Köprülüdür. Çumuluzâde Hacı Ali Paşa’nın mahdûmudur. Züamâdan olup 1193 zilhiccesinde Amasya alaybeyi ve 1194’de Amasya mütesellimi olup 1195’de [319] ma’zûlen Köprü’ye avdet etdi.
1203 zilhiccesinde sâniyen Amasya alaybeyi ve ba’dehû Köprü voyvadası olup 1208’de Nizâm-ı Cedîd’e muhâlefet eylediğinden Diyarbekir’e nefyedildi. 1210’da avdet edib Battâl Hüseyin Paşa’ya intisâb eylediğinden sâyesinde sâniyen Köprü voyvadası oldu.
Köprü Müftüsü Kıldırzâde el-Hâc Mustafa Efendi bunun zamanında fecî’ bir sûretde şehîd edildiğinden 1215’de azledildi. Ba’dehû Trabzon’a gidip Tayyâr Mahmûd Paşa’ya intisâb ederek 1216’da sâlisen Köprü voyvadası oldu.
1222’de Tayyâr Mahmûd Paşa’nın sadâret kâim-makâmlığında dergâh-ı âlî kapıcıbaşılığına nâil olduysa da 1223’de Sultân Mahmûd-i Sânî’nin cülûsunda Tayyâr Paşa i’dâm edildikde Trabzon’a firâr edib orada i’dâm edildi. Usûl-i atîka tarafdârı, hadem ü haşeme mâil, zî-nüfûz, cebbâr, zâlim idi. Bütün emvâli ve emlâkı müsâdere edilerek Beytülmâl’e kaldı. [320]
In Modern English
He was from Köprü. He was the son of Çumuluzâde Hacı Ali Pasha. He was one of the zeamet holders; in Zilhicce 1193 [December 1779] he became alaybeyi of Amasya and in 1194 [1780-81] mütesellim (deputy governor) of Amasya; in 1195 [1781-82] he was dismissed and returned to Köprü.
In Zilhicce 1203 [1789] he became alaybeyi of Amasya for the second time and then voivode of Köprü; in 1208 [1793-94] he was exiled to Diyarbekir for opposing the Nizâm-ı Cedîd. Returning in 1210 [1795-96], he attached himself to Battal Hüseyin Pasha and through his influence became voivode of Köprü for the second time.
Because the Mufti of Köprü, Kıldırzâde el-Hâc Mustafa Efendi, was martyred in a cruel manner in his time, he was dismissed in 1215 [1800-01]. He then went to Trabzon, attached himself to Tayyar Mahmud Pasha and in 1216 [1801-02] became voivode of Köprü for the third time.
In 1222 [1807-08], while Tayyar Mahmud Pasha was acting as deputy of the grand vizier, he attained the post of kapıcıbaşı of the exalted court [dergâh-ı âlî]; but in 1223 [1808-09], when Tayyar Pasha was executed at the accession of Mahmud II, he fled to Trabzon and was executed there. He was a partisan of the old order, fond of servants and retinue, influential, tyrannical and cruel. All his wealth and property was confiscated and went to the state treasury (Beytülmâl).
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- mahdûm: son
- züamâ: zeamet holders, holders of large military fiefs
- alaybeyi: head of the sipahi units of a sanjak
- mütesellim: deputy who governs a city on behalf of a governor or sanjak administrator
- ma'zûlen: having been dismissed
- avdet: return
- voyvoda: administrator of a district or collector of revenue from a waqf or crown estate
- nefyedilmek: to be exiled
- muhâlefet: opposition
- fecî': bitter, grievous
- sadâret kâim-makâmı: deputy of the grand vizier
- kapıcıbaşı: head of the palace gatekeepers; later also granted as a rank
- usûl-i atîka: the old way, the old order
- hadem ü haşem: servants and the retinue around a man
- müsâdere: confiscation of property by the state
- Beytülmâl: the state treasury
The Canikli Family and Tayyar Mahmud Pasha
Tayyar Mahmud Pasha, named in the text, was the last strong representative of the Canikli family, which was influential on the Black Sea coast and in central Anatolia from the middle of the eighteenth century to the early nineteenth. The founder of the family, Canikli Hacı Ali Pasha, received the sanjak of Amasya as a life-tenure grant (mâlikâne) in 1772; Tokat, Trabzon and other sanjaks were added later. Battal Hüseyin Pasha was his elder son, and Tayyar Mahmud was Battal Hüseyin's son.
According to the sequence given in the encyclopedia entry, Tayyar Mahmud Pasha was sent against the mountain bandits of Rumeli in 1800; in 1805, incited by enemies of the Nizâm-ı Cedîd, he gathered forces and attacked the lands of the Çapanoğlu family, defenders of the Nizâm-ı Cedîd, seized Tokat and Zile, was removed from his posts and fled to Crimea. When the Kabakçı Mustafa uprising of 1807 abolished the Nizâm-ı Cedîd and Mustafa IV came to the throne, he was pardoned, returned to Istanbul on 20 October 1807 and was appointed governor of Trabzon and then deputy of the grand vizier. On 11 March 1808 he was dismissed and exiled, appointed to the garrison command of Varna, and in July 1808, with the accession of Mahmud II, he was executed. Hüsameddin's "deputy of the grand vizier in 1222" and "the accession of Mahmud II in 1223" fit this sequence.
Rivalry in Amasya
The period 1193-1195 [1779-82], in which Hüsameddin places Hacı Paşazâde's service as alaybeyi and mütesellim of Amasya, coincides with the years in which Amasya changed hands between the Canikli and the Çapanoğlu families. According to the same entry, the notables of Amasya took refuge with Çapanoğlu Mustafa Bey at the end of 1778, Amasya fell into Çapanoğlu's hands in mid-1779, and in 1781 the Canikli were pardoned and Amasya was again given to a Canikli son as a revenue grant (arpalık). Which side Hacı Paşazâde of Köprü took in this rivalry cannot be told from the text or the sources read; only that he was close to the Canikli family can be inferred from his attachment to Battal Hüseyin and Tayyar Mahmud.
A Conflict of Dates
Hüsameddin writes that Hacı Paşazâde returned from exile in Diyarbekir in 1210 [1795-96] and attached himself to Battal Hüseyin Pasha. According to the encyclopedia entry, however, Battal Hüseyin Pasha fell into the hands of the Russians at Anapa in 1790, lived in captivity for about nine years, was pardoned only at the end of March 1799 and appointed governor of Trabzon, and died in March 1801. Attaching himself to Battal Hüseyin in 1210 therefore does not agree with the historical sequence. It is probable that the year Hüsameddin gives, or the person to whom he attached himself, was recorded wrongly (inference); the true situation could not be established.
Could Not Be Verified
Whether Çumuluzâde Hacı Ali Pasha is the same person as Canikli Hacı Ali Pasha, the killing of the Mufti of Köprü, Kıldırzâde Mustafa Efendi, the exile of Hacı Paşazâde to Diyarbekir and the place of his execution could not be found in the sources read. The place of Tayyar Mahmud Pasha's execution is also not stated in the encyclopedia entry; Hüsameddin's "Trabzon" could therefore not be verified. No information on Köprülü Hacı Paşazâde Emîn Mehmed Bey was found in other sources.
Bibliography
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 361–361. amasya.bel.tr
- Özcan Mert, "Canikli Hacı Ali Paşa Ailesi", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 7, İstanbul 1993, p. 151–154. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/canikli-haci-ali-pasa-ailesi