk: pardon and release
  • muhâzarât: literary conversation, witticisms and anecdotes
  • usûlî: scholar of the principles of jurisprudence
  • müteşerri': devoted to the sharia
  • mevâlî: the learned class, those on the path to professorships and judgeships
  • sudûr-i ilmiyye: leading figures of the learned class

Prince Mustafa and Prince Bayezid

The two princes in the text are sons of Suleiman the Magnificent. Prince Mustafa was sanjak bey of Amasya and was killed on 6 October 1553; this date fits the Şevval 960 that Hüsameddin gives. After this Amasya lost its character as the centre where princes gained administrative experience, and Manisa took its place. Prince Bayezid was transferred from Kütahya to Amasya on 6 September 1558 and, after a long journey, entered the city on 21 December 1558. He took the transfer as an insult and made preparations against his father. The sultan had fatwas obtained stating that he and his followers ought to be killed. Bayezid was defeated near Konya in a two-day battle that began on 30 May 1559, returned to Amasya, left the city with his sons on 7 July, and in mid-August 1559 took refuge in Iran. These events agree with the years 965-966 that Hüsameddin gives.

That Bayram Efendi was imprisoned for having drawn close to Prince Bayezid in Amasya is Hüsameddin's record. The sources that were read do not mention Bayram Efendi's name. If one considers that the sultan had fatwas obtained about the prince's followers, his being accused of not counselling the prince and sent to Yedikule may be a result of that climate; but this is an inference and could not be verified by a document.

The Yörgüç Pasha Madrasa and the Bayramzâdes

Yörgüç Pasha stands at the head of the best-known branch of the Atabeyzâde family, which held important posts in Amasya; his descendants were called Yörgüç Paşazâdes. The descendants of his brother Hızır Pasha are called Hızır Paşazâdes. No information was found in the sources that were read about the founding of the Yörgüç Pasha Madrasa and the Hüseyin Ağa Madrasa, Bayram Efendi's posts at the madrasas, his forefather Ahi Receb, or his grandfather Sadreddin Receb Çelebi. A scholar of the same name, Bayramzâde Zekeriyyâ Efendi, was born in Ankara and rose to the office of şeyhülislam; his father was Ankaralı Bayram Efendi. The sources that were read do not connect him with the Bayramzâdes of Amasya, so it would not be right to link the two families. No record was found in the sources that were read about Biber Mehmed, Hasan and Mahmud Efendi, whom Hüsameddin lists, or about their sons.

Bibliography

Primary sources

  • Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 398–399. amasya.bel.tr

Academic studies

Volume 7 contents

Karekod · QR code

Bu sayfanın karekodudur. A5 olarak yazdırıp asabilir ya da yapıştırabilirsiniz; okutan kişi doğrudan bu içeriğe ulaşır.

This QR code links to this page. Print it on A5 and post it anywhere; scanning it opens this content.