Ardahanlıdır. Gürcistan beyzâdelerinden Ali Bey’in oğludur. 1034 senesi Cumâdelâhiresinin yirmi yedinci günü Amasya sancağı beyi oldu. Fakat Gürcistan Harbi’yle meşgul olduğundan el-Hâc Abdünnebi Ağa, Amasya mütesellimi oldu.[48]
Hacı Nebi Ağa, oldukça munsifâne hareket ederek halka kendisini sevdirmişdi. Bununla beraber ba’zı tecâvüzâtı yok değildi. Fakat Ahmed Paşa’ya nispetle yine Hacı Nebî idi. Receb gurresinde Kadı Hacı Mehmed Efendi, İstanbul’a gidip Himmetzâde el-Hâc Süleyman Ağa, Amasya nâibi oldu.
Receb evâsıtında Hızır ve Mehmed paşalar evkâfı mütevellisi Mehmed Paşazâde Kurd Mahmûd Bey bilâ veled-i zükûr vefât eylediğinden evlâdı utekâ ile evlâd-ı inâs arasında cereyân eden uzun muhâkemeden sonra Seydî Beyzâde Mustafa Bey kazanıp üçüncü defa mütevellî oldu.
Şa’bân evâilinde Yâkub Paşa Zâviyesi şeyhi ve mütevellîsi eş-Şeyh Hüsâmeddîn Efendi de vefât edib tevliyet ve meşîhat, birâderzâdesi eş-Şeyh İzzeddîn Hasan Efendi’ye tevcîh edildi.
Şevvâlde Mütesellim Hacı Abdünnebi Ağa, Amasya Beyi Mehmed Bey’in talep etdiği kuvve-i muâveneyi ve erzâkı alıp Gürcistan’a gitdiğinden yerine kethüdâyeri Himmetoğlu Osmân Ağa, mütesellim kâ’im-makâmı oldu.
Zilhiccede Başdefterdâr Amasyalı Vezîr Abdülkerim Paşa’nın servet ü sâmânı, nüfûz ve iktidârı, ricâl-i devletin ve hâssaten Sadr-ı a’zam Hâfız Ahmed Paşa’nın haset ve istirkâbını davet eylediğinden bîçâre yok yere azlini müteâkip eşedd-i azâb içinde katl u emvâl ve emlâki müsâdere edildi.
Bu sene sâbık Amasya Alaybeyi Kesdekzâde Mustafa Bey, çavuşân-ı dergâh-ı âlîden mütekâid Efteli Mustafa Ağa, esbak yeniçeri silahdârı [49] ağası Kara Hasan Ağa, a‘yândan esbak şehir kethüdâsı el-Hâc Pîrî Ağa vefât etmişdir.
1035 senesi muharreminde tecâvüzâtıyla Hacı Nebî Ağa’yı pek ziyâde aratan Mütesellim Kâ’im-makâmı Himmetoğlu Osmân Ağa, azl ü ihrâc edilerek yerine kethüdâyeri olan Seydî Çelebi oğlu Şa’bân Ağa, mütesellim kâ’im-makâmı⁶³¹ ve Yörgüç Paşazâde Mustafa Bey de Yörgüç Paşa evkâfına mütevellî oldu.
Muharrem evâilinde Sivas Defterdârı Amasyalı Ebû Bekir Efendi, maktûl Abdülkerim Paşa’nın emvâl ve emlâkini kabza me’mûren Sivas’tan geldi. Bu esnada Abdülkerim Paşa’nın hemşiresi Ayşe ve zevcesi Ümmühânî Hanımlar da İstanbul’dan gelip Sofular Mahallesinde pederden mevrûs hânesine indi.
Fakat Ebû Bekir Efendi, bu hâneyi Abdülkerim Paşa’nın emlâkinden adıyla satılığa çıkardığından Ayşe Hanım mahkemeye mürâcaat ve pederinden mevrûs olup Abdülkerim Paşa hissesini hayatında kendisine hibe ve temlîk eylediğini isbât ederek müsâdereden güç kurtardı. Kendisine ve Paşa’nın zevcesine yevmî otuz akçe tahsis edildi.
Safer gurresinde Hakâlalızâde es-Seyyid Mehmed Bahâeddîn Efendi [50] yine Amasya kadısı oldu. Receb gurresinde Amasya Müftüsü Abdü’l-Celil Efendi, Konya mollası olup yerine müftü-i sâbık Kuloğlu Ferrûh Efendi ikinci defa Amasya müftüsü ve Sultâniye müderrisi oldu. Hoca Ömer Efendizâde Abdullah Efendi, bu esnada Amasya’ya gelip amcası Hoca Ahmed Paşa’ya misafir oldu. Arpalığı da Mihaliç’e tahvîl eylediler.
Recebin on sekizinci günü evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellîsi Köprülü Yûsuf Ağa’nın üzerinden tevliyet ref‘ edilip on üçüncü bölükte sipâhi Dimetokalı Ali Ağa, evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellîsi olup geldi. Yûsuf Ağa da Köprü voyvodası oldu.
Şa’bânda Irak Cephesi’nde fedâkârâne hizmetleri sebk eden Amasya Alaybeyi İskender Bey, Irak Serdârı Hâfız Ahmed Paşa’nın inhâsıyla Amasya sancağı beyliğine tâyin edildiği emri geldi.
In Modern English
He was from Ardahan. He was a son of Ali Bey, one of the Georgian nobles. On the twenty-seventh day of Cemaziyelâhir 1034 [1625] he became sanjak bey of Amasya. But since he was occupied with the Georgian War, el-Hâc Abdünnebi Ağa became mütesellim (the sanjak bey's deputy) of Amasya.
Hacı Nebi Ağa behaved quite justly and made himself loved by the people. Even so, he was not without some injustices. Still, compared with Ahmed Pasha, Hacı Nebi was (much) better. At the beginning of Recep, when Kadı Hacı Mehmed Efendi went to Istanbul, el-Hâc Süleyman Ağa son of Himmet became naib (deputy judge) of Amasya.
In the middle of Recep, since Kurd Mahmud Bey son of Mehmed Pasha, mütevelli of the waqf of the Pashas Hızır and Mehmed, died without a male child, after a long lawsuit between the children of the founders' freed slaves and the daughters, Mustafa Bey son of Seydî Bey won the case and became mütevelli for the third time.
At the beginning of the month of Şaban, Sheikh Hüsâmeddîn Efendi, sheikh and mütevelli of the Yakub Pasha Zaviye, also died; the trusteeship and the sheikhdom were given to his brother's son Şeyh İzzeddîn Hasan Efendi.
In Şevval, since the Mütesellim Hacı Abdünnebi Ağa took the auxiliary forces and provisions requested by Mehmed Bey, Bey of Amasya, and went to Georgia, Osman Ağa son of Himmet, kethüda of the sanjak, became deputy (kaymakam) of the mütesellim in his place.
In Zilhicce, since the wealth, goods, influence and power of the chief defterdar Vizier Abdülkerim Pasha of Amasya aroused the envy and suspicion of the statesmen of the state, especially of Grand Vizier Hâfız Ahmed Pasha, the poor man, after being unjustly dismissed, was put to death in very heavy torture, and his property and possessions were confiscated.
This year, Kesdekzâde Mustafa Bey, former alaybeyi of Amasya, Efteli Mustafa Ağa, retired from the palace çavuşes, Kara Hasan Ağa, former ağa of the janissary silahdars, and el-Hâc Pîrî Ağa, one of the notables and former city kethüda, died.
In Muharrem 1035 [1625–26] the mütesellim kaymakamı Osman Ağa son of Himmet, who by his injustices made people long for Hacı Nebi Ağa, was dismissed and removed; in his place Şaban Ağa son of Seydî Çelebi, who was sanjak kethüda, became mütesellim kaymakamı, and Mustafa Bey son of Yörgüç Paşa became mütevelli of the Yörgüç Pasha waqfs.
At the beginning of Muharrem, Ebû Bekir Efendi of Amasya, Defterdar of Sivas, came from Sivas, charged with seizing the goods and property of the murdered Abdülkerim Pasha. At this time Abdülkerim Pasha's sister Ayşe and his wife Ümmühânî, ladies, also came from Istanbul and settled in their ancestral house in the Sofular Neighborhood.
But when Ebû Bekir Efendi put this house up for sale as Abdülkerim Pasha's property, Ayşe Hanım applied to the court; by proving that he had given and transferred Abdülkerim Pasha's share in the ancestral house to her during his lifetime, she barely rescued the house from confiscation. A daily allowance of thirty akçe was fixed for her and for the Pasha's wife.
At the beginning of the month of Safer, Seyyid Mehmed Bahâeddîn Efendi son of Hakâla again became kadı of Amasya. At the beginning of Recep, Mufti Abdülcelil Efendi of Amasya became molla of Konya, and in his place the former mufti Kuloğlu Ferrûh Efendi became mufti of Amasya and müderris of the Sultâniyye for the second time. Abdullah Efendi, son of Hoca Ömer Efendi, came to Amasya at this time and was a guest of his uncle Hoca Ahmed Pasha. His arpalık (revenue assigned in lieu of salary) was also converted to Mihaliç.
On the eighteenth day of Recep, Köprülü Yusuf Ağa, mütevelli of the sultanic waqfs, was removed from the trusteeship, and Ali Ağa of Dimetoka, a sipahi in the thirteenth company, came as mütevelli of the sultanic waqfs. Yusuf Ağa became voyvoda of Köprü.
In Şaban the order came that İskender Bey, Alaybeyi of Amasya, whose self-sacrificing services on the Iraq Front had been noted, was appointed to the sanjak governorship of Amasya on the recommendation of Hâfız Ahmed Pasha, Serdar of Iraq.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- bilâ veled-i zükûr: without a male child
- evlâd-ı utekâ: the children of the slaves freed by the founder
- evlâd-ı inâs: daughters
- müsâdere: the seizure by the state of a person's goods and property
- temlîk: conveying ownership to someone
- mirlivâ: the rank of sanjak bey
- arpalık: a revenue district left to an official in lieu of salary
- voyvoda: an administrator who collects the tax revenues of a district
- mütekâid: retired
The End of Abdülkerim Pasha
The most striking event in the text is the fall of Abdülkerim Pasha, who is stated to be from Amasya. According to what Reşad Ekrem Koçu relays, Abdülkerim, while a madrasa student who ate from the Bayezid İmâret, was called by the nickname "Yahnikapan" because of his greed, and then, attaching himself to the chief defterdar Ekmekçizâde Ahmed Pasha, became rich through his success in tax collection. In 1625 he became chief defterdar after Baki Pasha, and it is written that he obtained the rank of vizier by bribery. When his name came up in a sipahi revolt late in the same year he was dismissed, all his goods and possessions were seized, and he was tortured to make him reveal his hidden wealth. He died a few days later. Koçu bases this information on the Naîmâ Tarihi.
Hüsameddin, however, gives the cause of the fall as Grand Vizier Hâfız Ahmed Pasha's envy and suspicion. In the account of the encyclopedia writer Koçu such a cause does not appear explicitly; only the sipahi revolt is mentioned. The two accounts do not contradict each other; in the fall of viziers, power struggle and pressure from rebellious soldiers have often operated together. His sister Ayşe Hanım's lawsuit to rescue the house was not seen in another source.
The Georgian and Iraq Fronts
The text shows the reflection in Amasya of two separate wars. The first is the Georgian operation that kept the new sanjak bey Mehmed Bey away from Amasya. According to the entry on Hâfız Ahmed Pasha, in 1625 a letter from the Georgian ruler Magrav stated that if he came to Georgia, Karabagh, Ganja and Shirvan would show allegiance. Hâfız Ahmed Pasha instead contented himself with sending a number of janissaries to Georgia under the command of Ömer Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Batum. No other source was found showing whether Mehmed Bey took part in this operation.
The second is the Iraq campaign conducted to retake Baghdad. The army besieged Baghdad on 13 November 1625, and the siege was lifted on 3 July 1626. The order that came "in the month of Şaban" in the text corresponds, on the date Hüsameddin gives, to the last weeks of the siege. No information was found in another source on İskender Bey's services in Iraq.
The Change at the Yakub Pasha Tekke
The text relates the death of Sheikh Hüsâmeddîn Efendi and the succession of his brother's son İzzeddîn Hasan in his place. The zaviye in question is the Yakub Pasha Tekke, also called today the Çilehâne Tekke. It was built in the Pîrler quarter in 1412 for the Halveti order by Pazarlıoğlu Yakub Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Ankara. The encyclopedia entry on the tekke shows in its sheikh succession İzzeddîn Hasan and Hüsâmeddîn Hüseyin as brothers, sons of Abdurrahman el-Halvetî; Hüsameddin writes İzzeddîn Hasan as the nephew of Hüsâmeddîn Efendi. The same entry also records that in 1031 (1622), because of a dispute over the sheikhdom between the preacher Sheikh Hüsâmeddîn and Sheikh Abdî Efendi, a madrasa attached to the mescit was founded and the tekke function was left with Hüsâmeddîn. That is, the sheikhdom in the zaviye had been a matter of dispute a few years earlier too. The building was damaged in the 1939 Erzincan earthquake, repaired in 1967, and stands today.
Şaban Ağa's Lineage
In a footnote Hüsameddin writes that the mütesellim kaymakamı Şaban Ağa is recorded in the sharia court registers and the sipahi register as "Şaban Ahmed Amasiyye." He gives the sequence Şaban Ağa son of el-Hâc Ahmed Çelebi son of İskender Çelebi son of Hızır Çelebi son of Seydî Ali Çelebi, of the line of Seydî Ali Çelebi of the Hâbilzâdes, and counts him as the earliest ancestor of the Şabanzâdes. This chain of descent could not be verified in another source.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 4, p. 552–553. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Books