Amasya‘da Hâce Sultân Tekkesi şeyhi Tokatlı Resûl Efendi’nin mahdûmudur. Amasya fuzalâsından ve hâssaten Kadızâde Küçük Mehmed Efendi’den ikmâl-i tahsîl edib 1027’de [136] ders-i âm olup yıllarca tedrîs-i ulûm etdi.
Ba’dehû Amasya medreselerine sırasıyla müderris olup 1062’de altmış akçe vazîfe yevmiye ile üçüncü defa Yörgüç Paşa Müderrisi ve 1065’de medrese-i mezbûre ile mütekâid olduğu halde 1067 senesi zilka’desinde dâr-ı naime irtihâl etdi. Âlim, fâzıl, kâmil, vâiz bir zât idi. Mahdûmu Mehmed Efendi’dir.
In Modern English
He was the son of Tokatlı Resûl Efendi, sheikh of the Hâce Sultân Tekke in Amasya. After completing his studies under the scholars of Amasya, especially Kadızâde Küçük Mehmed Efendi, in 1027 [1618] he began to give general lectures and taught for years.
Afterwards he became professor at the Amasya madrasas in turn; in 1062 [1652] he became professor of the Yörgüç Paşa Madrasa for the third time with a stipend of sixty akçe a day, in 1065 [1654-55] he retired with that madrasa, and he died in Dhu al-Qa'da 1067 [1657]. He was a scholar, a man of virtue, mature, and a preacher. His son is Mehmed Efendi.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- mahdûm: son
- fuzalâ: scholars, men of virtue
- ikmâl-i tahsîl: completing one's studies
- ders-i âm: giving general lectures, a public lecture
- tedrîs-i ulûm: teaching the sciences
- müderris: teacher giving lessons in a madrasa
- vazîfe: daily allowance paid in return for a post
- mütekâid: retired
- dâr-ı naîm: abode of bliss, paradise; here, to die
- irtihâl: departure, death
- fâzıl, kâmil, vâiz: learned, mature, preacher
The Hâce Sultân Tekke and Resûl Efendi
Resûl Efendi, named as İsmâil Efendi's father, appears in the fourth volume of the book as "sheikh of the Hoca Sultân Tekke" when the sheikhs of Amasya around 1017 are listed. In another place in the same volume it is written that on the twenty-third of Dhu al-Hijja 1017 a shortfall was found in the accounts of Sheikh Resûl Efendi, sheikh of the Hoca Sultân Tekke and trustee of the waqf, and that he was thereupon forced to hand over the management of the waqf and the sheikhship to the scholar Pîr Mehmed Efendi. Hüsameddin adds that, since Sheikh Resûl Efendi was someone beloved in the hearts of the people, some attributed the talk and rumor that arose about him to the personal ambition of the judge, and others to the Sheikh's honesty. It is plausible that the "Tokatlı Resûl Efendi" of the text and this Sheikh Resûl Efendi are the same person; but Hüsameddin does not say so explicitly. If the match is right, 1027, when İsmâil Efendi began to give general lectures, is about ten years after his father's loss of office in 1017. The founder of the Hâce Sultân Tekke, Hâce Sultân Şemseddîn Ahmed Çelebi, and the later trustees of the waqf are treated in the preceding entry.
Kadızâde Küçük Mehmed Efendi
Kadızâde Küçük Mehmed Efendi, under whom İsmâil Efendi completed his studies, is in Hüsameddin's book one of the main teachers of this generation. In the introduction to the first volume, when the well-known scholars of Amasya are listed, his name appears side by side with Bahşîzâde Yahyâ and Müeyyedzâde Pîrî. Among those said in the sixth volume of the book to have studied under him are Dereli Ebûbekir Efendi (who retired from the Hüsâmiyye Madrasa in 1058), Merzifonlu Hayâtî Ebûbekir Efendi (who died in 1068) and Arpacızâde Seyyid İbrâhim Efendi. Other professors of the same period also studied under him. İsmâil Efendi's teaching life, beginning in 1027, therefore passed within a wide circle of lessons in Amasya.
The Yörgüç Paşa Madrasa
The Yörgüç Paşa Madrasa, from which İsmâil Efendi retired, is part of the complex in Amasya of Yörgüç Pasha, who governed Amasya in the first half of the fifteenth century. Yörgüç Pasha was assigned as tutor to Prince Murad when Çelebi Sultan Mehmed sent his twelve-year-old son to Amasya in 1414 with the beylik of the province of Rum; he rose after Murad II's accession, died in Dhu al-Hijja 845 [April-May 1442], and was buried in the tomb of the mosque he had built in Amasya. As understood from the waqf deeds and the tax registers, he had a mosque, madrasa, imaret and two bathhouses built in Amasya. According to its inscription, the mosque was completed in 834 [1430]; in plan it belongs to the group of buildings with guest rooms (tabhane) and a zawiya. The closed section east of the entrance iwan is thought to have been the classroom of the madrasa, which has not survived. That is, the madrasa itself no longer stands today; only the mosque and the tomb remain. A study of the waqfs also notes that the expenses of the waqfs of the Yörgüç Pasha family around Amasya were met by the income of four hans, a bedesten, several shops, six mills and eleven hammams.
Hüsameddin's book often mentions those who became professors of the Yörgüç Paşa Madrasa. In the seventh volume, in the entry İsmâil Efendi-Yağmûrîzâde el-Hâc, there is another İsmâil Efendi who became professor of this madrasa in 1067. The expression "for the third time" in the text shows that professors circulated among the madrasas in turn and could return to the same madrasa several times; the place of the "sixty akçe" stipend at the Yörgüç Paşa Madrasa in the arrangements of Amasya in that period could not be found in the sources read.
Learning Continued Within the Family
The text also mentions İsmâil Efendi's son Mehmed Efendi. In the part of the first volume on the ulema, it is written that, because of the principle of inheritance (usûl-i verâset) that began in 1004 [1595-96], posts such as professorship, sheikhship, imamate and preaching in Amasya passed to the son of a dead father who held a certificate. Resûl Efendi's sheikhship, İsmâil Efendi's professorship and the mention of Mehmed Efendi thus show two separate institutions, the tekke and the madrasa, continuing from generation to generation in the same family. No other information on Mehmed Efendi was found in the sources read.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 7, p. 305. amasya.bel.tr
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, vol. 1, pp. 142–147 and pp. 155–160 (Mukaddime, scholars of Amasya); vol. 4, pp. 536–540 (Mehmed Paşa) and p. 541 (Mahmûd Bey); vol. 6, p. 41 (Es-Seyyid İbrâhim Efendi-Arpacızâde), pp. 87–88 (Ebûbekir Efendi-Dereli el-Hâc; Ebûbekir Efendi-Hayâtî); vol. 7, p. 306 (İsmâil Efendi-Yağmûrîzâde el-Hâc).
Academic studies
Other sources
- Mustafa Çağhan Keskin, "Foundations and Real Estates of Yorguc Pasha Family Through The Ottoman Endowment System", 22nd Annual European Real Estate Society Conference, Istanbul, 2015.