Amasyalıdır. Ömer bin Mahmûd’un mahdûmu olup Amasya fuzalâsından Kadızâde Küçük Mehmed, Sultân Bâyezîd imâmı Gürcü Hasan, Şeyh Ya’kûbzâde Mustafa Efendiler [104] gibi fuhûl-ı ulemâdan ulûm-ı şer’iyye ve akliyeyi ahzedib ders-i âm oldu. Otuz yıl kadar tedrîs-i ulûma devâm ederek Enderûn Câmii vâ’izi ve eş-Şeyh Hızır Efendi yerine Mahmûd Çelebi Tekkesi şeyhi ve müte’âkiben tekkenin vakfına mütevellî oldu.
1072’de Mahmûd Çelebi Tekkesinin tevliyet ve meşîhatini büyük mahdûmu es-Seyyid Ömer Efendi’ye kasr-ı yed ve ferâgat ederek va’z ve tezkîr ve Tefsîr-i Beyzâvî tedrîsine hasr-i işgâl etdi. İki def’a hatme muvaffak olup 1079 senesi ramazânında dâr-ı na’îme irtihâl eyledi. Fâzıl, müfessir, ulûm-i şer’iyede mütebahhir, bakiyye-i selef, hayru’l-halef, muttakî bir vâ’iz-i meşhûr idi.
Mahdûmları es-Seyyid Ömer, Mehmed Efendiler olup eş-Şeyh es-Seyyid Ömer Efendi 1099’da ve eş-Şeyh es-Seyyid Mehmed Efendi 1111’de vefât etmişlerdir. Tevliyet ü meşîhat es-Seyyid Ömer Efendizâde es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Osmân Efendi’ye intikâl etdi. Bu da 1133’de vefâtıyla oğulları es-Seyyid Abdullah, Abdurrahman Efendiler mütevellî ve es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Mehmed Efendizâde es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Hâfız Hüseyin Efendi şeyh oldu. [105] Mütevellî es-Seyyid Abdullah Efendi 1137’de vefât edib oğlu es-Seyyid Mustafa Efendi ve bunun da 1194’de vefâtıyla oğulları es-Seyyid Abdullah, Feyzullah Efendiler mütevellî olmuşdu. Es-Seyyid Abdullah Efendi 1199’da bilâ-veled vefâtıyla hisse-i tevliyeti birâderi es-Seyyid Feyzullah Efendi’ye ve bunun da 1204’de bilâ-veled-i zükûr fevtiyle kerîmesi Ümmü Gülsüm Hâtun’a intikâl etdi.
Mehmed Çelebi Tekkesi Şeyhi es-Seyyid Hâfız Hüseyin Efendi 1175’de ve birâderi mütevellî es-Seyyid Ahmed Efendi bin es-Seyyid eş-Şeyh Mehmed Efendi de 1169’da vefât edib mahdûmu es-Seyyid İbrâhim Efendi şeyh ve mütevellî ve cüz-hân olmuşdu. 1195’de bu da vefâtıyla meşîhat-ı ulemâdan Mustafa Efendi’ye ve tevliyet es-Seyyid Feyzullah Efendi bin es-Seyyid Mustafa Efendi’ye ve bunun da vefâtıyla evlâd-ı inâsdan Rahtuvân Paşazâdelere intikâl etdi.
In Modern English
He was from Amasya. He was the son of Ömer son of Mahmûd. He learned the religious and rational sciences from great scholars such as the Amasya scholars Kadızâde Küçük Mehmed, Gürcü Hasan, imam of Sultan Bayezid, and Şeyh Ya'kûbzâde Mustafa Efendi, and became a public-lecture teacher. Continuing to teach for about thirty years, he became preacher of the Enderûn Mosque, sheikh of the Mahmûd Çelebi Lodge in place of Şeyh Hızır Efendi, and after that administrator of the lodge's waqf.
In 1072 [1661-62] he left the administratorship and sheikhship of the Mahmûd Çelebi Lodge to his eldest son es-Seyyid Ömer Efendi and withdrew, devoting himself to preaching, counsel and teaching the Tafsir of Beyzâvî. Twice he achieved a hatme (completing the exegesis from beginning to end), and he died in Ramadan 1079 [1669]. He was a man of merit, an exegete, deeply versed in the religious sciences, a remnant of the predecessors and their good successor, pious and a famous preacher.
His sons were es-Seyyid Ömer Efendi and Mehmed Efendi; Şeyh es-Seyyid Ömer Efendi died in 1099 [1687-88] and Şeyh es-Seyyid Mehmed Efendi in 1111 [1699-1700]. The administratorship and sheikhship passed to es-Seyyid Şeyh Osmân Efendi, son of es-Seyyid Ömer Efendi. When Osmân Efendi died in 1133 [1720-21], his sons es-Seyyid Abdullah and Abdurrahman Efendis became administrators, and es-Seyyid Şeyh Hâfız Hüseyin Efendi, son of es-Seyyid Şeyh Mehmed Efendi, became sheikh.
The administrator es-Seyyid Abdullah Efendi died in 1137 [1724-25]; his son es-Seyyid Mustafa Efendi, and at the latter's death in 1194 [1780], his sons es-Seyyid Abdullah and Feyzullah Efendis became administrators. When es-Seyyid Abdullah Efendi died without a son in 1199 [1784-85], the administrator's share passed to his brother es-Seyyid Feyzullah Efendi, and upon the latter's death without a male child in 1204 [1789-90], to his daughter Ümmü Gülsüm Hatun.
The sheikh of the Mehmed Çelebi Lodge, es-Seyyid Hâfız Hüseyin Efendi, died in 1175 [1761-62], and his brother the administrator es-Seyyid Ahmed Efendi son of es-Seyyid Şeyh Mehmed Efendi died in 1169 [1755-56], and the latter's son es-Seyyid İbrâhim Efendi had become sheikh, administrator and cüzhan (reciter of Qur'an sections). When he too died in 1195 [1780-81], the sheikhship passed to the scholar Mustafa Efendi, the administratorship to es-Seyyid Feyzullah Efendi, son of es-Seyyid Mustafa Efendi, and at his death to the Rahtuvân Paşazâdes, descended from the female line.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- fuhûl-ı ulemâ: great scholars
- ulûm-ı şer'iyye ve akliyye: the religious sciences and the rational sciences
- Enderûn Camii: name of a mosque in Amasya
- meşîhat: the office of sheikh
- tevliyet: being administrator, waqf administration
- kasr-ı yed ve ferâgat: withdrawing and giving up one's right
- Tefsîr-i Beyzâvî: Beyzâvî's exegesis called Envârü't-Tenzîl
- bakiyye-i selef, hayru'l-halef: remnant of the predecessors, their good successor
- bilâ-veled: childless
- evlâd-ı inâs: the lineage of daughters
- cüz-hân: one who recites sections (cüz) of the Qur'an
The Mahmud Çelebi Lodge
The Mahmud Çelebi Lodge is in the Hatuniye Quarter of Amasya and was built in 1404 by Ammâdzâde Bedreddin Mahmud Çelebi, one of the famous judges of Amasya. It is one of the principal Halvetî lodges that remained active for centuries. Among the sheikhs who served in this lodge are counted Şeyh Ali Efendi (d. 1701), İbrâhim Efendi, İsmâil Efendi, Osmân Efendi, Seyyid İsmâil Efendi, el-Hâc Mehmed Çelebi (d. 1688), Mustafa Efendi (d. 1702), Mahmud Efendi (1702), Hâfız Hüseyin Efendi (1712) and Abdurrahim Efendi (1723). This list partly overlaps and partly departs from the chain of sheikhs of the Seyyid family that Hüsameddin lists; it is possible that the two sources mention the same persons under different names and years.
In the last part of Hüsameddin's text the name "Mehmed Çelebi Lodge" appears, whereas at the beginning and middle of the text the lodge is written as "Mahmûd Çelebi Lodge." Whether the two names indicate the same lodge or different lodges cannot be known with certainty from the text. In that it lists the passing of the sheikhship and administratorship of a lodge within a single family over more than a hundred years, from father to son and to daughters' children, the text is an example of waqf administration. No information was found in other sources about İbrâhim Efendi's teachers and the Enderûn Mosque.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 6, p. 41–42. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies