Sivaslıdır. "Boğazlıyanlıoğlu" demekle meşhûr bir mîr-i mîrândır. 1138 senesi cemâziyelevvelinin sekizinci günü Amasya mutasarrıfı ve Özi muhâfızı olup baş a'yân Hacı İbrâhim Bey Amasya mütesellimi oldu.
Çünkü Hacı İbrâhim Bey, İstanbul'da yeniçeri ocağında ocak imâmı olan Amasyalı Halîl Efendi'nin kayınpederi ve sadâret tezkirecisi Amasyalı İbrâhim Efendi'nin pek dostu idi.
Şa'bân ortalarında ünlü a'yândan nakîb kâ'im-makâmı Hocazâde Emîr Hacı Abdullatîf Çelebi bin Abdullatîf Efendi bin Hoca Mehmed Efendi vefât edip Okmeydânı'nda yapdırdığı musallânın mihrâbı hizâsında Kurdboğan Türbesi'nin üst tarafında yol kenârına defn edildi. Yukarı Hamâm ittisâlindeki muhteşem konağı ve servet-i müdhişesi ihtiyâten zabt ve temhîr edildi. Iydîzâde Abdurrahîm Efendi nakîb kâ'im-makâmı oldu.
Şevvâl evâ'ilinde Hemedân'ın fethinde büyük yararlığı görülen Amasya mîralâyı Kara Hüseyin Bey mîrlivâlıkla Hemedân kalesi muhâfızı ve Kuloğlu Mustafâ Bey de Amasya mîrâlayı oldu.
1139 muharrem intihâbında baş [40] a'yân ve mütesellim Hacı İbrâhim Bey ve diğer ağalar yerinde kaldı. Kadı Çetenzâde Hacı Ahmed Efendi idâreli bir âlim olduğundan halka ve a'yâna kendini sevdirmişdi.
Rebî'ulevvel gurresinde Amasya serdârı Türk Şa'bânoğlu Altıncı Hüseyin Ağa bin Mehmed Ağa dâru'l-harbe sevk edilen askere başbuğ olup gitdi. Onuncu Mehmed Ağa da serdâr vekîli oldu.
Cemâziyelevvel gurresinde sâbık Tuzla kadısı Hacı Mustafâ Efendi Amasya kadısı olup tarafından Eyyûb Efendi Amasya nâ'ibi oldu. Bu esnâda Amasya dîvân kâtibi de Merzifonlu Eyyûb Efendi olduğundan Amasya şu'arâsının dillerinde "Sabr-ı Eyyûb" mazmûnları meydân aldı.
Ancak mutasarrıf Mehmed Paşa'nın Özi'de ve mütesellimi Hacı İbrâhim Bey'in Amasya'da tevâtüren sâbit olan ef'âl-i zâlimânesi üzerine mutasarrıf azl ve sonra katl edildiğinden Amasya sancağı Karahisâr-ı Şarkî sancağıyla birlikte Musul beylerbeyi Hacı Hüseyin Paşa'ya verildi.
In Modern English
He was a man of Sivas. He was a mîrimîran known as "Boğazlıyanlıoğlu." On the eighth day of Jumada al-awwal 1138 [1725-26] he became mutasarrıf of Amasya and guardian of Özi; the chief ayan Hacı İbrahim Bey also became mütesellim of Amasya.
The reason for this was that Hacı İbrahim Bey was the father-in-law of Halil Efendi of Amasya, imam of the janissary corps in Istanbul, and a very close friend of İbrahim Efendi of Amasya, secretary of the grand vizierate (sadaret tezkirecisi).
In the middle of Shaban, Hocazâde Emîr Hacı Abdüllatif Çelebi, one of the well known ayan and deputy of the nakîbüleşraf, died; he was the son of Abdüllatif Efendi son of Hoca Mehmed Efendi. He was buried at the roadside above the Kurtboğan Tomb, level with the mihrab of the musalla he had had built at Okmeydanı. His splendid mansion adjoining the Upper Bath and his dazzling wealth were seized as a precaution and sealed. Iydîzâde Abdurrahim Efendi became deputy of the nakîbüleşraf.
At the beginning of Shawwal, Kara Hüseyin Bey, miralay of Amasya, who had shown great usefulness in the conquest of Hamadan, became guardian of Hamadan castle with the mirlivalık (rank of sanjak governor); Kuloğlu Mustafa Bey became miralay of Amasya.
At the Muharram selection of 1139 [1726-27] the chief ayan and mütesellim Hacı İbrahim Bey and the other ağas remained in their places. Since the kadı Çetenzâde Hacı Ahmed Efendi was a prudent scholar, he had made himself liked by the people and the ayan.
On the first day of Rabi' al-awwal the serdar of Amasya, Türk Şabanoğlu Altıncı Hüseyin Ağa, son of Mehmed Ağa, went as chief commander of the soldiers sent to the war zone; Onuncu Mehmed Ağa became deputy serdar.
On the first day of Jumada al-awwal the former kadı of Tuzla, Hacı Mustafa Efendi, became kadı of Amasya; by him Eyyûb Efendi was appointed naib of Amasya. At this time, since the divan clerk of Amasya was also Eyyûb Efendi of Merzifon, witticisms about "Sabr-ı Eyyûb" (the patience of Job) began to circulate on the tongues of the poets of Amasya.
But upon the oppression, made certain by being passed from tongue to tongue, that the mutasarrıf Mehmed Pasha had committed at Özi and his mütesellim Hacı İbrahim Bey at Amasya, the mutasarrıf was dismissed and later killed. The sanjak of Amasya, together with the sanjak of Karahisâr-ı Şarkî, was given to Hacı Hüseyin Pasha, beylerbeyi of Mosul.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- ocak imâmı: imam of the janissary corps
- sadâret tezkirecisi: the clerk who conducted the grand vizier's correspondence
- musallâ: an open-air place for prayer, set aside for funeral and festival prayers
- ittisâl: adjacency, next to
- servet-i müdhişe: dazzling wealth, astonishingly great
- zabt ve temhîr: seizing and sealing
- mîralay: alaybeyi, commander of the timar-holding sipahis of a sanjak
- mîrlivâ: the rank of sanjak governor
- intihâb: selection, election
- dâru'l-harb: war zone
- başbuğ: commander, chief commander
- mazmûn: a witty remark, a subtle comparison
- tevâtüren sâbit: made certain by being related by very many people
- ef'âl-i zâlimâne: tyrannical conduct
Boğazlıyanlı Mehmed Pasha
In İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı's article on the Çapanoğulları, a Boğazlıyanlı Mehmed Pasha named in these years is mentioned. According to it, Mehmed Pasha was mutasarrıf of Kayseri, Niğde and Kırşehir by way of arpalık. Mustafa Bey, son of Çapanoğlu Ahmed Pasha, took part in the Iranian campaign as his chief company commander (başbölükbaşı) and, wounded in battle, returned to his home with permission from Köprülüzâde Abdullah Pasha, commander of Tabriz; as he was returning to the front after recovering, he was seen with company commanders committing banditry around Erzurum, so a decree dated Muharram 1139 (September 1726) was issued about him, and he was then saved when it became clear that he had no connection with the bandits. Since Boğazlıyan is a town attached to the sanjak of Bozok, it is possible that the pasha Hüsâmeddin calls "Boğazlıyanlıoğlu of Sivas" and Uzunçarşılı's Boğazlıyanlı Mehmed Pasha are the same person. But no direct record establishing this link between the two sources could be found.
According to Hüsâmeddin the fate of this pasha is the same as that of his predecessor Osman Pasha: because of the oppression he committed while guardian of Özi he was first dismissed and then killed. Thus within two years two pashas who were mutasarrıf of Amasya and guardian of Özi were executed one after the other.
Hacı İbrahim Bey's Supports in Istanbul
The reason Hüsâmeddin gives in explaining how Gürcüzâde Hacı İbrahim Bey was brought to the mütesellimlik is a very instructive detail on how provincial administration worked. İbrahim Bey's support was his son-in-law Halil Efendi, imam of the janissary corps, and his friend İbrahim Efendi, secretary of the grand vizierate; both are from Amasya. The network of fellow townsmen in the capital enabled an ayan in Amasya to take the administration of the sanjak into his hands. The mütesellim entry in the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam records that in the eighteenth century the person who was to be mütesellim was reported to Istanbul through the kapı kethüdası and had to be confirmed by a decree, and that most of the mütesellimliks in the sanjaks passed into the hands of local dynasties. İbrahim Bey's mütesellimlik is a typical example of this order; the gathering of the mütesellimlik and the chief ayanship in the same person prepares the ground for the great conflict to be told in later entries.
Emîr Hacı and the Kurtboğan Tomb
The legacy of Hocazâde Abdüllatif Çelebi, called "Emîr Hacı," is treated separately in the next entry; the seizing of his wealth as a precaution shows that great inheritances were carefully recorded in the name of the state or of the heirs. The Kurtboğan Tomb, mentioned as his place of burial, stands today. The tomb in the city center, next to the railway station, was built in the fifteenth century as a baldachin-style structure with a single dome on four square piers, and is regarded as one of the largest baldachin tombs in Anatolia. The tomb belongs to Sheikh Şerefeddin Hamza (Hamza Şâmî son of Mehmed), father of Akşemseddin, the teacher of Mehmed the Conqueror. In some sources it is recorded that the sheikh came from Khorasan in 1383 and settled in what is now the station area of Amasya, called Kavak, that he was a disciple and the first caliph of Pîr İlyas, and that he died in 1415. The epithet "Kurtboğan" ("Wolf-strangler") rests on a local tale that on the night the sheikh died a wolf that wanted to open his grave was found dead. Some of the gravestones are preserved in the Amasya Archaeology and Mummy Museum. No information on Okmeydanı, where Emîr Hacı's musalla stood, or on the Upper Bath beside his mansion was found in other sources.
The Conquest of Hamadan and Kara Hüseyin Bey
The conquest of Hamadan, in which Kara Hüseyin Bey showed usefulness, is one of the greatest successes of the Iranian war of 1723-1727. Ahmed Pasha, brought to the commandership after the death of the governor of Baghdad Eyyubî Hasan Pasha, besieged Hamadan on 29 June 1724 with the forces of Mosul, Şehrizor and other provinces placed under his orders; breaches were opened in the walls with mines, and after a fifty-nine-day siege the fortress was taken on 11 Dhu al-Hijjah 1136 (31 August 1724). The news of victory was celebrated in Istanbul with three days of festivities. Hüsâmeddin's placing the reward given to Kara Hüseyin Bey in Shawwal 1138 (June 1726) shows that the reward came about two years after the conquest. Hamadan remained with the Ottomans by the treaty of 1727 and in 1729-1730 was reinforced with infantry and cavalry levends brought from Kilis, Diyarbakır and Mardin. Kara Hüseyin Bey's falling a martyr as guardian of Hamadan is told in the next entry.
The "Sabr-ı Eyyûb" witticism arose from there being two Eyyûb Efendis at the same time in the naibship and the divan clerkship. Hüsâmeddin's recording this small detail is one of the rare places where a voice from the city's daily life breaks into the language of his chronicle.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 4, Supplement (Bakiyye), p. 638–639. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
- İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, "Çapanoğulları", Belleten, 38/150 (April 1974). https://belleten.gov.tr/eng/full-text/1311/tur
- Yücel Özkaya, "Mütesellim", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 32, 2006, p. 203-204. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/mutesellim
- Tahsin Yazıcı, "Hemedan", TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 17, p. 183-185. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/hemedan
Official sources
Other sources