Amasyalıdır. Yörgüç Paşa ahfâdından evkâfı mütevellîsi Mehmed Bey’in oğludur. 1021 senesi rebîülâhirinin on birinci günü Amasya sancağı beyi olup Sivas defterdârlığı uhdesinde kaldığından birâderi Hakâlacı Mustafa Bey Amasya mütesellimi oldu.
Şevvâlinde Amasya aynü’l-a‘yânı Çelebi Mehmed Efendi vefât etdiğinden a‘yân arasında uygunsuzluklar çıktı. Şehir kethüdâsı Hacı Mansur Ağa ile Hacı Pîrî Ağa nüfûz yarışına kalkışdılar. Mütesellim Mustafa Bey, Hacı Pîrî Ağa’ya mu‘în olduğundan Hacı Mansûr Ağa mevkiini kaybetdi. Zilka’desinde Hacı Pîrî Ağa şehir kethüdâsı oldu.
Mütesellim Mustafa Bey’in tarafgirâne harekâtı yüzünden sipâhilerle yeniçeriler de birbirine karşı vaziyet alarak ba’zı vekâyı‘ın zuhûrundan endişe edildiği esnada Kadı Abdülkerim Efendi’nin müdahalesiyle tarafeyn barışdırıldı. Serdâr Mehmed Ağa’nın ref‘iyle Üçüncü Hüseyin Ağa yeniçeri zâbıtı oldu.
1022 senesi muharreminde İn’âm Beyzâde es-Seyyid Ali Ağa kethüdâyeri oldu. İstanbul’da Sadr-ı a’zam Nasûh Paşa, Kadızâde Ali Paşa’yı ifnâ edecek çareler taharrî ve kendisiyle kethüdâsı Ahmed Ağa’nın aleyhinde Bağdat çavuşlar kethüdâsı Mahmûd Ağa’yı celb ve itmâ’ [23] ederek şikâyetler icâd ve her ikisini de Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn’a ihzâr etdirmişdi.
Rumeli Kazaskeri Amasyalı Muhaşşî Sinan Efendizâde Kethüdâ Mustafa Efendi’nin fazlı ve metâneti, Bağdatlı Mahmûd Ağa’nın Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn’da tahvîl-i kelâm ederek hakîkat hâle şehâdeti sâyesinde Nasûh Paşa’nın tezvîrâtı anlaşıldığından Ali Paşa kethüdâsıyla beraber tebri’e-i zimmet etdi. Nasûh Paşa’nın gazabına uğrayan Bağdatlı Mahmûd Ağa Amasya’ya nefyedildi. Bu suretle her üçü de Nasûh Paşa’nın hançer-i siyasetinden kurtarıldı.⁶²⁴
Fakat bundan münfail olan Nasûh Paşa’nın kin ve adâveti feverân edib saferde Rumeli Kazaskeri’nin azliyle Ali Paşa’nın katlini arz ve telhîs etdi. Birinci Sultân Ahmed, kazaskerin azlini tasvîp edib Ali Paşa’nın katline rızâ vermedi. Ali Paşa’ya Vize sancağını ber-vech-i tekâ‘üd verip paşayı oraya gönderdi.
Rebîülevvelde Bağdatlı Mahmûd Ağa, sipâhilikle Amasya’ya gelip yerleşdi.⁶²⁵ Bu esnada Musullu Hüseyin Ağa da Amasya sipâhilerinden idi. Buna Arab Hüseyin Ağa denirdi.⁶²⁶ Nakîbü’l-eşrâf kâ’im-makâmı es-Seyyid Ahmed Efendi kadı-i Tokat olup selefi es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Celâleddîn Efendi nakîbü’l-eşrâf kâ’im-makâmı oldu. [24]
Şa’bânın dokuzuncu günü Kadı Abdülkerim Efendi’nin azline binâen Müftüzâde Abdülvehhâb Efendi yine Amasya kadısı oldu. Ancak Sivas Vâlisi Vezîr Ca’fer Paşa’nın harekât-ı şedîdesinden müştekî olan Sivaslıları iskâta lüzûm görülmüşdü.
Binâenaleyh: Şa’bânın evâsıtında Vâlî Ca’fer Paşa Aydın sancağına ve defterdâr-ı Sivas olan Amasya sancağı beyi Hasan Bey de Suğla sancağına tahvîl-i me’mûriyet eylediğinden Canikli Osmân Paşa, Sivas beylerbeyi oldu. Amasya sancağı sâbık Kefe beylerbeyi Ahmed Paşa’ya ve Sivas defterdârlığı da Yahya Çelebi’ye tevcîh edildi.
In Modern English
He was from Amasya. He was a descendant of Yörgüç Pasha, the son of Mehmed Bey, administrator of the waqf. On the eleventh day of the month of Rebîülâhir 1021 [1612–13] he became sanjak governor of Amasya; since the defterdarship of Sivas remained in his hands, his brother Hakâlacı Mustafa Bey became mütesellim of Amasya.
In the month of Şevvâl, since Çelebi Mehmed Efendi, the pick of the notables of Amasya, died, improprieties arose among the notables. The city kethüda Hacı Mansur Ağa and Hacı Pîrî Ağa entered a contest for influence. Since the mütesellim Mustafa Bey helped Hacı Pîrî Ağa, Hacı Mansûr Ağa lost his post. In the month of Zilkade Hacı Pîrî Ağa became city kethüda.
Because of the partisan conduct of the mütesellim Mustafa Bey, the sipahis and the janissaries also took positions against each other, and at a time when it was feared that some incidents would break out, the two sides were reconciled through the intervention of Kadı Abdülkerim Efendi. With the dismissal of Serdâr Mehmed Ağa, Üçüncü Hüseyin Ağa became janissary zâbıt.
In the month of Muharrem 1022 [1613–14], İn'âm Beyzâde es-Seyyid Ali Ağa became kethüdâyeri. In Istanbul, Grand Vizier Nasûh Pasha, searching for ways to destroy Kadızâde Ali Pasha, had summoned Mahmûd Ağa, kethüda of the çavuşes of Baghdad, against him and his steward Ahmed Ağa, had deceived him by raising his hopes, had complaints fabricated, and had both of them brought to the Imperial Divan.
Thanks to the superiority and dignity of Kethüdâ Mustafa Efendi, son of Muhaşşî Sinan Efendi of Amasya, Kazasker of Rumelia, and to Mahmûd Ağa of Baghdad changing his statement in the Imperial Divan and telling the truth, Nasûh Pasha's lies were understood and Ali Pasha was cleared together with his steward. Mahmûd Ağa of Baghdad, who incurred Nasûh Pasha's wrath, was exiled to Amasya. Thus all three were saved from Nasûh Pasha's dagger of political execution.
But Nasûh Pasha, angered by this, overflowed with spite and enmity; in the month of Safer he petitioned the sultan for the dismissal of the Kazasker of Rumelia and the killing of Ali Pasha. Sultan Ahmed I approved the dismissal of the kazasker, but did not consent to the killing of Ali Pasha. He gave Ali Pasha the sanjak of Vize under the retirement arrangement and sent the pasha there.
In the month of Rebîülevvel, Mahmûd Ağa of Baghdad came and settled in Amasya as a sipahi. At this time Hüseyin Ağa of Mosul was also among the sipahis of Amasya. He was called Arab Hüseyin Ağa. When the deputy nakîbü'l-eşrâf es-Seyyid Ahmed Efendi became kadı of Tokat, his predecessor es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Celâleddîn Efendi again became deputy nakîbü'l-eşrâf.
On the ninth day of Şa'bân, upon the dismissal of Kadı Abdülkerim Efendi, Müftüzâde Abdülvehhâb Efendi again became kadı of Amasya. However, it had been considered necessary to calm the people of Sivas, who complained of the harsh practices of Vizier Ca'fer Pasha, Governor of Sivas.
For this reason, in the middle of Şa'bân, since Governor Ca'fer Pasha was assigned to the sanjak of Aydın, and Hasan Bey, sanjak governor of Amasya and defterdar of Sivas, to the sanjak of Sığla, Osmân Pasha of Canik became beylerbeyi of Sivas. The sanjak of Amasya was given to Ahmed Pasha, former beylerbeyi of Kefe, and the defterdarship of Sivas to Yahya Çelebi.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- aynü'l-a‘yân: the pick of the notables
- nüfûz yarışı: a struggle for influence and power
- mu‘în: helper, supporter
- tarafgirâne: in a partisan manner
- vekâyi‘: events
- tarafeyn: the two sides
- yeniçeri zâbıtı: the name given in Amasya to the janissary ağa
- celb ve itmâ‘: summoning and winning over to one's side by raising hopes
- tezvîrât: lies, fabricated things
- tebri'e-i zimmet: being found innocent, being cleared
- ber-vech-i tekâ‘üd: under the retirement arrangement
- telhîs: a written summary report to the sultan
- hançer-i siyaset: the sword of execution, political purge
- ref‘: removal, dismissal
- azl: dismissal from office
The Line of Yörgüç Pasha
The text states that Hasan Bey was among the "descendants of Yörgüç Pasha". Yörgüç Pasha came to Amasya as lala (tutor) of Prince Murad, son of Çelebi Sultan Mehmed, when the latter sent him in 1414 with the governorship of the Rum province; when Prince Murad ascended the throne as Murad II he was appointed beylerbeyi of Rum in 1423. In the inscription of the mosque he had built in Amasya in 1430 (834) his name appears as "Atabeg Yörgüç Pasha"; according to the encyclopedic explanation, the title atabeg is most probably a reference to his role as lala. He died in Zilhicce 845 (April–May 1442) and was buried in the tomb of his mosque. It is clear from the waqf deeds that he had a mosque, madrasa, imaret and two baths built in Amasya. His mosque in Amasya stands today.
The sources on Yörgüç Pasha's descent give differing genealogies, whose accuracy is doubtful. Hüsameddin's record "Mehmed Bey, administrator of the waqfs, of the descendants of Yörgüç Pasha" shows that the waqf was managed by his descendants. In earlier entries too the name "Yörgüç Paşazâde Hasan Bey, administrator of the Yörgüç Pasha waqfs" appears; according to an earlier footnote of this volume, this Hasan Bey is the son of Yörgüç Paşazâde Mehmed Bey. That Hüsameddin describes Yörgüç Paşazâde Hasan Bey becoming defterdar of Sivas in the previous entry, and here the sanjak governor of Amasya Hasan Bey who held the defterdarship of Sivas, shows that the two are the same person.
The Rivalry between Nasûh Pasha and Kadızâde Ali Pasha
The most important narrative of this entry is the plan Nasûh Pasha carried out to eliminate Kadızâde Ali Pasha and its collapse. That Ali Pasha was the son-in-law of Kuyucu Murad Pasha, that Nasûh Pasha harbored enmity toward Kuyucu's circle, and that Nasûh Pasha made many enemies around himself are also written in the sources. Hüsameddin states in a footnote that he took this event from the Ahkâm Defteri (register of imperial orders) kept in the waqf archive. The details of the event, such as Mahmûd Ağa of Baghdad changing his statement in the Divan and telling the truth, were not found in any other source. Nasûh Pasha, for his part, would be executed in 1614, and Ali Pasha would become beylerbeyi of Buda for the fourth time.
Hüsameddin refers to Kethüdâ Mustafa Efendi, son of Muhaşşî Sinan Efendi, in 4-3 as kazasker of Anatolia, and here as Kazasker of Rumelia; the difference between these two titles is not explained in the text. No detail on him was found in other sources.
The Bağdatlıoğulları and the Arab Hüseyinoğulları
In two footnotes Hüsameddin says that Mahmud Ağa of Baghdad, who was exiled to Amasya, was the ancestor of the dynasty known in Amasya as the Bağdatlıoğulları, and that Arab Hüseyin Ağa of Mosul was the ancestor of the family called the Arab Hüseyinoğulları. No information was found in any source on the later fortunes of these two families.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 4, p. 543–544. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Other sources