AMASYA 05

Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar · BİRİNCİ BÂB · ONUNCU FASIL · ÜÇÜNCÜ DEVRE-İ TÂRİHİYYE

Mehmed Bey (Tayyar)

Encyclopedia · History of Amasya, Volume 4, p. 546–547 • Edited by: Doç. Dr. Hicabi GÜLGEN

Original Text (Ottoman Turkish)

Lâdiklidir. Erzurum Vâlisi Lâdikli Mustafa Paşa’nın mahdûmu Tayyar Mehmed Paşa’dır. 1027 senesi receb gurresinde Amasya sancağı beyi olup geldi. Mahlûl olan Amasya Alaybeyliğine de otuz bin akçe ze‘âmetle Mutasarrıf Gonca Beyzâde Zülfikâr Bey tâyin edildi.

Recebin yedinci günü Sadâret Kâ’im-makâmı Hezârgradlı Sofu Mehmed Paşa Sivas vâlisi olduysa da Şevvâlinde Amasyalı Abdullah Paşazâde Hacı Abdülkerim Paşa Sivas beylerbeyi oldu. Zilhiccede Sultân Bâyezîd Evkâfı Mütevellîsi Amasyalı Eyüb Ağa divân-ı âlîye me’mûren İstanbul’a gidip müteferrika Pervîz Ağa ayın yirmi yedisinde evkâf-ı Sultâniye mütevellîsi oldu.

1028 senesi muharreminin on beşinde mütevellî Pervîz Ağa vefât etdiğinden mütevelli-i esbak Kapıcı Hüseyin Ağa evkâf-ı Sultâniye mütevellîsi oldu. Evâhir-i muharremde Hacı Abdülkerim Paşa Selânik’e nakl-i me’mûriyet [32] etdiğinden yerine Canik Mutasarrıfı Osmân Paşa Sivas beylerbeyi, Canik’e sâbık Amasya Kalesi Dizdârı Mehmed Bey mirlivâ oldu.

Saferde sadr-ı sâbık Mehmed Paşa ağalarından ve dergâh-ı âlî çavuşlarından Amasyalı Mustafa Ağa’ya Geldiklân nâhiyesinde on bir bin akçelik tımâr verildi. Amasya’da “Efteli Mustafa Ağa” demekle meşhûr idi.

Rebîülevvelde defterdâr-ı şıkk-ı sânî Amasyalı Kalavun Yûsuf Bey muallim-i sultânî Ömer Efendi’nin sâye-i ikbâlinde vezâretle baş defterdâr olup rebîülâhir gurresinde Hakâlalızâde es-Seyyid Bahâeddîn Mehmed Efendi Amasya kadısı oldu. Cumâdelûlâda Amasya sancağı Tokat voyvodası ve Amasya beytü’l-mâl emîni es-Seyyid Ali Ağa’ya tevcîh edildi.

Our Research Article Editor: Mevlüt Erdem Öztürk

In Modern English

He was from Lâdik. He was Tayyar Mehmed Pasha, son of Lâdikli Mustafa Pasha, Governor of Erzurum. At the beginning of Receb 1027 [1618] he came as sanjak governor of Amasya. To the vacated alaybeyilik of Amasya the governor (mutasarrıf) Gonca Beyzâde Zülfikâr Bey was appointed with a zeamet of thirty thousand akçe.

On the seventh day of Receb, although Hezârgradlı Sofu Mehmed Pasha, Deputy Grand Vizier (Sadâret Kaymakamı), became governor of Sivas, in the month of Şevval Hacı Abdülkerim Pasha, Abdullah Paşazâde of Amasya, became beylerbeyi of Sivas. In the month of Zilhicce, Eyüb Ağa of Amasya, administrator of the Sultan Bayezid Waqf, went to Istanbul on assignment by the exalted divan; and the müteferrika Pervîz Ağa became administrator of the sultan's waqfs on the twenty-seventh of the month.

On the fifteenth of Muharrem 1028 [1618–19], since the administrator Pervîz Ağa died, the former administrator Kapıcı Hüseyin Ağa became administrator of the sultan's waqfs. At the end of Muharrem, since Hacı Abdülkerim Pasha was transferred to Salonica, in his place Osman Pasha, Governor of Canik, became beylerbeyi of Sivas, and Mehmed Bey, the former dizdar of the Castle of Amasya, became mirliva (sanjak governor) of Canik.

In the month of Safer, a timar of eleven thousand akçe in the Geldiklân nahiye was given to Mustafa Ağa of Amasya, one of the ağas of the former grand vizier Mehmed Pasha and one of the çavuşes of the exalted divan. He was known in Amasya as "Efteli Mustafa Ağa".

In the month of Rebîülevvel, Kalavun Yûsuf Bey of Amasya, the second defterdar, became chief defterdar with the rank of vizier thanks to the protection of Ömer Efendi, the sultan's tutor. At the beginning of Rebîülâhir, Hakâlalızâde Seyyid Bahâeddîn Mehmed Efendi became kadı of Amasya. In the month of Cemâziyelevvel the sanjak of Amasya was given to Seyyid Ali Ağa, voyvoda of Tokat and treasury commissioner (beytülmal emini) of Amasya.

Notes and Research

Old Words in the Text

  • mahdûm: son
  • mahlûl: vacated, left without an owner (an office or revenue)
  • ze'âmet and tımâr: service-based revenue grants (dirlik) whose income was reckoned in akçe; zeamet was the large kind, timar the small
  • mutasarrıf: one who holds a dirlik or a sanjak
  • sadâret kâ'im-makâmı: the deputy who acts in place of the grand vizier when he is absent from the capital
  • divân-ı âlî: the exalted divan, the central government
  • müteferrika: a select class of palace servants
  • evkâf-ı Sultâniyye mütevellîsi: administrator of the sultan's waqfs
  • nakl-i me'mûriyet: transfer to another post
  • dizdâr: castle commander
  • mirlivâ: sanjak governor
  • defterdâr-ı şıkk-ı sânî: second defterdar; baş defterdar: head of the treasury
  • sâye-i ikbâl: the shadow of someone's fortune and influence, his protection
  • beytü'l-mâl emîni: official who collected ownerless property and inheritances on behalf of the state
  • voyvoda: official who collected the tax revenues of a place and looked after its public order

Tayyar Mehmed Pasha and His Family

The bey in this entry is Lâdikli Tayyar Mehmed Pasha, who would rise to the grand vizierate some twelve years later. In the Lâdik section of the book, Hüsameddin mentions among the four great lineages that came from the town the "Yeni Bey lineage", descended from the beys of Çelebi Sultan Mehmed, and counts Tayyar Mehmed Pasha, his father Mustafa Pasha, and his sons Mustafa, Ahmed and Hüseyin Pashas as of this line. In the biography volumes he gives the father's name as "Lâdikli Uçar Mustafa Pasha son of Hüseyin Bey, who rose to vizier from the stewardship of the former grand vizier Nasûh Pasha". The beginning of the father's rise goes back to the Celali years: according to Hüsameddin, when Nasûh Pasha, beylerbeyi of Sivas, came to Amasya in 1012 [1603], he liked the intelligence and courage of the Lâdik voyvoda "Tayyâr Mustafa Ağa" and made him his steward.

Abdülkadir Özcan's encyclopedia entry on Tayyar Mehmed Pasha also writes that the father was Uçar Mustafa Pasha, one of the former governors of Baghdad who was martyred in 1034 (1625), and that the family came from the Yeni Bey lineage of Lâdik, and bases this information on Hüsameddin. Here Hüsameddin is not consistent even with himself: in this entry he refers to the father as "Governor of Erzurum", while in the entry numbered 4-16 he says that he was martyred in 1029 while Governor of Baghdad. The date 1034 in the encyclopedia does not agree with 1029 in 4-16.

According to the encyclopedia, Mehmed became bey of Mosul while his father was beylerbeyi of Baghdad, was appointed sanjak governor of Urfa in 1027 (1618), became Governor of Aleppo in 1030 (1621) for his usefulness in Osman II's Polish campaign, and beylerbeyi of Sivas in Şevval of the following year. The encyclopedia does not mention a governorship of Amasya. The record in Hüsameddin's biography volumes partly fills this gap: according to it, Mehmed received a zeamet on Kuyucu Murad Pasha's proposal for his usefulness in the wars against the Celalis, became voyvoda of Zile and Tokat and treasury commissioner of Amasya under Nasûh Pasha's grand vizierate, sanjak governor during his father's vizierate, and bey of Urfa in 1028. He writes that he was brought to the beylerbeyilik of Aleppo in 1030 because the procession he displayed before the sultan was admired, again through the guidance of Hoca Ömer Efendi of Amasya. The governorship of Amasya in Receb 1027 described in this entry can be thought of as a short assignment immediately before the governorship of Urfa; however, the date of the Urfa appointment differs by one year between the two sources.

The encyclopedia notes that the nickname "Tayyar" is reported to come from his speed in military operations, and that his father's bearing the epithet "Uçar" has led to the interpretation that this nickname may have been said by the Arabs as "Tayyar" in the same sense. The pasha became grand vizier on the 1638 Baghdad campaign and was shot on the castle bastions and fell a martyr on 23 December 1638; his grave is in the cemetery of the Imam-ı Azam Tomb at his father's feet. Hüsameddin and the encyclopedia together record that Tayyar Mehmed Pasha had a share in the upbringing of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha.

The Governors of Sivas

In the text three beylerbeyis of Sivas change within a few months. The first of these is Sofu Mehmed Pasha, whom Hüsameddin calls "Hezârgradlı". According to records based on Mehmed Süreyya's Sicill-i Osmânî, this pasha, born in Razgrad (Hezargrad) in present-day Bulgaria, was governor of Egypt in 1611-1615, served as deputy grand vizier in the 1610s, became third vizier at the end of 1617, appeared in the province of Sivas in 1617-1619, became deputy again in 1619, and died in 1626. Feridun Emecen's entry on Mustafa I also writes that Deputy Grand Vizier Sofu Mehmed Pasha was influential in the placing of Mustafa I on the throne and his removal, and that Osman II showed his resentment at his uncle's enthronement by removing this pasha from Istanbul. Sofu Mehmed Pasha's being sent to Sivas in Receb 1027 can be read as part of this removal.

The life of Abdullah Paşazâde Hacı Abdülkerim Pasha, who came in his place, is told by Hüsameddin in the biography volumes: he is the son of Mehmed Bey, administrator of the Abdullah Pasha Waqf in Amasya, and is known as "Hacı Key Pasha". For his valor against the Celalis he became alaybeyi of Amasya, and, pleasing Kuyucu Murad Pasha, became bey of Çankırı, beylerbeyi of Ankara, and in 1025 beylerbeyi of Kars. The same biography writes that he became governor of Çankırı for the second time in 1028 and beylerbeyi of Salonica in 1029; there is a one-year difference with the entry's "transfer to Salonica in Muharrem 1028". According to the biography, he took part in the Polish campaign in 1030, was seen as beylerbeyi of Silistre in 1032, and then died.

Efteli Mustafa Ağa and Geldiklân

The family of "Efteli Mustafa Ağa", who was granted the timar, appears in Hüsameddin's biography volumes in connection with the life of his son Çavuşzâde Ahmed Ağa. According to it, Mustafa Ağa was the son of Efteli Mehmed Çavuş, who had a han and bath in the İnepazarı nahiye. His son Ahmed Ağa received a zeamet of twenty thousand akçe at his father's death, showed valor in the Baghdad war in the retinue of Tayyar Mehmed Pasha, then became kethüda of the çavuşes and in 1065 çavuşbaşı, and died in Amasya in early 1068. He too was called "Eftelioğlu".

The Geldiklân nahiye, where the timar lay, is an old administrative unit covering the western parts of Amasya. A study on the historical geography of Amasya reports that the center of the nahiye is today Ortaköy in the central district of Amasya, and that its name, according to Hüsameddin, comes from the farm ("Baygeldi Alanı", later "Geldi Alan") of Baygeldi, one of the Afshar beys who settled here in the time of the Danishmendids. According to the same study, in the 1530 survey register Geldiklânâbâd is recorded as one of the nahiyes of the kaza of Amasya; in 1722 it no longer appears in the list as a kaza. Hüsameddin too lists Geldiklân among the dependent kazas in the period when Amasya was the center of the province.

Kalavun Yûsuf and Hakâlalızâde

Kalavun Yûsuf of Amasya, who became chief defterdar through Ömer Efendi's protection, would a few years later be one of the most dramatic figures of the Abaza Mehmed Pasha rebellion. In Bünyamin Tan's study on Ali Cevâd's biography of Abaza, it is noted that Kalavun served as defterdar and vizier on the Khotyn campaign; this agrees with Hüsameddin's record of the chief defterdarship with the rank of vizier. The pasha's end is covered in the entry numbered 4-16.

The nickname of Hakâlalızâde Seyyid Bahâeddîn Mehmed Efendi, who became kadı of Amasya, points to the Hakala nahiye north of Amasya. Hüsameddin writes that the old name of this nahiye was "Arguma-Suluova", that after 745 the village of Hakala developed and became the center, that in the village there were the Kâsım Bey Madrasa and a Rufâî zaviye; today this village is Yolpınar, in the Suluova district. In the same place Hüsameddin also records that es-Seyyid Mehmed Efendi, "one of the kadıs from the village of Hakala", grew up. In the biography volumes he writes that the kadı Küçük Abdülkerim Efendi was "the son of Hakâlalı es-Seyyid Mehmed Bahâeddîn Efendi, kadı of Amasya", and that he took the path of the kadılık after becoming professor at the Kâsım Bey Madrasa in Hakala; thus it is understood that Bahâeddîn Mehmed Efendi grew up in this village together with his family. Hüsameddin, in describing the Amasya of the same period, also counts him among the famous kadıs living in the city.

What Could Not Be Found

On Gonca Beyzâde Zülfikâr Bey, the administrators of the Sultan Bayezid waqf Eyüb Ağa, Pervîz Ağa and Kapıcı Hüseyin Ağa, the governor of Canik Osman Pasha and the former dizdar Mehmed Bey, no information was found in other sources. Seyyid Ali Ağa, to whom the sanjak was given, is the subject of the next entry.

Bibliography

Primary sources

Academic studies

Official sources

  • Suluova Kaymakamlığı, "İlçemiz ve Tarihi".

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