Gencelidir. Neslen Türk olduğu halde İranîlere pek mütemâ’il olduğundan Türklüğünü unutmuşdu. Amasya’ya muhâceret ve Üçler Mahallesi’nde ikâmet ve Üçlere hizmet ederek nüfûz ve servet kazandı. Tüccârdan olup “Hoca Acem” diye iştihâr etdi. 917 senesinde Varaylı Zünnun Şâh’ın Amasya’yı işgâl ve gâretinde büyük hisseler alıp nüfûz ve serveti artdı.
918 senesinde Şâdî Paşa’nın Amasya vâliliğiyle vürûdunda takiyye edib ta’kibâtdan kurtulmuşdu. İkinci defa Üçler vak’asında istinâd eylediği efendisi Mîr Gıyâseddîn Şirâzî ile beraber 923 senesi muharreminde i’dâm edildi. Gâyet dişli hâ’in, Şâh İsmâil Safevî tarafdârı, Türk düşmanı bir Şi’î idi.
In Modern English
He was from Gence. Although a Turk by descent, he was so close to the Iranians that he had forgotten his Turkishness. He migrated to Amasya and settled in the Üçler quarter, and by serving the Üçler he gained influence and wealth. He was one of the merchants and became famous as "Hoca Acem". In 917 [1511-12], in the occupation and plunder of Amasya by Zünnun Şâh of Varay, he took large shares; his influence and wealth increased.
In 918 [1512-13], when Şâdî Pasha came as governor of Amasya, he practiced taqiyya (concealing his belief) and escaped the prosecutions. In the second Üçler Incident that broke out, he was executed in Muharrem 923 [January-February 1517] together with the master on whom he relied, Mîr Gıyâseddîn Şîrâzî. He was a very powerful traitor, a supporter of Shah İsmâil Safavî, a Shi'a hostile to the Turks.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- muhâceret: migration
- iştihâr: becoming famous
- gâret: plunder
- takiyye: concealing one's belief
- ta'kîbât: prosecution, surveillance
- istinâd: relying on, being backed by
- i'dâm: execution
- Şi'î: Shi'a
- mütemâ'il: inclined, close
The Üçler and the Yediler
Üçler is a place that lives on in Amasya today under the names Üçler Quarter and Üçler Tomb. According to local tradition, three dervishes or three brothers from among the Khorasan eren are buried here; one account names them as having come to visit Mevlânâ. These accounts are of the nature of legend. The event Hüsameddin calls the "Üçler Incident", however, points to the presence of a pro-Safavid circle in Amasya at the beginning of the 16th century.
The sources speak of a circle of seven people called the "Yediler" during Prince Ahmed's governorship of Amasya; the first of these is Emîr Gıyâseddîn Şîrâzî, and it is written that Prince Ahmed visited this man's house. It is related that Shah İsmâil sent Nûreddîn Ali of Mardin, "Şah Kulu", to Amasya at the beginning of 914 (1506), presenting letters and gifts to Prince Ahmed and conveying instructions to the Shi'a. Gıyâseddîn Şîrâzî, whom Hüsameddin names as the master on whom Hoca Acem relied, is this person.
Hüsameddin's characterizations of the man, such as "traitor" and "Shi'a hostile to the Turks", reflect a view related to the historiography of his own time (the 1920s); the events themselves, that is, the Safavid influence and the executions, rest on a historical ground also present in Ottoman sources. No other source was found in this research on Zünnun Şâh's occupation and plunder of Amasya or on Şâdî Pasha's governorship; these details rest solely on Hüsameddin. As regards Safavid influence in Anatolia, Nûr Ali Halife's wide-ranging Anatolian campaign of 1512 also falls in these years.
Bibliography
Primary sources
Other sources