İkinci Sultân Selîm'in şehzâdesidir. 974 senesi evâ'ilinde pederinin cülûsundan sonra Amasya vâlîsi olup geldi.⁵⁹⁸Ümerâdan Ferruh Bey lalası, Amasyalı Yularkısdızâde Ahmed Paşa makâm-ı vezâretinde kâ'im oldu. Kayseriyyeli Zeynü'l-İbâd Efendi de müftü olup geldi.
Sultân Murâd, 953 senesi cumadelûlâsının beşinde doğdu. Yirmi bir yaşında Amasya vâlîsi oldu. Ancak Sivas ve Amasya [324] havâlîsinde şekâvet hâdiseleri şehzâdeyi bî-huzûr ediyor, âdetâ bunaltıyordu.
Bu sebebden Amasya'da ancak bir buçuk yıl kadar oturabildi. 976 senesi rebî'ulâhirinde Manîsâ'ya nakl edildi. Ahmed Paşa⁵⁹⁹ Sivas beylerbeyi ve İlyâs Bey Amasya sancağı beyi oldu.
In Modern English
He was the son of Selim II. At the beginning of 974 [1566–67], after his father's accession to the throne, he came as governor of Amasya. Among the beys, Ferruh Bey was his tutor (lala). Yularkısdızâde Ahmed Pasha of Amasya became deputy in the office of vizier. Zeynü'l-İbâd Efendi of Kayseri also came as mufti.
Sultan Murad was born on the fifth of Jumada al-Awwal 953 [1546]. At twenty-one he became governor of Amasya. But the incidents of banditry around Sivas and Amasya made the prince uneasy and almost oppressed him.
For this reason he could stay in Amasya only about a year and a half. In Rabi al-Akhir of the year 976 [1568–69] he was transferred to Manisa. Ahmed Pasha became beylerbeyi of Sivas, and İlyâs Bey became sanjak bey of Amasya.
Notes and Research
Old Words in the Text
- cülûs: accession to the throne
- lala: adult tutor and adviser appointed to look after a prince's education and administrative affairs
- ümerâ: emirs, beys
- makâm-ı vezâret: the office of vizier
- kâ'im: one who takes the place of another, deputy
- şekâvet: banditry, highway robbery
- bî-huzûr: uneasy
- nakl: change of the place of duty
- havâlî: surroundings
The Last Years of Amasya as a Princely Sanjak
Amasya was a sanjak in which princes were trained ever since Bayezid the Thunderbolt was sent there as sanjak bey in 1386. Among the princes who held this post are counted Mehmed I, Murad II, Mehmed the Conqueror, Prince Ahmed, Prince Mustafa and Murad III. According to one study, the last link of this tradition is Murad, aged twenty-one, who was sent when Selim II became sultan in 1566. The same study writes that Murad stayed in Amasya about a year and a half, that besides the Celali rebellions the disturbances caused by madrasa students affected the city, and that he was finally appointed to Manisa. The period and the reason Hüsameddin gives coincide with this. The same article also notes that the growing importance of the princely sanjaks close to Istanbul had a share in Amasya's loss of its character as a princely sanjak.
A Point Where It Departs from Hüsameddin
The TDV entry on Murad III draws a different picture. According to it, Murad was born on 4 July 1546 on the Bozdağ summer pasture near Manisa. The birthday Hüsameddin gives (the fifth of Jumada al-Awwal 953) corresponds to this date. The entry writes that Murad was appointed at a young age sanjak bey of Aydın-ili and then of Akşehir, and later, in Rajab 969 [March 1562], was sent to the sanjak of Saruhan and stayed there for twelve years until he became sultan. It does not mention Amasya. It also reports that his tutors were first Ferruh Bey and then Câfer Bey; the name Ferruh Bey agrees with the information given by Hüsameddin.
The two accounts do not agree. Either Murad was appointed to Amasya for a short time, as Hüsameddin says, and the TDV entry does not mention it, or there is a confusion in the record Hüsameddin followed. In a footnote Hüsameddin bases this information on Câmi'ud-Düvel and the register of decrees (ahkâm defteri). The difference could not be resolved with present sources; for a definite judgment the registers of decrees themselves must be consulted.
Yularkısdızâde Ahmed Pasha and Zeynü'l-İbâd Efendi
A footnote writes that Ahmed Pasha became beylerbeyi of Sivas in 976, that his father was Yularkısdı Sinan Pashazâde İskender Bey, and that his "daughter Gevherhân" is mentioned. Elsewhere in the book Hüsameddin reports that İskender Bey married Gevher Hân Sultan, daughter of Prince Sultan Ahmed; the name in the footnote is probably related to this woman, but the connection is not explicit in the text.
Zeynü'l-İbâd Efendi is mentioned here as being from Kayseri. In the entry for 984 of the same volume, however, Zeynü'l-ibâd Çelebi is counted among the grandsons of Sheikh İbrâhim Tennûrî of Amasya. It is not stated whether these two records concern the same person.
Bibliography
Primary sources
- Abdîzâde Hüseyin Hüsâmeddîn Yasar, Amasya Tarihi, Amasya Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 2022, vol. 3, p. 512–512. amasya.bel.tr
Academic studies
Other sources