Amasya'nın sâbık emîri Halifetzâde Şücâ'eddîn Süleyman Bey bin Alâ'eddîn Alî Bey'in mahdûmudur. 762 senesi evâhirinde kendisine mu'în olan beylerin ittifâkıyla Amasya emîri oldu. Kadı ve müftü yerinde kaldı. Yağmur Beyzâde Sârımeddîn İbrâhim Bey'i candârı, Gül Beyoğlu Alâ'eddîn Alî Bey'i de kale dizdârı olarak ta'yîn etdi. Bunun birâderi Şerefeddîn Mukbil Bey'di. Fakat Şâdgeldi Paşa [67] Amasya'dan çıkdığı zamân Turhal'a gidip amcası Toganşâh yanında kaldı. Ümerâdan Torumtayoğlu Sirâceddîn Muhammed, Bâbukşâhoğlu Alâ'eddîn Alî Paşa, Süleyman Şâhoğlu Tâceddîn Ahmed, Sunkuroğlu Süleyman, Âbâdoğlu Mahmûd, Baytemüroğlu İmâd Beyler'i kendisine celb eyledi. Gümüşlüoğlu Hâce Sinan Çelebi zâten kendisine tarafdâr idi.
Tokat emîri Kâbilîzâde Celâleddîn Muhammed Paşa, Lâdik emîri Sevinc Beyzâde Hüseyin, Niksâr emîri Tâceddînzâde Sirâceddîn Muhammed Beyler de Şâdgeldi Paşa'ya mu'âvenet ederek onu takviye etmekde idiler.
Şâdgeldi Paşa, her tarafdan aldığı kuvvetlerle Amasya üzerine yürüdü. Amasya emîri Alî Bey de kendisini iltizâm eden beylerle karşıladı. Kaynar önünde yapdıkları muhârebede Şâdgeldi Paşa galebe etdi. Muzafferâne Amasya'ya girip ikinci def'a emîr oldu.
Emîr-i sâbık Alî Bey, Amasya'da "Kaynar Vak'ası" diye meşhûr olan muhârebede pek çok zâyi'ât verdiğinden ne kendisi, ne de tarafdârı duramadılar, Amasya'dan tamâmiyle çekip gitmeye mecbûr oldular. Halifetzâde Alî Bey Ankara'ya⁴⁹⁶, Gül Beyzâde Alî ve Receb, Yağmurzâde [68] İbrâhim Beyler Mısır'a, Taşanzâde Haydar Bey de Elbistân'a firâr etdiler.
In Modern English
He was the son of Halifetzâde Şücâ'eddîn Süleyman Bey, the former emir of Amasya; Süleyman Bey was the son of Alâ'eddîn Alî Bey. At the end of 762 [1361-62], with the union of the beys who helped him, he became emir of Amasya. The judge and mufti remained in their places. He appointed Yağmur Beyzâde Sârımeddîn İbrâhim Bey as candar and Gül Beyoğlu Alâ'eddîn Alî Bey as castle dizdar. His brother was Şerefeddîn Mukbil Bey. But when Şâdgeldi Paşa left Amasya he went to Turhal and stayed with his uncle Toganşâh. He drew to his side among the emirs Torumtayoğlu Sirâceddîn Muhammed, Bâbukşâhoğlu Alâ'eddîn Alî Paşa, Süleyman Şâhoğlu Tâceddîn Ahmed, Sunkuroğlu Süleyman, Âbâdoğlu Mahmûd and Baytemüroğlu İmâd Beys. Gümüşlüoğlu Hâce Sinan Çelebi was already on his side.
Kâbilîzâde Celâleddîn Muhammed Paşa, emir of Tokat, Sevinc Beyzâde Hüseyin, emir of Lâdik, and Tâceddînzâde Sirâceddîn Muhammed Beys, emir of Niksar, also helped Şâdgeldi Paşa and strengthened him.
Şâdgeldi Paşa marched on Amasya with forces taken from every side. Alî Bey, emir of Amasya, met him with the beys who held to him. In the battle they fought in front of Kaynar, Şâdgeldi Paşa won. Entering Amasya in victory, he became emir for the second time.
Alî Bey, the former emir, having suffered many losses in the battle famed in Amasya as the "Kaynar Incident", neither he nor his partisans could hold out; they were forced to withdraw from Amasya entirely. Halifetzâde Alî Bey fled to Ankara, Gül Beyzâde Alî and Receb and Yağmurzâde İbrâhim Beys to Egypt, and Taşanzâde Haydar Bey to Elbistan.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- sâbık emîr: former emir
- mu'în: helper, supporter
- candar: person charged with the protection of the ruler and the mansion
- kale dizdârı: castle commander
- celb etmek: to draw to one's side
- tarafdâr, iltizâm etmek: partisan; to take a side
- muzafferâne: in victory
- zâyi'ât: losses
- vak'a: event, clash
- ber-hayât: alive
- tevliyet: administration of a waqf
Two Alâeddin Alis
The Alâeddin Ali in this entry is distinct from the persons of the same name in Karaman and in Sivas. In a footnote Hüsameddin also gives him the epithet "Emîrzâde el-Halîfî": in his waqf deed found in Ankara his name is written as "Alâ'eddîn Emîr Alî bin the late Şücâ'eddîn Süleyman Bey bin Emîr Alî, known as Emîrzâde el-Halîfî". This shows that a three-generation chain of descent is also seen in the waqf deed.
Alî Bey, Withdrawn to Ankara, and His Waqf
According to Hüsameddin's footnote number 496, Alî Bey lived in Ankara for a long time and, in the presence of Muhammed bin Yûnus, judge of Ankara, in early Jumada al-awwal 768 [1366-67], endowed the Öyük Cândâr and Ercük farms in the Suluova nahiye of Amasya for the expenses of his grandfather's madrasa in Amasya. He stipulated that the administration of the waqf belong to Nizâmeddîn Abdülmelik bin Ömer, mufti of Amasya, and his descendants. Hüsameddin states that this waqf deed is in the records administration. According to Halil İnalcık's entry on Murad I, Ankara had passed into Ottoman hands in 1363; the waqf deed is later than this date.
Şadgeldi's Circle
Some of those who supported Şadgeldi in this section are also found in other accounts today. In an English-language encyclopedia entry it is stated that after Şadgeldi retook the administration he made Sirâceddin Muhammed, emir of Niksar, vizier, Nizâmeddin Mahmud kadiasker, Cemâleddin Aksarâyî judge of Amasya, and Gümüşlüoğlu Hacı Sinan treasurer. The emir of Niksar and the Gümüşlüoğlu in the text coincide with these names. That a Gümüşlü Mosque was built in Amasya in 1326 is written in the Amasya entry of the TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi; Doğan Koşan also says that there is a Gümüşlüzade Mosque near the Taceddin Tomb and that the nearby tomb may belong to Gümüşlüzade Mahmut Çelebi. The connection of these structures with Gümüşlüoğlu Hâce Sinan Çelebi is not stated in the sources.
The Year of the Return
Hüsameddin places Şâdgeldi's becoming emir for the second time after the end of 762. In the English entry it is written that Alâeddin Ali Bey drove Şadgeldi out in 1361 and Şadgeldi retook the administration a few months later. In Recep Orhan Özel's study too it is related that Şadgeldi, after staying at Turhal, gathered strength and marched on Alâeddin Ali Bey and took Amasya, and then, seeing Eretna's weakness, acted independently in Amasya. Where Kaynar was is not stated in the sources I read.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 3, p. 417. amasya.bel.tr
- Recep Orhan Özel, "Kitâbelerle Amasya Tarihi (11 ve 14. Yüzyıl)", Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları 13, Amasya Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ekim 2024.
Academic studies
- Halil İnalcık, "Murad I", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/murad-i
- Doğan Koşan, "Son Anadolu Selçuklu Meliki Taceddin Altunbaş'ın Amasya'daki Medresesi ve Türbesi", Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22/3, 2023, p. 802–819. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1258201
- "Amasya", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/amasya
- "Shadgeldi" maddesi, Wikipedia (İngilizce); İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, "Sivas-Kayseri ve Dolaylarında Eretna Devleti", Belleten, 32/126, 1968, p. 161–190. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadgeldi